Anna Fruttero's Books

Women in the Labor Force

The Role of Fiscal Policies

By: Anna Fruttero,Daniel Gurara,Ms.Lisa L Kolovich,Vivian Malta,Ms.Marina Mendes Tavares,Nino Tchelishvili,Ms.Stefania Fabrizio

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Women in the Labor Force

The Role of Fiscal Policies

By: Anna Fruttero,Daniel Gurara,Ms.Lisa L Kolovich,Vivian Malta,Ms.Marina Mendes Tavares,Nino Tchelishvili,Ms.Stefania Fabrizio

Despite the increase in female labor force participation over the past three decades, women still do not have the same opportunities as men to participate in economic activities in most countries. The average female labor force participation rate across countries is still 20 percentage points lower than the male rate, and gender gaps in wages and access to education persist. As shown by earlier work, including by the IMF, greater gender equality boosts economic growth and leads to better development and social outcomes. Gender equality is also one of the 17 United Nations Sustainable Development Goals that 193 countries committed to achieve by 2030.

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International Monetary Fund

Published Date

ISBN 10

1513529137

ISBN 13

9781513529134

Growing Old in an Older Brazil

Implications of Population Aging on Growth, Poverty, Public Finance and Service Delivery

By: Ole Hagen Jorgensen,Romero Rocha,Anna Fruttero

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Growing Old in an Older Brazil

Implications of Population Aging on Growth, Poverty, Public Finance and Service Delivery

By: Ole Hagen Jorgensen,Romero Rocha,Anna Fruttero

Brazil is in the middle of a profound socioeconomic transformation driven by demographic change. Because of profound changes in mortality and, especially, fertility over the past four decades the population at older ages then begun to increase, a trend that will become more and more rapid as time progresses. While it took more than a century for France's population, aged 65 and above, to increase from 7 to 14 percent of the total population, the same demographic change will occur in the next two decades in Brazil (between 2011 and 2031). The elderly population will more than triple within the next four decades, from less than 20 million in 2010 to approximately 65 million in 2050. On the one side, these shifts in population age structure will lead to substantial additional fiscal pressures on publicly financed health care and pensions, along with substantial reductions in fiscal pressures for publicly financed education. Public transfers in Brazil have been very effective in reducing poverty among the elderly in both urban and rural areas. However, without substantial changes, the aging of the population will put a strain on the current system that will result in some critical trade-offs with consequence for poverty among other vulnerable groups and for the growth prospects of the country. One the other side, given the strong association between people's economic behavior and the life cycle, changes in the population age structure have a major impact on economic development. This book investigates the impact of demographic changes on several dimensions of the Brazilian economy and society. It does so in a comprehensive and systematic way that captures the broad complexity of issues, from economic growth to poverty, from public financing of social services and transfers to savings, from employment to health and long-term care, and their interrelations.

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337

Publisher

World Bank Publications

Published Date

ISBN 10

0821388029

ISBN 13

9780821388020

Social Programs and Formal Employment: Evidence from the Brazilian Bolsa Família Program

By: Anna Fruttero,Alexandre Ribeiro Leichsenring,Luis Henrique Paiva

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Social Programs and Formal Employment: Evidence from the Brazilian Bolsa Família Program

By: Anna Fruttero,Alexandre Ribeiro Leichsenring,Luis Henrique Paiva

Employment is key to combating poverty. Thus, detractors of social assistance programs argue that they create disincentives to work. While there is substantial evidence showing limited effects of these programs on overall labor supply, the jury is still out with respect to their impact on formal employment. This paper exploits an unannounced change in the eligibility rule of the Bolsa Familia program in Brazil, one of the oldest and largest conditional cash transfers in the world, to identify the causal impact of the program on formal employment, combining three large administrative datasets. This paper finds that the program has a positive effect on entry in formal labor market, especially for younger cohorts.

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International Monetary Fund

Published Date

ISBN 10

1513547704

ISBN 13

9781513547701

Lawful Progress: Unveiling the Laws That Reshape Women’s Work Decisions

By: Anna Fruttero,Diego B. P. Gomes,Nishtha Sharma

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Lawful Progress: Unveiling the Laws That Reshape Women’s Work Decisions

By: Anna Fruttero,Diego B. P. Gomes,Nishtha Sharma

This paper examines the impact of women’s legal rights on labor force participation decisions made by women and men through a granular analysis of 35 gendered laws. Building on previous literature, it departs from the analysis using aggregate indices due to concerns about (i) the usability of an index for policymaking purposes, (ii) the economic interpretation of an index’s average marginal effects, (iii) and the implicit assumption of homogeneous effects underlying regressions with an index. The findings identify nine key laws that can foster female labor force participation. Notably, laws related to household dynamics and women’s agency within the family, such as divorce and property rights laws, and laws regarding the ability of women to travel outside the home, are especially important in influencing their decision to work. The paper also shows that improving women’s legal rights does not improve their labor force participation through a substitution effect as it has no systematic negative effect on men’s labor force participation.

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International Monetary Fund

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ISBN 13

9798400261039

Growing Pains

Is Latin American Prepared for Population Aging?

By: Valentina Flamini,Misael Galdamez,Frederic Lambert,Mike Li,Mr.Bogdan Lissovolik,Rosalind Mowatt,Jaume Puig,Mr.Alexander D Klemm,Mauricio Soto,Mr.Saji Thomas,Christoph Freudenberg,Anna Orthofer,Andrea Herrera

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Growing Pains

Is Latin American Prepared for Population Aging?

This paper estimates the fiscal costs of population aging in Latin America and provides policy recommendations on reforms needed to make these costs manageable. Although Latin American societies are still younger than most advanced economies, like other emerging markets the region is already in a process of population aging that is expected to accelerate in the remainder of the century. This will directly affect fiscal sustainabil-ity by putting pressure on public pension and health care systems in the region that are already more burdened than, for example, in emerging Asia, a region with a similar demographic structure. A stylized cross-country exercise, drawing on demographic projections from the United Nations and methodologies developed by the IMF to derive public spending projections, is used to quantify long-term fiscal gaps generated by population aging in 18 Latin American countries.1 Several aspects of current pensions and health care systems in Latin Amer-ica make the region’s long-term fiscal positions particularly vulnerable to population aging.

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195

Publisher

International Monetary Fund

Published Date

ISBN 10

1484350464

ISBN 13

9781484350461

Women in the Labor Force

The Role of Fiscal Policies

By: Anna Fruttero,Daniel Gurara,Ms.Lisa L Kolovich,Vivian Malta,Ms.Marina Mendes Tavares,Nino Tchelishvili,Ms.Stefania Fabrizio

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Women in the Labor Force

The Role of Fiscal Policies

By: Anna Fruttero,Daniel Gurara,Ms.Lisa L Kolovich,Vivian Malta,Ms.Marina Mendes Tavares,Nino Tchelishvili,Ms.Stefania Fabrizio

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International Monetary Fund

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1513529137

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9781513529134

Book's by Anna Fruttero

Women in the Labor Force

Women in the Labor Force

Growing Old in an Older Brazil

Growing Old in an Older Brazil

Social Programs and Formal Employment: Evidence from the Brazilian Bolsa Família Program

Social Programs and Formal Employment: Evidence from the Brazilian Bolsa Família Program

Lawful Progress: Unveiling the Laws That Reshape Women’s Work Decisions

Lawful Progress: Unveiling the Laws That Reshape Women’s Work Decisions

Growing Pains

Growing Pains

Women in the Labor Force

Women in the Labor Force

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