Written by one of Canada's foremost authorities on municipal government, this comprehensive introduction to urban local government explores how Canadian municipal governments are defined, why we have them, what they do, and how power is attained and distributed within them.
Outside the United States, forced municipal mergers were a popular policy in many European countries and Canadian provinces during the 1960s and 1970s. The city of Laval, just north of Montreal, and the "unicity" of Winnipeg owe their origins to this period - both amalgamations failed to meet their original objectives. Despite the emergence of "public choice" theory - which justifies municipal fragmentation on market principles - some politicians and public servants in the 1990s have continued to advocate municipal amalgamations as a means of reducing public expenditure, particularly in Ontario. In Merger Mania Andrew Sancton demonstrates that this approach has generally not saved money. He examines the history of amalgamation, as well as studying recent forced municipal mergers in Halifax, Toronto, Ottawa, Hamilton, and Sudbury. In the concluding chapter he examines the case for municipal amalgamation on the Island of Montreal and argues that those who would abolish locally elected municipal councils are obligated to explain very carefully - especially in light of evidence to the contrary - exactly why they think such drastic measures are necessary. A compelling examination of a timely issue, Merger Mania is a must-read for anyone interested in the politics of city governments.
The purpose of the report is to analyse the advantages and disadvantages of municipal amalgamations, provide a historical perspective of such amalgamations, and examine how these experiences apply to the city-region of Montreal.
Located at the junction of the St. Lawrence and Ottawa rivers, Montreal Island is the main contact point between French and English Canadians. Prior to Quebec's "Quiet Revolution" of the 1960s, local governments in Montreal both reflected and perpetuated the mutual isolation of French and English. Residential concentration in autonomous suburbs, together with self-contained networks of schools and social services, enabled English-speaking Montrealers to control the city's economy and to conduct their community's affairs with little regard for the French-speaking majority. The modernization of the Quebec state in the 1960s dramatically challenged this arrangement. The author demonstrates how the English-speaking politicians in cooperation with certain French-speaking allies have succeeded in preventing the wholesale adoption of ambitious schemes for metropolitan reorganization. He describes the workings of a society divided by language and ethnicity, where the pervasiveness of the politics of language impedes all plans for comprehensive metropolitan reform. This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press's mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1985.
With city-regions becoming increasingly important as sources of innovation and wealth in our society, does it follow that their institutions of government will become increasingly autonomous, allowing them to become self-governing?
The purpose of the report is to analyse the advantages and disadvantages of municipal amalgamations, provide a historical perspective of such amalgamations, and examine how these experiences apply to the city-region of Montreal.
Canada's last experience with national urban policy-making was in the 1970s. The authors focus on what has happened since, exploring how both our city-regions and our ideas about the urban policy-making process have changed. The authors also examine both the past and present roles of the federal government, and what it can and should do in the future. Contributors include Caroline Andrew, Paul Born (Tamarack Institute for Community Engagement, Cambridge), Kenneth Cameron (FCIP, Policy and Planning, Greater Vancouver Regional District), W. Michael Fenn, (Ontario Deputy Minister of Municipal Affairs and Housing), Pierre Filion (University of Waterloo), Katherine Graham, Pierre Hamel (Université de Montréal), Christopher Leo (University of Winnipeg), Barbara Levine (World University Service of Canada), Sherilyn MacGregor (PhD, Environmental Studies, York University), Warren Magnusson (University of Victoria), Beth Moore Milroy (Toronto Metropolitan University), Merle Nicholds (former Mayor of Kanata), Evelyn Peters (University of Saskatchewan), Susan Phillips, Valerie Preston (York University), Andrew Sancton (University of Western Ontario), Lisa Shaw (Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives), Enid Slack (Enid Slack Consulting Inc.), Sherri Torjman (Caledon Institute of Social Policy), Carolyn Whitzman (doctoral candidate, School of Geography and Geology, McMaster University), David Wolfe (University of Toronto), and Madeleine Wong (University of Wisconsin).
FULLY REVISED AND UPDATED The massacre of 1 million Rwandan Tutsis by ethnic Hutus in 1994 has become a symbol of the international community's helplessness in the face of human rights atrocities. It is assumed that the West was well-intentioned, but ultimately ineffectual. But as Andrew Wallis reveals in this shocking book, one country - France - was secretly providing military, financial and diplomatic support to the genocidaires all along. Based on new interviews with key players and eye-witnesses, and previously unreleased documents, Walliss' book tells a story which many have suspected, but never seen set out before. France, Wallis discovers, was keen to defend its influence in Africa, even if it meant complicity in genocide, for as French President Francois Mitterrand once said: "in countries like that, genocide is not so important". Wallis's riveting expose of the French role in one of the darkest chapters of human history will provoke furious debate, denials, and outrage.
