Why is Europe at the top half of maps and Africa at the bottom? Although we are accustomed to that convention, it is, in fact, a politically motivated, almost entirely subjective way of depicting a ball spinning in space. As The Power of Projections teaches us, maps do not portray reality, only interpretations of it. To begin with, they are two-dimensional projections of a three-dimensional, spherical Earth. Add to that the fact that every map is made for a purpose and its design tends to reflect that purpose. Finally, a map is often a psychological projection of the historical, political, and cultural values of the cartographer—or of the nation, person or organization for which the map was created. In this fascinating book, Klinghoffer examines the world perceptions of various civilizations and the ways in which maps have been formulated to serve the agendas of cartographers and their patrons. He analyzes the recent decline of sovereignty, the spread of globalization, the reassertion of ethnic identity, and how these trends affect contemporary mapmaking.
The Angolan War of 1975-1976 focused international attention on an area -long relegated to the sidelines of world diplomacy and accented the historical momentum toward black control of southern African states. This book is the first to examine why a localized conflict in a remote area was the object of such extensive global concern. Dr. Klinghoffer discusses both the Soviet and the Cuban roles in Angola and evaluates the decisive change in Soviet foreign policy that, subsequently, caused the United States to question the very nature of Soviet-American detente. He answers the key question of whether the Soviet Union followed an overall plan for Angola or developed its policy over time, in reaction to the behavior of the United States, China, South Africa, Zaire, Portugal, and other political actors.
This volume is a survey of Soviet-Israeli relations from the time when the U.S.S.R. supported the establishment of Israel's independence in 1947-48. Although diplomatic relations have been broken since 1967, the author shows how many contacts there have been, from conversations at the foreign minister level to the visits of individuals and delegations.
In this major new reading of Sartre’s life and work, Paige Arthur traces the relationship between the philosopher’s decades-long commitment to decolonization and his intellectual positions. Where other commentators have focused on the tensions between Sartre’s Marxism and his account of existential freedom, usually to denigrate one in favor of the other, Arthur shows how Sartre’s political engagement with global liberation movements and his philosophical framework developed alongside one another. Closely following the postwar movements for decolonization, and then supporting the war of independence in Algeria, Sartre proposed an influential and uncompromising view of imperialism. Analyzing the Western attitude to the ‘subhuman’ colonial subject, he offered an account of the social constraints that applied to both ruler and ruled, and came to argue that political violence—on both sides—was a systematic consequence of the colonial order. Arthur’s rich and nuanced book locates Sartre within the political discussions of his time, whilst also looking forward to contemporary debates about new forms of imperialism and resistance.
The failure of the international community to prevent the 1994 Rwandan genocide has focused attention on the limitations of "humanitarian intervention" as a remedy for such tragic situations. But under what conditions should such intervention be carried out? What international laws apply? And under whose auspices should intervention be initiated? The International Dimensions of Genocide in Rwanda explores these and other questions, seeking to determine what lessons may be learned from Rwanda for the future. Meticulously researched and drawing on the complete United Nations files on Rwanda, the volume offers a chronology of the events in Rwanda up until the April 1996 departure of the UN peacekeeping forces. Klinghoffer then examines the policies and actions of specific outside actors, as well as the deficiencies of international law and of United Nations procedures which hampered the effectiveness of the international response. The definitive work on the Rwandan genocide, this book will have profound implications for future international responses to tragic situations in other troubled states.
Why is Europe at the top half of maps and Africa at the bottom? Although we are accustomed to that convention, it is, in fact, a politically motivated, almost entirely subjective way of depicting a ball spinning in space. As The Power of Projections teaches us, maps do not portray reality, only interpretations of it. To begin with, they are two-dimensional projections of a three-dimensional, spherical Earth. Add to that the fact that every map is made for a purpose and its design tends to reflect that purpose. Finally, a map is often a psychological projection of the historical, political, and cultural values of the cartographer—or of the nation, person or organization for which the map was created. In this fascinating book, Klinghoffer examines the world perceptions of various civilizations and the ways in which maps have been formulated to serve the agendas of cartographers and their patrons. He analyzes the recent decline of sovereignty, the spread of globalization, the reassertion of ethnic identity, and how these trends affect contemporary mapmaking.
This volume is a survey of Soviet-Israeli relations from the time when the U.S.S.R. supported the establishment of Israel's independence in 1947-48. Although diplomatic relations have been broken since 1967, the author shows how many contacts there have been, from conversations at the foreign minister level to the visits of individuals and delegations.
South Africa is almost entirely dependent on imports to fulfill its petroleum needs. The author discusses the international ban on exporting petroleum to South Africa and how this ban is mostly a fiction for purposes of public relations. Governments, oil companies, and shipping lines publicly condemn apartheid and endorse the oil embargo, while clandestinely selling oil to South Africa. A study of international hypocrisy. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
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