Global navigation satellite systems provide ranging based positioning and timing services. The use of the periodic carrier-phase signals is the key to fast and accurate solutions, given that the inherent ambiguities of the carrier-phase measurements are correctly resolved. The idea of partial ambiguity resolution is to resolve a subset of all ambiguities, which enables faster solutions but does not fully exploit the high precision of the carrier-phase measurements. Theory, methods, and algorithms for partial ambiguity resolution are discussed and analyzed with simulated and real data.
This book synthesises several studies on the potential global impacts of two fundamental international policy initiatives: (i) multilateral agreements on climate protection strategies and (ii) trade agreements towards global trade liberalisation. Although these initiatives are not directly linked, they interrelate in subtle, yet important ways. Based on theoretical analyses and numerical simulations, the book provides guidelines on efficient strategies for climate change mitigation, implementing the framework of the Kyoto Protocol and the provided flexibility instruments, hereby accounting for interrelationships with existing and possible trade agreements on various levels. The analyses incorporate important real-world features, such as imperfect market structures, trade liberalisation settings, risk or transaction costs, that may substantially influence the magnitude and even the sign of policy impacts.
Organic contaminants even in very low concentrations can have toxic and ecotoxic effects on exposed organisms. Detection and quantification of such trace amounts in diverging matrices (e.g., water, air, soil, food, tissue, organisms) is challenging and great carefulness and strategic thinking is needed to get reliable results along the way from taking samples up to the final analysis. In the 2nd edition, besides revisions of existing chapters, new analytical technologies and recent application examples are presented: non-target mass spectrometric analysis, trace analysis of per- and polyfluoroalkylated "forever chemicals", organophosphorus esters (nerve agents), and micro- and nanoplastic particles in the environment. Students will learn about peculiarities and state of the art organic trace analysis and acquire basic and advanced principles of statistical evaluation of analytical results quality control strategies and good laboratory practices sampling techniques from various matrices sample treatment, enrichment and clean-up techniques chromatographic analyses including hyphenated techniques, and spectroscopy as well mass spectrometry and bioanalytical tools. An extended chapter on selected applications will transfer the theoretical understanding into applied scientific problems. Students will profit from a comprehensive and state of the art overview of organic trace analyses and from an extensive collection of relevant literature.
Inhaltsangabe:Abstract: Information companies are sociotechnological, targeted and open systems with at least one strategic business unit (SBU) that sells or rents (digital) information products. Operational activities are carried out in business units. Strategies define the broad directions for the system and for its subsystems. Visions are the targets of strategies, and specific, measurable, achievable, result-oriented and time-based (SMART) objectives need to be defined to give systems that possess a degree of inertia a concrete, measurable direction. In this thesis, both a bottom-up and a top-down approach to strategy will be taken. As an example for a bottom-up approach, a sequential, parallel, customer-oriented business strategy for the management of digital information products, a strategy that can be implemented through customer involvement in the product lifecycle, and through customer integration in the supply chain, will be elaborated. This strategy is best induced by a preceding timely shift towards (radical) product and process innovation, a limited punctuation of a long-term equilibrium of customer orientation and incremental innovation. Hybrid strategies like the one presented in this thesis are built on modular, independent and homogenous subsystems that communicate, collaborate, compete and finally agree on joint activities, manifested in plans that then are implemented by the actors involved in order to achieve the various primary and secondary objectives on the way towards a greater, common vision. Simultaneous hybrid strategies are a top-down or abstract view on this whole system. As simultaneous hybrid strategies possess a degree of ambiguity or even impossibility because they hide implementation details of the system, the ambiguity needs to be handled on the operational level when a hybrid strategy is implemented. Ambiguity can be resolved by introducing priorities for strategic objectives, by parallelizing strategy execution in regard to system structure, or by sequentializing strategy execution in regard to time. A top-level strategy first of all is responsibility, responsibility for the lower levels of organizational hierarchy. After the introduction, chapter 2 starts with the definition of central strategic terms. Then, the options for business strategies and hybrid strategies in the context of information companies are sketched. Chapter 3 essentially describes the theory of the product lifecycle, which can be [...]
