This book examines the social and legal regulation of domestic violence (DV) within the Kesarwani business community following the enactment of the Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act 2005. It analyses the existence of the formal law in Kolkata and the relevance of the law in the familial lives of the Kesarwani community. The book offers a new conceptualisation of examining the relationship between formal law and social life. It provides a deep insight into how living with violence becomes a way of living and how the disposition to familial violence exists with social advantage and privilege. Explaining the functioning of the formal DV framework in non-legal terms as it exists on the paper, the book shows the ways in which this one law sought to democratise the family unit and overhaul the legal process in favour of DV victims in India. Most of all it hopes to show through the Kolkata study that caste and class, social structures that regulate and define social life globally, must remain critical to discussions of the social and legal regulation of DV in Kolkata, India or anywhere in the world. The book uses ethnography as a research methodology and traverses different locations in the Kesarwani community, and outside the community in Kolkata, to examine the relevance of the formal law in the lives of Kesarwani women. While the study is in India (and in a non-western context), the theme of the study – the social and legal regulation - remains relevant to contemporary debates on the efficacy of formal law in addressing coercive control in the western world. Notably, the book makes the formal domestic violence law legible for non-legal professionals by explaining the formal legal framework of domestic violence envisaged in the PWDVA. This book will be of interest to students and scholars of law, criminal justice, sociology, anthropology, women’s studies, and political science. It will also appeal to social service providers and practitioners working in the area of domestic violence, legal regulation, social control of women, gender, caste, class and family business.
This book critically explores the political ecology of human marginalization, wildlife conservation and the role of the state in politicizing conservation frameworks, drawing on examples from forests in India. The book specifically demonstrates the nuances within human-environmental linkages, by showing how environmental concerns are not only ecological in content but also political. In India a large part of the forests and their surrounding areas were inhabited far before they were designated as protected areas and inviolate zones, with the local population reliant on forests for their survival and livelihoods. Thus, socioecological conflicts between the forest dependents and official state bodies have been widespread. This book uses a political ecology lens to explore the complex interplay between current norms of forest conservation and environmental subjectivities, illustrating contemporary articulation of forest rights and the complex mediations between forest dependents and different state and non-state bodies in designing and implementing regulatory standards for wildlife and forest protection. It foregrounds the issues of identity, migration and cultural politics while discussing the politics of conservation. Through a political ecology approach, the book not only is human-centric but also makes significant use of the role of non-humans in foregrounding the conservation discourse, with a particular focus on tigers. The book will be of great interest to students and academics studying forest conservation, human–wildlife interactions and political ecology.
This book deals with a wide range of issues related to rural-urban migration in the context of neoliberal economic development in India. Focusing on three core areas, first it traces state discourses on rural-urban migration in India since the 1930s critically analysing its industrial, labour, rural and urban programmes, and policies. Second, through data on longitudinal surveys undertaken in rural Bihar in 1999, 2011 and 2016, it examines changes in patterns of migration and sources of income; estimates determinants and impacts of migration. Third, based on fieldwork in the village and the city, it presents an in-depth account of a rural-urban migration stream in contemporary India. It shows how, contrary to the results of conventional data sources such as the Census and NSSO, that mobility is high in rural Bihar, and has significantly increased over time as a result of rising labour demand in distant urban markets elsewhere in India. Further, it also provides evidence of decoupling of agriculture from the ‘rural’ in India. Combining quantitative and qualitative methods in development research, this book will be of great interest to scholars and researchers of development studies, migration studies, development economics, sociology, demography, public policy, and South Asian studies.