This book critically reviews the origins, development, and decline of the Class Meeting. Beginning with an overview of the religious and societal milieu from the sixteenth century, and examining the heritage of John and Charles Wesley, the inheritance John Wesley took from the past is studied. The rise of the Anglican Unitary Societies is considered and Wesley's active work within those societies drawn out. The arrival of the Moravians in London in 1738 to form a group for Germans resident in London influenced many of the Anglican society members, not least the Wesley brothers. These influences are also considered before the Methodist movement, and particularly the Class Meeting are considered in detail. This book is unique in its drawing together the manner of religious association experienced in the Evangelical Revival and aims to show how Methodism was a fusion of pre-existing ideas, formed into a new working model of religious association. Paramount to the success of the early Methodist was the Class Meeting. This book draws on testimony, diary, and journal records to provide first-hand accounts of people's lives being changed through attendance at the Class Meeting and its making possible growth in grace and holiness. In the early period of Methodism the Class Meeting was the crown to Methodist identity. An analysis of the primary aims of this meeting, which gave the Methodist people their distinct characteristics, is followed by a study of the social identity and group processes that occurred when prospective members considered joining the Methodists. The decline of the Class Meeting to 1791 forms the concluding chapters, and, using three classic sociological models-Weber (routinisation), Durkheim (totemism), and Troeltsch (primary/secondary religion)-as themes, the reasons why the class became a cross are examined. Journal, diary, and testimonial material support the Methodists' declining interest in the class that led to its irrelevance for a people seeking respectability rather than an immediate encounter with God.
The World’s Cities offers instructors and students in higher education an accessible introduction to the three major perspectives influencing city-regions worldwide: City-Regions in a World System; Nested City-Regions; and The City-Region as the Engine of Economic Activity/Growth. The book provides students with helpful essays on each perspective, case studies to illustrate each major viewpoint, and discussion questions following each reading. The World’s Cities concludes with an original essay by the editor that helps students understand how an analysis incorporating a combination of theoretical perspectives and factors can provide a richer appreciation of the world’s city dynamics.
The increasing complexities of Australian local government place onerous demands on municipal managers and oblige them to continually upgrade their skills. This book examines the economic environment of contemporary local governance.
Based on the premises that Quebecers vote for independence in a referendum and Canada accepts this result, The Secession of Quebec and the Future of Canada is a timely examination of the implications of separation for Quebec and the rest of Canada.
The federal government and its policies transform Canadian cities in myriad ways. Canada in Cities examines this relationship to better understand the interplay among changing demographics, how local governments and citizens frame their arguments for federal action, and the ways in which the national government uses its power and resources to shape urban Canada. Most studies of local governance in Canada focus on politics and policy within cities. The essays in this collection turn such analysis on its head, by examining federal programs, rather than municipal ones, and observing how they influence local policies and work with regional authorities and civil societies. Through a series of case studies - ranging from federal policy concerning Aboriginal people in cities, to the introduction of the federal gas tax transfer to municipalities, to the impact of Canada's emergency management policies on cities - the contributors provide insights about how federal politics influence the local political arena. Analyzing federal actions in diverse policy fields, the authors uncover meaningful patterns of federal action and outcome in Canadian cities. A timely contribution, Canada in Cities offers a comprehensive study of diverse areas of municipal public policy that have emerged in Canada in recent years.
Anglo-Saxon Deviant Burial Customs is the first detailed consideration of the ways in which Anglo-Saxon society dealt with social outcasts. Beginning with the period following Roman rule and ending in the century following the Norman Conquest, it surveys a period of fundamental social change, which included the conversion to Christianity, the emergence of the late Saxon state, and the development of the landscape of the Domesday Book. While an impressive body of written evidence for the period survives in the form of charters and law-codes, archaeology is uniquely placed to investigate the earliest period of post-Roman society - the fifth to seventh centuries - for which documents are lacking. For later centuries, archaeological evidence can provide us with an independent assessment of the realities of capital punishment and the status of outcasts. Andrew Reynolds argues that outcast burials show a clear pattern of development in this period. In the pre-Christian centuries, 'deviant' burial remains are found only in community cemeteries, but the growth of kingship and the consolidation of territories during the seventh century witnessed the emergence of capital punishment and places of execution in the English landscape. Locally determined rites, such as crossroads burial, now existed alongside more formal execution cemeteries. Gallows were located on major boundaries, often next to highways, always in highly visible places. The findings of this pioneering national study thus have important consequences on our understanding of Anglo-Saxon society. Overall, Reynolds concludes, organized judicial behaviour was a feature of the earliest Anglo-Saxon kingdoms, rather than just the two centuries prior to the Norman Conquest.