This important timely publication is a photographic guide which facilitates recognition of poisonous fungi and treatment methods. The authors of this full color atlas maintain that the best protection against poisoning by fungi is a detailed knowledge of the fungi themselves. The recent surge of interest in collecting fungi makes this thorough and beautiful illustrated synthesis of current knowledge of their dangers especially timely. It includes information on the culinary preparation of fungi and how to deal with cases of poisoning. It presents in detail fungal taxonomy, chemistry, pharmacology, toxicology, and medicine. The information assists readers in understanding the toxic substances present in each case, the degree of toxicity of each fungus and likely effects on the victim. This informative volume is important for accident and emergency doctors and nurses, general practitioners and physicians, pharmacologists, pharmacists, toxicologists, poison control center personnel and biologists.
The Norwegian Arctic archipelago of Spitsbergen (locally referred to as Svalbard) is an antidote to modern-day life. Svalbard: The Bradt Travel Guide introduces ecotravelers to this fascinating part of the world; its intriguing land features, and the magical display of northern lights make it ideal for cruises, wilderness exploration, wildlife watching, and extreme sports. The guide is packed with essential information on travel preparations and local knowledge for those braving the Arctic elements. This guide features: >All the islands of the region that make up Svalbard territory, including Franz Josef Land and the tiny volcanic island of Jan Mayen >Nature and conservation, including polar bears, Arctic foxes, reindeer, and migratory birds >A survival guide to the Arctic with advice on getting outfitted for exploration >Getting there and traveling around, cruise options and internal travel by skidoos and sleds >A wide range of sports, including climbing, hiking, trekking, skiing, riding, and hunting >A background to the climate and geology of the region
This book contains a comprehensive treatment of advanced LaTeX features. The focus is on the development of high quality documents and presentations, by revealing powerful insights into the LaTeX language. The well-established advantages of the typesetting system LaTeX are the preparation and publication of platform-independent high-quality documents and automatic numbering and cross-referencing of illustrations or references. These can be extended beyond the typical applications, by creating highly dynamic electronic documents. This is commonly performed in connection with the portable document format (PDF), as well as other programming tools which allow the development of extremely flexible electronic documents.
A lucid explanation of the basics of S-PLUS at a level suitable for users with little computing or statistical knowledge. Unlike the S-PLUS manuals, the book does not strive to be comprehensive, but instead introduces the most important ideas of S-PLUS through the use of many examples. Each chapter includes a collection of exercises that are accompanied by fully worked-out solutions and detailed comments, and the whole is rounded off with practical hints on how to work efficiently in S-PLUS, making it well-suited for both self-study and as a textbook. This second edition has been updated to incorporate the completely revised S Language and its implementation in S-PLUS, while new chapters have been added to explain the Windows GUI, how to explore relationships in data using the powerful Trellis graphics system, and how to understand and use object-oriented programming. In addition, the programming chapter has been extended to cover some of the more technical but important aspects of S-PLUS.
In this New Studies in Biblical Theology volume, Andreas J. Köstenberger and Scott R. Swain provide a thorough biblical survey and theological treatment of the three persons of the Godhead in John's Gospel.
