The introduction, by Nikolai Genov, looks at the challenges posed by two transformations: the experiment with communism, which ended in failure, and the current transition to a market economy and pluralist politics. Genov concludes that the major reason for Bulgaria's critical situation is the powerlessness of its state institutions. Considering life-style, fertility, leisure and consumption, inequality, religion, economic institutions, ethnicity, norms of conduct, and family, as well as other trends, Recent Social Trends in Bulgaria, 1960B1995 is the first comprehensive presentation of the major transformations that characterize Bulgaria at the turn of the century. The contributors not only consider a broad range of social phenomena but provide an in-depth analysis of social change. This national profile provides more data supporting the hypothesis of diversification, rather than convergence, in modern societies, a hypothesis proposed by the Comparative Charting of Social Change group after documenting social change in many countries.
The introduction, by Nikolai Genov, looks at the challenges posed by two transformations: the experiment with communism, which ended in failure, and the current transition to a market economy and pluralist politics. Genov concludes that the major reason for Bulgaria's critical situation is the powerlessness of its state institutions. Considering life-style, fertility, leisure and consumption, inequality, religion, economic institutions, ethnicity, norms of conduct, and family, as well as other trends, Recent Social Trends in Bulgaria, 1960B1995 is the first comprehensive presentation of the major transformations that characterize Bulgaria at the turn of the century. The contributors not only consider a broad range of social phenomena but provide an in-depth analysis of social change. This national profile provides more data supporting the hypothesis of diversification, rather than convergence, in modern societies, a hypothesis proposed by the Comparative Charting of Social Change group after documenting social change in many countries.
Anna Pavlovna Vygodskaia's autobiography, originally published in 1938, is a rare and fascinating historical account of Jewish childhood and young adult life in Tsarist Russia. At a time when the vast majority of Jews resided in small market towns in the Pale of Settlement, Vygodskaia liberated herself from that world and embraced the day-to-day rhythms, educational activities, and new intellectual opportunities in the imperial capital of St. Petersburg. Her story offers a unique glimpse of Jewish daily life that is rarely documented in public sources—of neighborly interactions, children's games and household rituals, love affairs and emotional outbursts, clothing customs, and leisure time. Most first-person narratives of this kind reconstruct an isolated and self-contained Jewish world, but The Story of a Life uniquely describes the unprecedented social opportunities, as well as the many political and personal challenges, that young Jewish women and men experienced in the Russia of the 1870s and 1880s. In addition to their artful translation, Eugene M. Avrutin and Robert H. Greene thoroughly explicate this historical context in their introduction.
The Life of a Russian Woman Doctor by Anna Bek (1869--1954) yields rich insights into the lives of a generation of Russian women who lived at a time of revolutionary change, extraordinary challenges, and unprecedented opportunities. Written in a lively and compelling style, Anna Bek's memoir reveals not only the experiences but also the motives and values of women who sought education, independence, and self-sufficiency, the obstacles they encountered, and the influences of other women and men on their lives. This engrossing memoir also engages the special context of Siberian geography and history -- the vast distances and isolation, the heterogeneous population of settlers, exiles, and convicts, the closeness and interdependence of families and communities, and the deep appreciation of nature. This book offers a rewarding excursion into Siberian social history and an intimate acquaintance with two exceptional individuals of great charm and courage -- Anna Bek and her American editor, Anne D. Rassweiler.
Providing a unique glimpse into the domestic life of Russia's nobility in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, Days of a Russian Noblewoman combines a rare memoir and a diary, now translated into English for the first time. Anna Labzina was relatively well educated by the standards of her day, and she traveled widely through the Russian empire. Yet, unlike most writers of her time, she writes primarily as a dutiful, if inwardly rebellious, daughter and wife, reflecting on the onerous roles assigned to women in a male-centered society. Labzina was married young to Alexander Karamyshev, who, while well regarded in political and scholarly circles of his day, proved to be brutish and abusive at home. A "Russian Voltairian," he professed atheism and free love. His unbridled behavior caused Labzina much grief, which she vividly recalls in her memoir. Because she moved among aristocratic circles, her reminiscences bring readers face to face with celebrated figures of politics and literature, including the Empress Catherine the Great and the "Radiant Prince" Grigorii Potemkin. As a pious and charitable woman, Labzina also speaks for others who rarely had a voice in literature: serfs, prisoners, and political exiles. Labzina wrote both her memoir and her diary during her second marriage, to Alexander Labzin, a leader in Russian Freemasonry and in the movement for religious revival. At the same time, she became actively involved in the spiritual life of his lodge, the Dying Sphinx. Her account of her spiritual development and her social sphere offer unparalleled insights into male and female sensibilities of the time.
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