This book tells the story of two of the most important figures in the history of chemistry. Carl Wilhelm Scheele (1742–1786) was the first to prepare oxygen and realise that air is a mixture of nitrogen and oxygen; he also discovered many important organic and inorganic substances. His fellow chemist and good friend, Torbern Bergman (1735–1784), was one of the pioneers in analytical and physical chemistry. In this carefully researched biography, the author, Anders Lennartson, explains the chemistry of Scheele and Bergman while putting their discoveries in the context of other 18th-century chemistry. Much of the information contained in this work is available in English for the first time.
This brief draws on the first modern book about Carl Wilhelm Scheele which was published in Swedish in 2015. Following an introduction and bibliography of Scheele’s published works, the author analyses Scheele’s publications paragraph by paragraph, explaining the procedures and the results in modern terms, and summarising and elucidating Scheele’s conclusions. Up until now the original works by Scheele have only in part been translated into English, and to get a complete view of Scheele’s work, knowledge of both Swedish and German was required. This brief opens up the important work of Carl Wilhelm Scheele to an international audience of historians of chemistry, students of history of chemistry and interested chemists.
Winner of the World Fantasy Award Worlds Seen in Passing is an anthology of award-winning, eye-opening, genre-defining science fiction, fantasy, and horror from Tor.com's first ten years, edited by Irene Gallo. "A fresh new story going up at Tor.com is always an Event."—Charlie Jane Anders Since it began in 2008, Tor.com has explored countless new worlds of fiction, delving into possible and impossible futures, alternate and intriguing pasts, and realms of fantasy previously unexplored. Its hundreds of remarkable stories span from science fiction to fantasy to horror, and everything in between. Now Tor.com is making some of those worlds available for the first time in print. This volume collects some of the best short stories Tor.com has to offer, with Hugo and Nebula Award-winning short stories and novelettes chosen from all ten years of the program. TABLE OF CONTENTS: “Six Months, Three Days” by Charlie Jane Anders “Damage” by David D. Levine “The Best We Can” by Carrie Vaughn “The City Born Great” by N. K. Jemisin “A Vector Alphabet of Interstellar Travel” by Yoon Ha Lee “Waiting on a Bright Moon” by JY Yang “Elephants and Corpses” by Kameron Hurley “About Fairies” by Pat Murphy “The Hanging Game” by Helen Marshall “The Water That Falls on You from Nowhere” by John Chu “A Cup of Salt Tears” by Isabel Yap “The Litany of Earth” by Ruthanna Emrys “Brimstone and Marmalade” by Aaron Corwin “Reborn” by Ken Liu “Please Undo This Hurt” by Seth Dickinson “The Language of Knives” by Haralambi Markov “The Shape of My Name” by Nino Cipri “Eros, Philia, Agape” by Rachel Swirsky “The Lady Astronaut of Mars” by Mary Robinette Kowal “Last Son of Tomorrow” by Greg van Eekhout “Ponies” by Kij Johnson “La beauté sans vertu” by Genevieve Valentine “A Fist of Permutations in Lightning and Wildflowers” by Alyssa Wong “A Kiss With Teeth” by Max Gladstone “The Last Banquet of Temporal Confections” by Tina Connolly “The End of the End of Everything” by Dale Bailey “Breaking Water” by Indrapramit Das “Your Orisons May Be Recorded” by Laurie Penny “The Tallest Doll in New York City” by Maria Dahvana Headley “The Cage” by A.M. Dellamonica “In the Sight of Akresa” by Ray Wood “Terminal” by Lavie Tidhar “The Witch of Duva” by Leigh Bardugo “Daughter of Necessity” by Marie Brennan “Among the Thorns” by Veronica Schanoes “These Deathless Bones” by Cassandra Khaw “Mrs. Sorensen and the Sasquatch” by Kelly Barnhill “This World Is Full of Monsters” by Jeff VanderMeer “The Devil in America” by Kai Ashante Wilson “A Short History of the Twentieth Century, or, When You Wish Upon A Star” by Kathleen Ann Goonan At the Publisher's request, this title is being sold without Digital Rights Management Software (DRM) applied.
A practical framework is provided in this textbook about the techniques, operations and philosophies of media production from the standpoint of both analog and digital technologies. Updated to reflect new digital techniques it goes beyond the technical to cover aesthetics, direction, production management and scriptwriting.
In this first full-length study of male homosexuality in Cather's short stories and novels, John P. Anders examines patterns of male friendship ranging on a continuum from the social to the sexual. He reveals how Cather's work assumes an unexpected depth and complexity by drawing on both the familiar tradition of friendship literature inspired by classical and Christian texts and a homosexual legacy that is part of, yet distinct from, established literary traditions. ø Anders argues that Cather's artistic achievement is distinguished by her sexual aesthetics, an elusive literary style inextricably associated with homosexuality. His analysis demonstrates how a homosexual ethos and eros helped Cather develop a sensitivity to human variation and a style to accommodate it and thus became the objective correlative of her art, dramatizing the diversity of human nature as it deepens the mystery of her work.
