When can the Executive manipulate the composition of a Court? What political factors explain judicial instability on the bench? Using original field data from Argentina's National Supreme Court and all twenty-four Provincial Supreme Courts, Andrea Castagnola develops a novel theory to explain forced retirements of judges. She argues that in developing democracies the political benefits of manipulating the court outweigh the costs associated with doing so. The instability of the political context and its institutions causes politicians to focus primarily on short-term goals and to care mostly about winning elections. Consequently, judiciaries become a valuable tool for politicians to have under their control. Contrary to the predictions of strategic retirement theory, Castagnola demonstrates that there are various institutional and non-institutional mechanisms for induced retirement which politicians have used against justices, regardless of the amount of support their party has in Congress. The theoretical innovations contained herein shed much needed light on the existing literature on judicial politics and democratization. Even though the political manipulation of courts is a worldwide phenomenon, previous studies have shown that Argentina is the theory-generating case for studying manipulation of high courts.
This exhaustive text covers all aspects of diagnosis and endovascular treatment of neurological and neurosurgical diseases of the pediatric central nervous system starting from their in utero expression. It also includes the vascular malformations of each district and their endovascular treatment. Besides the "normal" imaging techniques the advanced techniques (spectroscopy, diffusion, perfusion, and functional imaging) are covered in detail. Several topics that are often only superficially dealt with in other books are herewith covered in outstanding detail. The volume is richly illustrated with high-quality neuroradiological images, with pathological correlation where applicable. The rich analytic index makes it an easily usable tool in the everyday clinical practice. The book serves both as a reference for specialists (neuroradiologists, radiologists, neurosurgeons, neurologists, pediatricians) and as a teaching text for residents and fellows-in-training.
Since 1975, Dr. Kenneth Swaiman's classic text has been the reference of choice for authoritative guidance in pediatric neurology, and the 6th Edition continues this tradition of excellence with thorough revisions that bring you fully up to date with all that's new in the field. Five new sections, 62 new chapters, 4 new editors, and a reconfigured format make this a comprehensive and clearly-written resource for the experienced clinician as well as the physician-in-training. - Nearly 3,000 line drawings, photographs, tables, and boxes highlight the text, clarify key concepts, and make it easy to find information quickly.
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