Annotation Robots are being used in increasingly complicated and demanding tasks, often in environments that are complex or even hostile. Underwater, space and volcano exploration are just some of the activities that robots are taking part in, mainly because the environments that are being explored are dangerous for humans. Robots can also inhabit dynamic environments, for example to operate among humans, not just in factories, but also taking on more active roles. Recently, for instance, they have made their way into the home entertainment market. Given the variety of situations that robots will be placed in, learning becomes increasingly important. Robot learning is essentially about equipping robots with the capacity to improve their behaviour over time, based on their incoming experiences. The papers in this volume present a variety of techniques. Each paper provides a mini-introduction to a subfield of robot learning. Some also give a fine introduction to the field of robot learning as a whole. Thereis one unifying aspect to the work reported in the book, namely its interdisciplinary nature, especially in the combination of robotics, computer science and biology. This approach has two important benefits: first, the study of learning in biological systems can provide robot learning scientists and engineers with valuable insights into learning mechanisms of proven functionality and versatility; second, computational models of learning in biological systems, and their implementation in simulated agents and robots, can provide researchers of biological systems with a powerful platform for the development and testing of learning theories.
Conformal invariants (conformally invariant tensors, conformally covariant differential operators, conformal holonomy groups etc.) are of central significance in differential geometry and physics. Well-known examples of such operators are the Yamabe-, the Paneitz-, the Dirac- and the twistor operator. The aim of the seminar was to present the basic ideas and some of the recent developments around Q-curvature and conformal holonomy. The part on Q-curvature discusses its origin, its relevance in geometry, spectral theory and physics. Here the influence of ideas which have their origin in the AdS/CFT-correspondence becomes visible. The part on conformal holonomy describes recent classification results, its relation to Einstein metrics and to conformal Killing spinors, and related special geometries.
Based on a 12-year long project, this book demonstrates the contested character of the communicative construction of Europe. It does so by combining an investigation of journalistic practices with content analysis of print media, an examination of citizens' online interactions and audience studies with European citizens.
The European Spatial Development Perspective (ESDP) is published in eleven official EU languages and so is the most international planning policy document that exists. This book is the only comprehensive account of the process of preparing, negotiating and adopting this document. It outlines the differing perspectives of the European member states and shows that the last thing its proponents wanted is a masterplan. The Making of the European Spatial Development Perspective is a unique book offering a snapshot of contemporary European spatial planning.
This book analyses the types of and possibilities for care in social work with families in situations where evidence-based programmes, standardised forms of risk-assessment and intervention, performance management and incentives to increase cost-effectiveness take precedence. Offering a new framework for understanding and exploring theories and practices of care in social work with families, it is structured into • A comprehensive introduction to care theory and its relevance for social work. This includes critical reflections on "the missing link" between care theory and social work theory and the need for care theory in research on and social work with families. • A new framework for understanding core elements, dimensions and dilemmas of care in social work. This is based in theory and international research and is illustrated with exemplary "thick" ethnographic cases of statutory social work, homebased social work and family treatment. • Suggestions for enabling social change of the conditions for and practices of care in social work with families. By allowing critical reflection on this topic, this book will be of interest to all scholars, students and academics of social work and other professions dealing with child protection.
Andreas Bihlmaier describes a novel method to model dynamic spatial relations by machine learning techniques. The method is applied to the task of representing the tacit knowledge of a trained camera assistant in minimally-invasive surgery. The model is then used for intraoperative control of a robot that autonomously positions the endoscope. Furthermore, a modular robotics platform is described, which forms the basis for this knowledge-based assistance system. Promising results from a complex phantom study are presented.
How can technology-enhanced tasks be used to support oral communication in heterogeneous English as a Foreign Language (EFL) primary classrooms? This study explores pre-service and in-service teachers' cognitions on the use of technologyenhanced foreign language learning tasks in the young learners' classroom. The study investigates the aspects of technology-enhanced tasks that participants consider as having a relevant impact on the development of learners' oral communicative competence, the criteria participants consider relevant for the design of such tasks in ways that cater for the needs of heterogeneous groups, and the support participants consider helpful in order to create and implement such tasks. Data were collected by carrying out three small-scale technology-enhanced projects in EFL primary school classrooms in the German federal state of Baden-Württemberg. The findings suggest that technology-enhanced tasks are well suited to supporting heterogeneous groups of primary school children in speaking English. Andreas Kullick has taught at primary and secondary schools and has also worked as a teacher trainer in English language teaching. He holds a PhD from the University of Education in Schwäbisch Gmünd and has been a Senior Lecturer in English Language Teaching at the University of Augsburg since February 2024.