This concise yet comprehensive introduction to the biology of standing waters (lakes and ponds) combines traditional limnology with current ecological and evolutionary theory. 'The Biology of Lakes and Ponds', now in its second edition, should be a useful text for university tuition.
This book fills a gap in the extreme right literature currently available as there is no book length study of Scandinavia With the election of many right wing parties across Europe this book is very timely
The remarkably successful gold standard before 1914 was the first international monetary regime. This book addresses the experience of the gold standard peripheries; i.e. regime takers with limited influence on the regime. How did small countries adjust to an international monetary regime with seemingly little room for policy autonomy?
What is a border? This seemingly simple question is here answered via a multidisciplinary study of the cultural, geographic and historic existence of borders, and the ways that they have shaped our world. Using the Danish-Swedish border to illustrate the actions of groups and individuals engaged in bordering since the 1600s, this richly theoretical discussion highlights the complexities of political and cultural identity processes. Comparative perspectives are brought together to produce a thoughtful analysis of how such processes function, and of how borders work on both an imagined nationhood and experiential personal level. The author also examines how throughout history people have lived with and influenced or been influenced by borders, why some borders remain uncontested while others repeatedly provoke cross-border conflicts, and how today's bordering processes may be deliberately manipulated.
Modern Belarusian nationalism emerged in the early twentieth century during a dramatic period that included a mass exodus, multiple occupations, seven years of warfare, and the partition of the Belarusian lands. In this original history, Per Anders Rudling traces the evolution of modern Belarusian nationalism from its origins in late imperial Russia to the early 1930s. The revolution of 1905 opened a window of opportunity, and debates swirled around definitions of ethnic, racial, or cultural belonging. By March of 1918, a small group of nationalists had declared the formation of a Belarusian People's Republic (BNR), with territories based on ethnographic claims. Less than a year later, the Soviets claimed roughly the same area for a Belarusian Soviet Socialist Republic (BSSR). Belarusian statehood was declared no less than six times between 1918 and 1920. In 1921, the treaty of Riga officially divided the Belarusian lands between Poland and the Soviet Union. Polish authorities subjected Western Belarus to policies of assimilation, alienating much of the population. At the same time, the Soviet establishment of Belarusian-language cultural and educational institutions in Eastern Belarus stimulated national activism in Western Belarus. Sporadic partisan warfare against Polish authorities occurred until the mid-1920s, with Lithuanian and Soviet support. On both sides of the border, Belarusian activists engaged in a process of mythmaking and national mobilization. By 1926, Belarusian political activism had peaked, but then waned when coups d'etats brought authoritarian rule to Poland and Lithuania. The year 1927 saw a crackdown on the Western Belarusian national movement, and in Eastern Belarus, Stalin's consolidation of power led to a brutal transformation of society and the uprooting of Belarusian national communists. As a small group of elites, Belarusian nationalists had been dependent on German, Lithuanian, Polish, and Soviet sponsors since 1915. The geopolitical rivalry provided opportunities, but also liabilities. After 1926, maneuvering this complex and progressively hostile landscape became difficult. Support from Kaunas and Moscow for the Western Belarusian nationalists attracted the interest of the Polish authorities, and the increasingly autonomous republican institutions in Minsk became a concern for the central government in the Kremlin. As Rudling shows, Belarus was a historic battleground that served as a political tool, borderland, and buffer zone between greater powers. Nationalism arrived late, was limited to a relatively small elite, and was suppressed in its early stages. The tumultuous process, however, established the idea of Belarusian statehood, left behind a modern foundation myth, and bequeathed the institutional framework of a proto-state, all of which resurfaced as building blocks for national consolidation when Belarus gained independence in 1991.
This book is an ideal complement to studies showing the potentially devastating ecological effects of climate change, studies trying to calculate the costs of climate change, and studies trying to identify the most pressing needs in preparing for the new climate.
** THE INSPIRATION FOR THE MAJOR NEW HOLLYWOOD BLOCKBUSTER, 'THE INFORMER' ** ** WINNER OF THE 2011 CWA INTERNATIONAL DAGGER ** ** NEW YORK TIMES TOP 5 BESTSELLER ** 'Extraordinarily compelling' Daily Mail 'The action is non-stop' The Times 'Three Seconds is just about how long it feels it takes to read Three Seconds . . . Terrific' Time Out SCANDINAVIAN CRIME DOES NOT GET MORE EXPLOSIVE. ONE MURDER. Piet Hoffmann is the Swedish police force's best undercover operative. Not even his family know of his double identity. Yet when a drug deal with the Polish mafia goes fatally wrong, his secret life begins to crumble around him. TWO MEN. Detective Inspector Ewert Grens is charged with investigating the drug-related killing. Unaware of Hoffmann's true identity, he believes himself to be on the trail of a dangerous psychopath. THREE SECONDS. Hoffmann must desperately maintain his cover; else he is a dead man walking. But, in the doggedly-perceptive Ewert Grens, he has just made the most relentless of enemies. Can't get enough of DCI Ewert Grens? Then check out Cell 8, named by the Sunday Times as one of the 60 Best Thrillers and Crime Novels of the Past 6 Years.
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