Seminar paper from the year 2002 in the subject Business economics - Business Management, Corporate Governance, grade: 9/10, Hogeschool Zeeland (Business Economics), course: Organisation/Management, language: English, abstract: Due to our group members, we were not only searching for an organisation, which is present in France and Germany, no – we were searching for an organisation with a Franco German identity. Besides, ARTE, as a European Cultural Channel, does not only focus on crosscultural communication and management within France and Germany, but also within the whole of Europe. But choosing ARTE made us deal with quite a few challenges, as ARTE is an organisation consisting of complexity and sophisticated structures. Therefore we divided our work in four parts in order to make it as understandable as possible: First, we will introduce the organisation by giving a comprehensive overview, particularly focusing on the history and the different steps of development. After the second part, the theoretical frame, we will use the third detailed part to analyse the organisation ARTE using the knowledge of the given theory. The fourth part will deal with several problems ARTE has to face with and possible advices connected with the conclusion.
An understanding of the characteristics and the ecology of soils, particularly those of forest ecosystems in the humid tropics, is central to the development of sustainable forest management systems. The present book examines the contribution that forest soil science and forest ecology can make to sustainable land use in the humid tropics. Four main issues are addressed: characteristics and classification of forest soils, chemical and hydrological changes after forest utilization, soil fertility management in forest plantations and agroforestry systems as well as ecosystem studies from the dipterocarp forest region of Southeast Asia. Additionally, case studies include work from Guyana, Costa Rica, the Philippines, Malaysia, Australia and Nigeria. The papers have been developed from presentations given at the "International Congress on Soils of Tropical Forest Ecosystems/3rd Conference on Forest Soils" held in Balikpapan, Indonesia, and will be indispensable for all concerned with forest soil science and sustainable forestry in the humid tropics.
The Dipterocarp forests of South-East Asia constitute a dominant component of the world's tropical forests. As such, they are intertwined with a Pandora's box of problems that have plagued the world for decades; Over- and underdevelopment, poverty, hunger, population growth, exploitation of natural resources, environmental degradation, loss of biodiversity, the debt crisis and, of late, climate change. The world community has responded to the crucial role of these forests and the dangers facing them with funds, and a myriad of programmers, projects, institutions, conferences and networks. Apparently neither a lack of knowledge nor finance constrains the dissipation of sustainable management practices: the fate of the world's Dipterocarp forests will certainly depend on the involvement of scientists from many nations and disciplines, but will perhaps ultimately, rest with local policymakers, forest administrators and line foresters. Unfortunately, these two groups rarely share realms, readings or reasoning: practical foresters, invariably very involved with the challenges of day-to-day forest management in remote, isolated environments, may long remain oblivious to scientific developments. Traditionally though they do find solutions to problems, gain deep insights into forest responses and practical constraints, and sometimes even report in semi-obscure publications, which rarely reach the scientific circuit.The editors of the book, both experienced forest and soil scientists and practical forest managers, have attempted to bridge the gap between the realms of forest science and practice in Dipterocarp ecology, management and utilization.
Seminar paper from the year 2002 in the subject Economics - Industrial Economics, grade: 8/10, Hogeschool Zeeland (Commercial Economics), course: Industrial Economics, language: English, abstract: “Always Coca-Cola” who does not know this catch phrase? Advertising largely influences the consumer behaviour. The aim of advertising is to push the consumer to buy and for companies it is a good way to increase their benefits and to have a well-known brand name. The advertising debate deals with the way of seeing advertising: as a mean of persuasion or as a mean of information? At first, we would analyse the meaning of advertising within the advertising debate part. Moreover, we will focus on the French and German advertising market. At last, we would compare, the different ways of Advertising in France and Germany of the product Danone Actimel. I.1. What is Advertising? There are different views: for some economists, it is a waste of money, for others, it is really important for the market economy. Advertising is useful when the potential market is important. There are different kinds of advertising: [...] The three goals of advertising are: - to introduce a product on the market, - to compare a product with another by highlighting this one, - to inform the consumers. Advertising is not the only way to promote a product; there are also other means as employing more salesmen, improving the packaging, extending the wholesale and increasing the margins. If you look at the table below, you can see that USA and UK are spending much more money on advertising than the other countries. [...]
Seminar paper from the year 2002 in the subject Law - European and International Law, Intellectual Properties, grade: 9/10, Hogeschool Zeeland (Law/Recht), course: European Law, language: English, abstract: With the European Union and the growing importance of Media, it is quite obvious to think of a European Channel, which could bring different European cultures, interests and peoples together. As one can look at this complex topic from many different angles, we would like to divide our work into three parts in order to make it as structured and as understandable as possible. The first part consists of guidelines, regulations and restrictions by the European Union, discussing the different interest of the European Union and the individual Member States concerning media issues. In the second part we introduce two former European TV projects, which failed because of several problems, such as cultural differences. Finally we focus on ARTE, the Franco-German corporation, which is an example of cross-cultural communication within Europe by creating a European cultural channel. We give a short overview and discuss the difficulties, which can rise because of intercultural differences. Throughout the paper we try to get to an answer whether European TV is an Opportunity or an Illusion?