Details the many benefits of applying mass spectrometry to supramolecular chemistry Except as a method for the most basic measurements, mass spectrometry (MS) has long been considered incompatible with supramolecular chemistry. Yet, with today's methods, the disconnect between these two fields is not warranted. Mass Spectrometry and Gas-Phase Chemistry of Non-Covalent Complexes provides a convincing look at how modern MS techniques offer supramolecular chemists a powerful investigatory toolset. Bringing the two fields together in an interdisciplinary manner, this reference details the many different topics associated with the study of non-covalent complexes in the gas phase. The text begins with brief introductions to supramolecular chemistry and such relevant mass spectrometric methods as ionization techniques, analyzers, and tandem MS experiments. The coverage continues with: How the analyte's transition into the gas phase changes covalent bonding How limitations and pitfalls in analytical methods may produce data misinterpretations Artificial supramolecular aggregates and their examination Biomolecules, their complexes, and their examination After the general remarks making up the first section of the book, the following sections describe specific experimental procedures and are illustrated with numerous examples and short tutorials. Detailed citations end each chapter. Mass spectrometrists, supramolecular chemists, students in these fields, and interested readers from other disciplines involving the study of non-covalent bonds will all value Mass Spectrometry and Gas-Phase Chemistry of Non-Covalent Complexes as an innovative and practical resource.
The second edition of this classic text book has been completely revised, updated, and extended to include chapters on biomimetic amination reactions, Wacker oxidation, and useful domino reactions. The first-class author team with long-standing experience in practical courses on organic chemistry covers a multitude of preparative procedures of reaction types and compound classes indispensable in modern organic synthesis. Throughout, the experiments are accompanied by the theoretical and mechanistic fundamentals, while the clearly structured sub-chapters provide concise background information, retrosynthetic analysis, information on isolation and purification, analytical data as well as current literature citations. Finally, in each case the synthesis is labeled with one of three levels of difficulty. An indispensable manual for students and lecturers in chemistry, organic chemists, as well as lab technicians and chemists in the pharmaceutical and agrochemical industries.
Life innovates constantly, producing perfectly adapted species – but there’s a catch. A TIMES AND TELEGRAPH BEST BOOK OF 2023 'Hopeful and fascinating.' THE TIMES Many animals and plants eke out seemingly unremarkable lives. Passive, constrained, modest, threatened. Then, in a blink of evolutionary time, they flourish spectacularly. Once we start to look, these ‘sleeping beauties’ crop up everywhere. But why? Looking at the book of life, from apex predators to keystone crops, and informed by his own cutting-edge experiments, renowned scientist Andreas Wagner demonstrates that innovations can come frequently and cheaply to nature, well before they are needed. We have found prehistoric bacteria that harbour the remarkable ability to fight off 21st-century antibiotics. And human history fits the pattern too, as life-changing technologies are invented only to be forgotten, languishing in the shadows before they finally take off. In probing the mysteries of these sleeping beauties, Wagner reveals a crucial part of nature’s rich and strange tapestry.
In the last two decades extraordinary progress in the experimental handling of single quantum objects has spurred theoretical research into investigating the coupling between quantum systems and their environment. Decoherence, the gradual deterioration of entanglement due to dissipation and noise fed into the system by the environment, has emerged as a central concept. The present set of lectures is intended as a high-level, but self-contained, introduction into the fields of quantum noise and dissipation. In particular their influence on decoherence and applications pertaining to quantum information and quantum communication are studied, leading the nonspecialist researchers and the advanced students gradually to the forefront of research.
It presents a new approach to set fish quota based on holistic ecosystem modeling (the CoastWeb-model) and also a plan to optimize a sustainable management of the Baltic Sea including a cost-benefit analysis. This plan accounts for the production of prey and predatory fish under different environmental conditions, professional fishing, recreational fishing and fish cage farm production plus an analysis of associated economic values. Several scenarios and remedial strategies for Baltic Sea management are discussed and an "optimal" strategy motivated and presented, which challenges the HELCOM strategy that was accepted by the Baltic States in November 2007. The strategy advocated in this book would create more than 7000 new jobs, the total value of the fish production would be about 1600 million euro per year plus 1000 million euro per year related to the willingness-to-pay to combat the present conditions in the Baltic Sea. Our strategy would cost about 370 million euro whereas the HELCOM strategy would cost about 3100 million euro per year. The "optimal" strategy is based on a defined goal - that the water clarity in the Gulf of Finland should return to what it was 100 years ago.
