The book covers a variety of feasible technology options, both wired and wireless, to enable 6G connectivity in rural and remote regions. Along with the enabling technology options, the book also covers important aspects such as human-computer interaction, business models for the local operator ecosystem, regulatory and right-of-way policies, security and privacy, and future challenges related to technology migration, urbanization, and scalability. A special feature of this book is that it covers both the optical and wireless technology aspects to realize 6G connectivity, which will be of interest to a broad range of researchers and practitioners. Detailed figures have been included in the book to cover both the fiber-optics and wireless aspects. These figures include telecommunication equipment and networks ranging from a locality to the under-sea cables to high latitude platforms. The book has simple explanations, pictorial representations, minimal math, and conversational language, which will enable all the readers to grasp it, thereby helping them in decision making and performing comprehensive analysis. This book includes the needs of the unconnected and under-connected sections of the society, notably from the rural and remote areas, when the 6G standards are being discussed and developed. This feature will help overcome the challenge of widening the digital divide from every new generation of mobile network standards. Hence, the book covers all technical and non-technical aspects to be of interest to researchers, decision-makers, academia, social workers, and the readers in technology, growth, and empowerment.
This book ‘Tribal Hero Shibu Soren’ is the life story of the greatest Adivasi leader of the Jharkhand Movement. It is specifically aimed to make the world, the country and the current generation aware of Shibu Soren’s immense struggle and contribution towards elimination of the money-lending system, creation of a separate Jharkhand state and initiation of various social reform movements among the Adivasis. Popularly and respectfully addressed by some as ‘Guruji’ and by others as ‘Dishom Guru’, he dedicated his entire life for the upliftment of the tribal folk. This book aims to bring to light the known and the unknown facts and facets of a towering personality Shibu Soren.
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have attracted high interest over the last few decades in the wireless and mobile computing research community. Applications of WSNs are numerous and growing, including indoor deployment scenarios in the home and office to outdoor deployment in an adversary’s territory in a tactical background. However, due to their distributed nature and deployment in remote areas, these networks are vulnerable to numerous security threats that can adversely affect their performance. This problem is more critical if the network is deployed for some mission-critical applications, such as in a tactical battlefield. Random failure of nodes is also very likely in real-life deployment scenarios. Due to resource constraints in the sensor nodes, a traditional security mechanism with high overhead of computation and communication is not feasible in WSNs. Design and implementation of secure WSNs is, therefore, a particularly challenging task. This book covers a comprehensive discussion on state-of-the-art security technologies for WSNs. It identifies various possible attacks at different layers of the communication protocol stack in a typical WSN and presents their possible countermeasures. A brief discussion on the future direction of research in WSN security is also included.
Discover the remarkable world of medicinal plants with our curated collection of twenty botanical marvels in this enlightening volume. Each plant, chosen for its historical significance and contemporary medical relevance, showcases the diversity and potency of pharmacognostic knowledge. From the ancient healing traditions of Ayurveda and Traditional Chinese Medicine to modern pharmacological advancements, these plants reveal the synergy between nature and science. Detailed descriptions highlight the pharmacological properties, chemical constituents, and therapeutic applications of each botanical specimen, offering valuable insights for students, herbalists, and curious explorers alike. Immerse yourself in the intricate web of botanical lore and gain a deeper understanding of plant-based medicine. This book serves as a comprehensive resource, inspiring a newfound appreciation for nature's pharmacy and its boundless potential for health and wellness. Embark on this educational journey and discover the miraculous healing powers of the plant kingdom. Happy reading!
This book endeavors to explore the role of different groups of microbes in the biodiversity enrichment, forest productivity, land restoration, agricultural productivity and green technology. In this book emphasis is mainly given on mutualistic interactions especially on plant Mycorrhizae and Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR).
The industry dealing with wireless communications has experienced an unprecedented boom throughout the past several years. Thanks to the possibilities of wireless technology, it is feasible to connect with almost every point on Earth's surface from almost anywhere. Hundreds of millions of people use the internet to communicate and exchange data every day. A variety of wireless communication devices, including pagers, mobile phones, laptops, and PDAs, are utilised by these individuals for this purpose. The phenomenal success of wireless phone and message services makes the transition to wireless communication in the realm of personal and corporate computers all the more predictable. Because there will be no longer be any restrictions imposed by wired networks, people will be able to access and exchange information globally from almost any place they can imagine. Alternatively stated, a Mobile Ad hoc Network (MANET) [Agrawal2002, Cordeiro2002, Perkins2001] is a network that may be instantaneously formed without relying on preexisting infrastructure or additional permanent stations. Put simply, it is a network that can be constructed as needed. To give this argument more structure, we can say that an ad hoc network (abbreviated as "ad hoc") is a self-governing system consisting of mobile hosts (MHs) that act as routers and are linked to each other via wireless connections. The combination of different MHs yields a communication network represented by an arbitrary communication graph. In contrast, by repurposing base stations (BSs) as access points, the famous single-hop cellular network architecture may meet the needs of wireless communication. That is not the case, though, as was previously stated. The only means for two mobile nodes in a modern cellular network to communicate with each other are through the cable backbone and the fixed base stations. A MANET lacks this kind of infrastructure, and the topology of the network might alter in an unforeseen way due to its increased dynamic nature, as nodes are free to move around. This is due to the fact that MANETs are more dynamic. Regarding their mode of operation, ad hoc networks are essentially just peer-to-peer multihop mobile wireless networks. As seen in Figure 1.1, these networks are designed to carry data packets using a store-and-forward technique, which involves transferring them from one location to another via intermediate nodes. Packet forwarding over the network does this. Since the MHs are in motion, the other nodes in the network must be informed of the ensuing topological change. This occurs as a result of the MHs' mobility. Because of this, you can choose to keep the old topological data or delete it. When nodes in the network change their point of attachment, like the MH2 node in Figure 1.1 does, from MH3 to MH4, other nodes should utilise this new channel to send packets to the MH2 node.
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