Through analyzing the implementation of a series of European Court of Justice rulings in the key member states of Germany, France and the UK, The End of Territoriality brings the high impact issue of policy changes to the foreground. The time sequencing of such changes is traced and scrutinized through a detailed investigation by Obermaier, followed by a comprehensive illustration on the full impact the policy amendments have had on the welfare states. By drawing extensively on original sources and new material, this volume will be of key interest to those studying and working within social policy, welfare, political sociology, and European law.
This book summarises for the first time all relevant methodologies for type-based flood statistics, introduces the basis of flood typology and makes them accessible to the user. Flood types improve the understanding of the flood-generating processes and characterise the flood event in terms of its features such as peak, volume and hydrograph shape. In addition, they can also significantly expand the information used in flood statistics and add valuable flood characteristics to the determination of design floods, especially the determination of flood scenarios relevant for reservoir management. A detailed framework with all aspects of point and spatial statistics as well as regionalisation is presented, and examples illustrate the benefit of the proposed methodology. The target audience is both users in associations and engineering offices, as type-based statistics are increasingly becoming part of the specifications, and researchers, as this is a current field of research.
Organic contaminants even in very low concentrations can have toxic and ecotoxic effects on exposed organisms. Detection and quantification of such trace amounts in diverging matrices (e.g., water, air, soil, food, tissue, organisms) is challenging and great carefulness and strategic thinking is needed to get reliable results along the way from taking samples up to the final analysis. In the 2nd edition, besides revisions of existing chapters, new analytical technologies and recent application examples are presented: non-target mass spectrometric analysis, trace analysis of per- and polyfluoroalkylated "forever chemicals", organophosphorus esters (nerve agents), and micro- and nanoplastic particles in the environment. Students will learn about peculiarities and state of the art organic trace analysis and acquire basic and advanced principles of statistical evaluation of analytical results quality control strategies and good laboratory practices sampling techniques from various matrices sample treatment, enrichment and clean-up techniques chromatographic analyses including hyphenated techniques, and spectroscopy as well mass spectrometry and bioanalytical tools. An extended chapter on selected applications will transfer the theoretical understanding into applied scientific problems. Students will profit from a comprehensive and state of the art overview of organic trace analyses and from an extensive collection of relevant literature.
Over the past years, knowledge-intensive industries have gained significant importance as economic factor, giving rise to professional service firms (PSFs) such as law firms, accounting firms, or consultancies. Following this development, the research interest especially in the strategies pursued by PSFs has grown substantially. However, past research focused mainly on strategies of established, mature PSFs, leaving academics as well as potential entrepreneurs without guidance on what newly founded, entrepreneurial PSFs should pay attention to in order to ensure lasting competitive advantages. Based on an explorative grounded theory analysis of two outstanding commercial law firm spin-offs in Germany, this work advances the research in this field. In addition to a detailed case study report, it offers a comprehensive theoretical framework and argues that PSFs have to employ a set of seven specific entrepreneurial strategies – including for example service delivery, people development, and client acquisition strategies – in order to successfully manage the entrepreneurial phase. In providing examples for the growing PSF industry, the findings on commercial law firm spin-offs also inform entrepreneurship research in other professions
Prior to World War I, Britain was at the center of global relations, utilizing tactics of diplomacy as it broke through the old alliances of European states. Historians have regularly interpreted these efforts as a reaction to the aggressive foreign policy of the German Empire. However, as Between Empire and Continent demonstrates, British foreign policy was in fact driven by a nexus of intra-British, continental and imperial motivations. Recreating the often heated public sphere of London at the turn of the twentieth century, this groundbreaking study carefully tracks the alliances, conflicts, and political maneuvering from which British foreign and security policy were born.
High-altitude pseudo-satellites currently require large crews of highly trained personnel. In order for these platforms to become commercially viable, it is imperative that mission-level tasks are automated in a mission management system, while maintaining flight safety. The new method of behavior trees is investigated for this purpose and extended with proper initialization, continuous-time processing, and modular stateful tasks. The approach is implemented in the Modelica environment and evaluated in a complex mission Simulation.