Did King Alfred the Great commission the Old English translation of Bede’s Historia Ecclesiastica Gentis Anglorum, probably the masterpiece of medieval Anglo-Latin Literature, as part of his famous program of translation to educate the Anglo-Saxons? Was the Old English Historia, by any chance, a political and religious manifesto for the emerging ‘Kingdom of the Anglo-Saxons’? Do we deal with the literary cornerstone of a nascent English identity at a time when the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms were threatened by a common enemy: the Vikings? Andreas Lemke seeks to answer these questions – among others – in his recent publication. He presents us with a unique compendium of interdisciplinary approaches to the subject and sheds new light on the Old English translation of the Historia in a way that will fascinate scholars of Literature, Language, Philology and History.
Quantum Chromodynamics is a thorough introduction for students in theoretical physics and scientists needing a reference and exercise book in this field. The book presents the necessary mathematical tools together with many examples and worked problems. In introductory chapters the reader becomes familiar with the hadron spectrum, while the SU(N) symmetry groups and the relativistic field theory are briefly recapitulated; then a discussion of scalar quantum electrodynamics and scattering reactions follow before gauge quark-quark interactions, perturbational QCD, renormalization groups, and tests of pertubational QCD are all treated in detail. Chapters on non-perturbational QCD and quasi-phenomenological applications conclude the text.
Contemporary society has seen an unprecedented rise in both the demand and the desire to be creative, to bring something new into the world. Once the reserve of artistic subcultures, creativity has now become a universal model for culture and an imperative in many parts of society. In this new book, cultural sociologist Andreas Reckwitz investigates how the ideal of creativity has grown into a major social force, from the art of the avant-garde and postmodernism to the ‘creative industries’ and the innovation economy, the psychology of creativity and self-growth, the media representation of creative stars, and the urban design of ‘creative cities’. Where creativity is often assumed to be a force for good, Reckwitz looks critically at how this imperative has developed from the 1970s to the present day. Though we may well perceive creativity as the realization of some natural and innate potential within us, it has rather to be understood within the structures of a very specific culture of the new in late modern society. The Invention of Creativity is a bold and refreshing counter to conventional wisdom that shows how our age is defined by radical and restrictive processes of social aestheticization. It will be of great interest to those working in a variety of disciplines, from cultural and social theory to art history and aesthetics.
Das klassische Lehrbuch wurde überarbeitet und aktualisiert; mehr als 40 Prozent des Inhalts ist neu! Beibehalten wurde das bewährte Ordnungsschema (nach der Ringgröße); neue Kapitel befassen sich mit kondensierten Heterocyclen und speziellen Fragen der Nomenklatur. Enthält knapp 1000 neu aufgenommene Literaturhinweise.
In a clear style the most important ideas of S-PLUS are introduced through the use of many examples. Each chapter includes a collection of exercises, fully worked-out solutions and detailed comments.
Unlike in the related area of bioinformatics, few books currently exist that document the techniques, tools, and algorithms of chemoinformatics. Bringing together worldwide experts in the field, the Handbook of Chemoinformatics Algorithms provides an overview of the most common chemoinformatics algorithms in a single source.After a historical persp
Mittlerweile nutzen alle so genannten Life Sciences (z.B. Pharma- und Ernährungswissenschaften) die Möglichkeiten der Biokatalyse. Auch das Interesse der verarbeitenden Industrie an umweltverträglichen Prozessen wächst stetig. Da kommt es nicht von ungefähr, dass die Erforschung von Biokatalysatoren weiter vorangeschritten ist als die anderer Katalysatorentypen. Biocatalysis gibt einen aktuellen Überblick über das Wissen in diesem Gebiet, von den theoretischen Grundlagen bis hin zu Anwendungen und einem Ausblick in die Zukunft. Bommarius und Riebel geht es in ihrem Buch nicht nur um Reaktionen, Produkte und Prozesse im Zusammenhang mit biologischen Katalysen und Katalysatoren. Sie erläutern auch den Prozess der Entwicklung und Verbesserung von Biokatalysatoren. Dabei schenken sie den Bereichen Chemie, Biologie und Biotechnologie die gleiche Aufmerksamkeit, so dass ihr Buch für Praktiker und Studenten aus allen drei Bereichen von Nutzen ist. Biocatalysis gliedert sich in die Abschnitte "Grundlagen und Basis-Tools", "Fortgeschrittene Tools" sowie "Anwendungen". Im ersten Teil gehen die Autoren unter anderem auf die Stellung der Biokatalyse in der Biotechnologie ein, beschreiben Isolierung und Vorbereitung von Mikroorganismen und stellen molekularbiologische Tools für die Biokatalyse vor. Teil II beschreibt zum Beispiel die Enzymherstellung sowie Methoden zur Protein-Untersuchung und beschäftigt sich mit pharmazeutischen Anwendungen der Biokatalyse und der Bioinformatik. Im letzten Abschnitt geht es schließlich um künstliche Enzyme, das Design biokatalytischer Prozesse und um neue Möglichkeiten, die sich durch den Einsatz der Bioinformatik eröffnen.
