Plastics extrusion is one of the most important industrial processes worldwide. Over past decades, understanding of extrusion technologies has advanced by the global research efforts, but, due to the fact that the metal barrel hinders direct visualizations to be made by the naked eye, the “true” dynamic processing characteristics of extrusion processes remain unclear. Analytical attempts have thus been carried out either by indirect, static empirical approaches or theoretical mathematical analyses. None of them offer a realistic depiction of what takes place inside the barrel during an extrusion process. As such, the barrel can be considered as a “black-box”. This book reveals the “true” dynamic extrusion processing characteristics, accumulated from years of research experience based on the novel visualization technique developed by Professor Zhu of the Beijing University of Chemical Technology. The qualitative discussions within provide not only insight into the scientific aspects of the subject, but also information of practical significance for those in the industry who need to perform process and hardware designs and optimizations. Included are conventional mathematical representations of the single- and twin-screw extrusion technologies. This provides a comprehensive foundation for undergraduate courses in, e.g., plastics processing engineering. Other topics covered are specifically selected to provide a comprehensive technical and market-trend background to readers at all levels. The current status and future potential of sustainable and biodegradable polymers are also emphasized.
Industrial processes involving handling of solid raw materials are highly dependent on our understanding of the fundamental characteristics and properties of the starting solid materials, as well as whether or not the related process hardware and operation are properly designed and optimized. This is true of almost all plastics manufacturing processes since particulate solids handling is the most elementary processing step. This book provides a broad understanding of powder technology and the significance of particulate solid characteristics that are applicable to plastics manufacturing processes. It focuses on the particular characteristics of solid materials relevant to plastics manufacturing processes. Applications of engineering principles based on the selected solid characteristics which illustrate the uniqueness of the subject are also included. The useful and practical information within offers engineers solutions to otherwise unclear problems commonly encountered in industry. The selected examples of research investigations provided should also inspire readers to formulate further fundamental as well as applied research studies on the inter- and intra-relationship between powder technology and plastics processing technology. Contents: - Introduction - Polymers, Additives, and Processing - Fundamental Parameters of Powder Characteristics - Solid-Solid Mixing - Storage and Discharge of Particulate Solids - Pneumatic Conveying of Particulate Solids - Gas Fluidization - Interparticle Forces - Effects of Particle Characteristics on Rheological Properties of Polymeric Melts
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