Learning from Demonstration (LfD) explores techniques for learning a task policy from examples provided by a human teacher. The field of LfD has grown into an extensive body of literature over the past 30 years, with a wide variety of approaches for encoding human demonstrations and modeling skills and tasks. Additionally, we have recently seen a focus on gathering data from non-expert human teachers (i.e., domain experts but not robotics experts). In this book, we provide an introduction to the field with a focus on the unique technical challenges associated with designing robots that learn from naive human teachers. We begin, in the introduction, with a unification of the various terminology seen in the literature as well as an outline of the design choices one has in designing an LfD system. Chapter 2 gives a brief survey of the psychology literature that provides insights from human social learning that are relevant to designing robotic social learners. Chapter 3 walks through an LfD interaction, surveying the design choices one makes and state of the art approaches in prior work. First, is the choice of input, how the human teacher interacts with the robot to provide demonstrations. Next, is the choice of modeling technique. Currently, there is a dichotomy in the field between approaches that model low-level motor skills and those that model high-level tasks composed of primitive actions. We devote a chapter to each of these. Chapter 7 is devoted to interactive and active learning approaches that allow the robot to refine an existing task model. And finally, Chapter 8 provides best practices for evaluation of LfD systems, with a focus on how to approach experiments with human subjects in this domain.
Administer and apply the Bayley-4 Scales of Infant and Toddler Development with confidence In Essentials of Bayley 4 Assessment, a distinguished team of authors delivers state-of-the-art guidelines for the application of the new Bayley 4 test of infant and toddler development. The resource offers a comprehensive guide to administering, scoring, interpreting, and applying the test. The resource provides key updates made since the publication of the previous version of the test, such as: Updated administration and scoring guideance, content updates, new norms and clinical studies, and shortened administration time Instruction on a Digital Delivery Option of the Bayley 4 (i.e., Q-interactive) New illustrative case studies and examples of Bayley 4 reports. Written for developmental practitioners, school and clinical psychologists, pediatricians, pediatric neuropsychologists, speech-language pathologists, occupational therapists, and physical therapists, Essentials of Bayley 4 is also an indispensable resource for university professors and students in training in assessment related fields.
Psychoneuroimmunology is the emerging science devoted to studying the two-way relationship between the nervous and immune systems. Psychoneuroimmunology, Stress, and Infection highlights the latest information concerning microbial infections in both man and animals as related to stress and especially stress hormones. The volume focuses on psychoneuroimmunology as it impacts the immune system in general and also the relationship between neurological events which influence susceptibility and/or resistance to infectious agents such as bacteria, fungi and viruses, as well as parasites. Prominent researchers describe the involvement of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis on immunity as a function of the nervous system. The text discusses hormones such as prolactin and growth hormone and steroid induced susceptibility to infection and neuropeptides, including vasoactive intestinal peptide, and substance P. The effects of catacholamines on immunity and susceptibility to infection are also covered. This reference also details the involvement of immune cells in the synthesis of neuropeptides, including hormones and endorphins, their effect on the brain as well as the effects of interleukins and tumor necrosis factor on the central nervous system. The book concludes with an interesting look at the relationship between aging, psychoneuroimmunology, and infection. Although there is much new knowledge concerning the nature and mechanism of immune responses, including the mediators involved, Psychoneuroimmunology, Stress, and Infection also presents important discussions and reviews that are long overdue and provide a major contribution to the area of biomedical knowledge in general and psychoneuroimmunology in particular.
This practical guide presents a concise approach to exploring endocrine pathophysiology through the physical exam, emphasizing common clinical signs in endocrinology that can be elicited through inspection, palpation, percussion or auscultation. The established and proposed mechanisms underlying these physical signs are highlighted, allowing students, residents and trainees to better appreciate endocrine pathophysiology at the bedside. The text is organized sensibly to facilitate quick and efficient review by medical trainees. Major diseases in endocrinology are grouped by organ systems - pituitary, thyroid, adrenal, and so on. Specific physical examination findings in each primary endocrine disease are reviewed and grouped under the categories of clinical features and pathophysiology, followed by related clinical and pathophysiology pearls. A brief description of the clinical finding is followed by a summary of the pathophysiologic mechanisms underlying the stated clinical finding. Relevant normal physiology and pathophysiology are reviewed where applicable, to facilitate learning. There are numerous texts on the pathophysiologic basis of diagnostic and laboratory findings in endocrinology. There is, however, no dedicated text to address questions that might be asked by trainees. Endocrine Pathophysiology satisfies this need in the literature.
This volume contains the papers presented at the Third International Conference on Scalable Uncertainty Management, SUM 2009, in Washington, DC, September 28-30, 2009. It contains 21 technical papers which were selected out of 30 submitted papers in a rigourous reviewing process. The volume also contains extended abstracts of two invited talks. The volume reflects the growing interest in uncertainty and incosistency and aims at bringing together all those interested in the management of uncertainty and inconsistency at large.
Since 1975, Dr. Kenneth Swaiman's classic text has been the reference of choice for authoritative guidance in pediatric neurology, and the 6th Edition continues this tradition of excellence with thorough revisions that bring you fully up to date with all that's new in the field. Five new sections, 62 new chapters, 4 new editors, and a reconfigured format make this a comprehensive and clearly-written resource for the experienced clinician as well as the physician-in-training. - Nearly 3,000 line drawings, photographs, tables, and boxes highlight the text, clarify key concepts, and make it easy to find information quickly.
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome discusses the use of animal models in the study of PCOS the occurrence of ovarian and adrenal abnormalities, cardiovascular risks, abnormal insulin secretion, and endothelial dysfunction in PCOS modern therapeutic modalities, such as manipulation of diet and lifestyle, metabolic phenotyping
Guidelines for all types of business correspondence; over 75 samples to use as models; letter writing exercises to build skills; helpful tips on style and format.
The author combines detailed instruction with sound advice and more than 70 model letters that show how to write clear, concise business correspondence. Model letters include formal business announcements, credit applications, inquiry letters, sales letters, and many more. New in this edition are model letters via electronic communication, and pointers for using e-mail appropriately in business contexts.
Guidelines for all types of business correspondence; over 75 samples to use as models; letter writing exercises to build skills; helpful tips on style and format.
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