Located at the junction of the St. Lawrence and Ottawa rivers, Montreal Island is the main contact point between French and English Canadians. Prior to Quebec's "Quiet Revolution" of the 1960s, local governments in Montreal both reflected and perpetuated the mutual isolation of French and English. Residential concentration in autonomous suburbs, together with self-contained networks of schools and social services, enabled English-speaking Montrealers to control the city's economy and to conduct their community's affairs with little regard for the French-speaking majority. The modernization of the Quebec state in the 1960s dramatically challenged this arrangement. The author demonstrates how the English-speaking politicians in cooperation with certain French-speaking allies have succeeded in preventing the wholesale adoption of ambitious schemes for metropolitan reorganization. He describes the workings of a society divided by language and ethnicity, where the pervasiveness of the politics of language impedes all plans for comprehensive metropolitan reform. This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press's mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1985.
Toward A Grand Strategy Against Terrorism is a cohesive series of essays prepared by noted academics and counterterrorism practitioners within and associated with the counterterrorism program of the George C. Marshall European Center for Security Studies. These chapters address both the use of military force and the employment of non-military tools, the role of international cooperation, and the importance of the ideological contest. Collectively, they push toward a grand strategy against terrorism. This volume makes the prudence and research and experience of the Program on Terrorism and Security Studies available to all who want to help in countering terrorism: students; those at military graduate schools; private experts on security in the business world; members of police forces and defense departments; conflict resolution experts; and many other sorts of practitioners seeking a sober and highly international approach.
People are concerned about our nation's problems and are looking for ways to help. Volunteer USA is the perfect resource, because it covers a wide range of issues: from AIDS to hunger, illiteracy, and alcohol/drugs. This is a complete sourcebook that will help readers to know what they can do to make a difference.
Too many stakeholders have neglected their duty of imagining an aspiring federal capital region for Canada. Under the auspices of the Forum of Federations, a number of persons interested in the fate of Canada’s federal capital region came together to examine the challenges facing the region and to put forward suggestions to deal with them. In this report on the brainstorming exercise conducted in January 2011, professionals, academics, and elected officials take stock of the vast array of assets on which the federal capital region can build; probe the many sources of failures in coping as effectively and creatively as one would expect with the diversity, trans-border, financial, and governance challenges; and make suggestions to ensure that the federal capital region does not remain “unimagined” in the future.
Andrew Murray was an amazingly prolific Christian writer and pastor. This book will inspire and influence readers to fill their God-ordained role a an intercessor in 31 short chapters.
Canada's last experience with national urban policy-making was in the 1970s. The authors focus on what has happened since, exploring how both our city-regions and our ideas about the urban policy-making process have changed. The authors also examine both the past and present roles of the federal government, and what it can and should do in the future. Contributors include Caroline Andrew, Paul Born (Tamarack Institute for Community Engagement, Cambridge), Kenneth Cameron (FCIP, Policy and Planning, Greater Vancouver Regional District), W. Michael Fenn, (Ontario Deputy Minister of Municipal Affairs and Housing), Pierre Filion (University of Waterloo), Katherine Graham, Pierre Hamel (Université de Montréal), Christopher Leo (University of Winnipeg), Barbara Levine (World University Service of Canada), Sherilyn MacGregor (PhD, Environmental Studies, York University), Warren Magnusson (University of Victoria), Beth Moore Milroy (Toronto Metropolitan University), Merle Nicholds (former Mayor of Kanata), Evelyn Peters (University of Saskatchewan), Susan Phillips, Valerie Preston (York University), Andrew Sancton (University of Western Ontario), Lisa Shaw (Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives), Enid Slack (Enid Slack Consulting Inc.), Sherri Torjman (Caledon Institute of Social Policy), Carolyn Whitzman (doctoral candidate, School of Geography and Geology, McMaster University), David Wolfe (University of Toronto), and Madeleine Wong (University of Wisconsin).
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