A new economy is emerging. An economy that is transforming the fundamental rules of business. An economy based on exploiting knowledge and innovation. An economy where knowledge is the main source of wealth for regions, nations, enter prises and people. This new economy is based on economic values far removed from those of the industrial economy. Value has shifted towards intangibles and in particular towards increasing value by incorporating knowledge into services and products. The advent of this new economy is rapidly changing the role and structure of global business. Winning enterprises are those best able to harness the benefits and opportunities of information and communication technology, capitalize on their knowledge base and move at the speed of the market. Knowledge management lies at the heart of the European Community's competi tiveness strategy. The European Commission facilitates and supports applied research in knowledge management through its Information Society Technologies (1ST) programme, a major theme of research and technological development within the European Union's Research and Technology Development Framework Programme. Specifically, the New Methods of Work and Electronic Commerce action of the 1ST programme supports long-term applied research in areas combin ing technological innovation with new work practices and advanced business and work models.
One of the most challenging components of an optical coherent communication system are the integrated circuits (ICs) that process the received signals or condition the transmit signals. We discuss implementation aspects of these ICs and their main building blocks, as data converters, baseband signal processing, forward error correction, and interfacing. We highlight selected implementation details for some baseband signal processing blocks of a coherent receiver. The latest generation of coherent ICs also supports advanced forward error correction techniques based on soft decisions. We introduce circuits for encoding and decoding low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes and show how to evaluate different forward error correction schemes based on a set of recorded measurement data.
This book is the fifth official archival publication devoted to RoboCup. It documents the achievements presented at the 5th Robot World Cup Soccer Games and Conferences held in Seattle, Washington, USA, in August 2001. The book contains the following parts: introduction, champion teams, challenge award finalists, technical papers, poster presentations, and team descriptions (arranged according to various leagues). This book is mandatory reading for the rapidly growing RoboCup community as well as a valuable source of references and inspiration for R&D professionals interested in multi-agent systems, distributed artificial intelligence, and intelligent robotics.
This book is the fourth offical archival publication devoted to RoboCup and documents the achievements presented at the Fourth Robot World Cup Soccer Games and Conferences, RoboCup 2000, held in Melbourne, Australia, in August/September 2000. The book presents the following parts: introductory overview and survey, championship papers by the winners of the competitions, finalist papers for the RoboCup challenge awards, papers and posters presented at the workshop, team description of a large number of participating teams. This book is mandatory reading for the rapidly growing RoboCup community as well as a valuable source of reference and inspiration for R & D professionals interested in multi-agent systems, distributed artificial intelligence, and intelligent robotics.
Robot learning is a broad and interdisciplinary area. This holds with regard to the basic interests and the scienti c background of the researchers involved, as well as with regard to the techniques and approaches used. The interests that motivate the researchers in this eld range from fundamental research issues, such as how to constructively understand intelligence, to purely application o- ented work, such as the exploitation of learning techniques for industrial robotics. Given this broad scope of interests, it is not surprising that, although AI and robotics are usually the core of the robot learning eld, disciplines like cog- tive science, mathematics, social sciences, neuroscience, biology, and electrical engineering have also begun to play a role in it. In this way, its interdisciplinary character is more than a mere fashion, and leads to a productive exchange of ideas. One of the aims of EWLR-6 was to foster this exchange of ideas and to f- ther boost contacts between the di erent scienti c areas involved in learning robots. EWLR is, traditionally, a \European Workshop on Learning Robots". Nevertheless, the organizers of EWLR-6 decided to open up the workshop to non-European research as well, and included in the program committee we- known non-European researchers. This strategy proved to be successful since there was a strong participation in the workshop from researchers outside - rope, especially from Japan, which provided new ideas and lead to new contacts.
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