The future of English linguistics as envisaged by the editors of Topics in English Linguistics lies in empirical studies which integrate work in English linguistics into general and theoretical linguistics on the one hand, and comparative linguistics on the other. The TiEL series features volumes that present interesting new data and analyses, and above all fresh approaches that contribute to the overall aim of the series, which is to further outstanding research in English linguistics.
This book provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of knowledge concerning neuropathologies resulting from drug abuse. The first chapters offer readers detailed information on the neurobiological basics of drug abuse and the results of neuroimaging studies in drug abusers. The focus of the book is on neuropathological findings in drug abusers for the predominant substances, which include cannabis, opiates, cocaine, amphetamine, methamphetamine and a broad spectrum of designer drugs. These findings are supported by histological illustrations and discussed in connection with recent scientific publications. A chapter specifically addressing clinicians is also included, and highlights the implications for further therapy. The book is essential reading for neuropathologists, neurologists, neuroradiologists and psychiatrists, as well as other health professionals and scientists interested and engaged in the problem of drug abuse. Although a great deal of data has been derived from animal models and from human neuroimaging studies, little is known about the morphological effects of drug abuse on the human brain. In recent years, fundamental drug-induced effects on the cellular elements of the brain have been detected. These alterations might not only be the substrate of the neuroimaging data but might also have implications for clinical research and therapy. In addition, drug abuse may induce premature neurodegeneration.
Seminar paper from the year 2005 in the subject Business economics - Banking, Stock Exchanges, Insurance, Accounting, grade: 1,3, European Business School - International University Schloß Reichartshausen Oestrich-Winkel (Supply Management Institute, Lehrstuhl fuer Supply Management und Logistik), language: English, abstract: Business Process Outsourcing (BPO) is one of the current major developments in the European economy. For many companies, it is a possibility for establishing a new pres-ence in a different industry or branch. One example for this trend is the fact that Kienbaum Management Service GmbH offers BPO services in the field of document logistics. Besides establishing a new presence in new markets, BPO also leads to significant cost reductions and quality of service improvements. Therefore it is an important strategic tool for the European financial sector which has experienced increasing costs and shrinking margins during the last ten years. This seminar paper focuses principally on BPO in the European financial sector. Therefore, other industries are only relevant in comparisons with the European financial sector. To highlight the current European de-velopment from diversified banks to specialized financial institutions, transaction bank-ing is explained as one of the specialized banking forms with the highest growth rate during the next years. An emphasis is also set in this paper on document logistics in the European financial sector and BPO possibilities in this field. The field of document lo-gistics in the financial sector is not heavily researched. Therefore academic publications in this field are of high interest for the academic community as well as for professionals managing document logistics. After a foreword in chapter one, chapters two and three focus on the introduction to the European financial sector and BPO and include basic definitions. After that, chapter four includes the main part of this seminar paper and puts an emphasis on
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