The Hanoverian succession of 1714 brought about a 123-year union between Britain and the German electorate of Hanover, ushering in a distinct new period in British history. Under the four Georges and William IV Britain became arguably the most powerful nation in the world with a growing colonial Empire, a muscular economy and an effervescent artistic, social and scientific culture. And yet history has not tended to be kind to the Hanoverians, frequently portraying them as petty-minded and boring monarchs presiding over a dull and inconsequential court, merely the puppets of parliament and powerful ministers. In order both to explain and to challenge such a paradox, this collection looks afresh at the Georgian monarchs and their role, influence and legacy within Britain, Hanover and beyond. Concentrating on the self-representation and the perception of the Hanoverians in their various dominions, each chapter shines new light on important topics: from rivalling concepts of monarchical legitimacy and court culture during the eighteenth century to the multi-confessional set-up of the British composite monarchy and the role of social groups such as the military, the Anglican Church and the aristocracy in defining and challenging the political order. As a result, the volume uncovers a clearly defined new style of Hanoverian kingship, one that emphasized the Protestantism of the dynasty, laid great store by rational government in close collaboration with traditional political powers, embraced army and navy to an unheard of extent and projected this image to audiences on the British Isles, in the German territories and in the colonies alike. Three hundred years after the succession of the first Hanoverian king, an intriguing new perspective of a dynasty emerges, challenging long held assumptions and prejudices.
In Strategies of Compliance with the European Court of Human Rights, Andreas von Staden looks at the nature of human rights challenges in two enduring liberal democracies—Germany and the United Kingdom. Employing an ambitious data set that covers the compliance status of all European Court of Human Rights judgments rendered until 2015, von Staden presents a cross-national overview of compliance that illustrates a strong correlation between the quality of a country's democracy and the rate at which judgments have met compliance. Tracing the impact of violations in Germany and the United Kingdom specifically, he details how governments, legislators, and domestic judges responded to the court's demands for either financial compensation or changes to laws, policies, and practices. Framing his analysis in the context of the long-standing international relations debate between rationalists who argue that actions are dictated by an actor's preferences and cost-benefit calculations, and constructivists, who emphasize the influence of norms on behavior, von Staden argues that the question of whether to comply with a judgment needs to be analyzed separately from the question of how to comply. According to von Staden, constructivist reasoning best explains why Germany and the United Kingdom are motivated to comply with the European Court of Human Rights judgments, while rationalist reasoning in most cases accounts for how these countries bring their laws, policies, and practices into sufficient compliance for their cases to be closed. When complying with adverse decisions while also exploiting all available options to minimize their domestic impact, liberal democracies are thus both norm-abiding and rational-instrumentalist at the same time—in other words, they choose their compliance strategies rationally within the normative constraint of having to comply with the Court's judgments.
Andreas Wimmer argues that nationalist and ethnic politics have shaped modern societies to a far greater extent than has been acknowledged by social scientists. The modern state governs in the name of a people defined in ethnic and national terms. Democratic participation, equality before the law and protection from arbitrary violence were offered only to the ethnic group in a privileged relationship with the emerging nation-state. Depending on circumstances, the dynamics of exclusion took on different forms. Where nation building was successful , immigrants and ethnic minorities are excluded from full participation; they risk being targets of xenophobia and racism. In weaker states, political closure proceeded along ethnic, rather than national lines and leads to corresponding forms of conflict and violence. In chapters on Mexico, Iraq and Switzerland, Wimmer provides extended case studies that support and contextualise this argument.
This book focuses on the main constituent of the Bild theory of sentences in Wittgenstein’s Tractatus: the term ‘object’. One of the things that attracts the reader of the Tractatus is that while there is use of the notion ‘object’, the notion is not specified. This book explains: (a) why the term ‘object’ in the Tractatus is unclear; (b) what difficulties and problems result because of this lack of clarity in the Tractatus; (c) why the term ‘object’ might be left unclear on purpose; and (d) how the paradoxical Tractatus continues functioning in a certain way. Having in mind all of the above, this book introduces the idea of a movement from a theory of language towards a kind of mysticism. It will appeal to scholars interested in the philosophy of language and more specifically in Wittgenstein’s Tractatus.
IT controlling is established as a tool for controlling information technology. The job description of the IT controller has changed only moderately over a long period of time. It was mainly associated with IT budgeting, IT portfolio management, IT cost planning, accounting and controlling. However, digitalization has brought movement in goals, contents and methods. New topics such as digital strategy management, cloud controlling, data science, etc. are being discussed. The task profile is changing away from pure IT cost analysis to the management of the digitization strategy with a focus on strategic IT portfolio management. Some voices are already talking about "smart controlling" or "digital controlling". This book presents an IT controlling concept for the digital age and explains the relevant methods in a practical way.
Thank you for visiting our website. Would you like to provide feedback on how we could improve your experience?
This site does not use any third party cookies with one exception — it uses cookies from Google to deliver its services and to analyze traffic.Learn More.