The complexity and severity of the Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks are increasing day-by-day. The Internet has a highly inconsistent structure in terms of resource distribution. Numerous technical solutions are available, but those involving economic aspects have not been given much consideration. The book, DDoS Attacks – Classification, Attacks, Challenges, and Countermeasures, provides an overview of both types of defensive solutions proposed so far, exploring different dimensions that would mitigate the DDoS effectively and show the implications associated with them. Features: Covers topics that describe taxonomies of the DDoS attacks in detail, recent trends and classification of defensive mechanisms on the basis of deployment location, the types of defensive action, and the solutions offering economic incentives. Introduces chapters discussing the various types of DDoS attack associated with different layers of security, an attacker’s motivations, and the importance of incentives and liabilities in any defensive solution. Illustrates the role of fair resource-allocation schemes, separate payment mechanisms for attackers and legitimate users, negotiation models on cost and types of resources, and risk assessments and transfer mechanisms. DDoS Attacks – Classification, Attacks, Challenges, and Countermeasures is designed for the readers who have an interest in the cybersecurity domain, including students and researchers who are exploring different dimensions associated with the DDoS attack, developers and security professionals who are focusing on developing defensive schemes and applications for detecting or mitigating the DDoS attacks, and faculty members across different universities.
This book provides a path-breaking study of the genesis, growth, gains, and dilemmas of women's movements in countries throughout the world. Its focus is on the global South, where women's movements have engaged in complex negotiations with national and international forces. It challenges widely held assumptions about the Western origins and character of local feminisms. The authors locate women's movements within the terrain from which they emerged by exploring their relationships with the state, civil society, and other social movements. This fully revised second edition contains six new chapters by leading scholars of women and gender studies, on both individual countries and on several major regions of the world? Europe, Africa, Latin America, and the Maghreb. This balanced coverage enables readers to identify regional patterns and also learn from in-depth case studies. Women's Movements in the Global Era is essential reading for anyone interested in the global scope and implications of feminism.
This book is widely encircling the several characteristics of tobacco control with particular reference to global scenario. Globally the evidences on widespread tobacco habits, health hazards and environmental hazards are mainly due to tobacco use, passive smoking and its impact. The economics of tobacco, worldwide legislation to control tobacco, the tobacco cessation services and the way ahead for effective tobacco control are elaborately present in this book. Consuming any types of tobacco products (smoking and smokeless) troubles nearly each and every organ in the body and intensificify the risk of heart disease, stroke, lung diseases, liver disease, immune dysfunctions, inflammations, and many types of cancer. Nicotine present in tobacco product is highly addictive and tobacco use is a major risk factor for cardiovascular and respiratory diseases, over 20 different types or subtypes of cancer, and many other debilitating health conditions. Tobacco is a leading preventable cause of death, killing nearly 6 million people worldwide each year. It is one of the primary causes of death and disease in India and accounts for nearly 1.35 million deaths every year. In terms of consuming and producing tobacco products, India is also the second largest country globally. Whereas more than 16 million of adults in the USA have a disease caused by smoking cigarettes, and smoking-related illnesses lead to half a million deaths each year. It was observed that most tobacco-related deaths occur in low- and middle-income countries, which are often targets of intensive tobacco industry interference and marketing. Tobacco contains nicotine can also be lethal for non-smokers. Second-hand smoke exposure has also been concerned in adverse health effects, causing 1.2 million deaths per year. Approximately half of all children breathe air polluted by environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) and 65 000 children die each year due to illnesses related to second-hand smoke.
Drawing on case studies of the Communist Party of India (Marxist) in West Bengal and Shramik Sangathana in Maharashtra, this ground-breaking new work examines Indian women's political activism. Investigating institutional change at the state level and protest at the village level, Amrita Basu traces the paths of two kinds of political activism among these women. With insights gleaned from extensive interviews with activists, government officials, and ordinary men and women, she finds that militancy has been fueled by pronounced sexual and class cleavages combined with potentially rancorous ethnic division. Thorough in its fieldwork, incisive in its political analysis, Two Faces of Protest offers a richly textured and sensitive view of women's political activism in the Third World. This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1992.
Owning Land, Being Women enquires into the processes that establish inheritance as a unique form of property relation in law and society. It focuses on India, examining the legislative processes that led to the 2005 amendment of the Hindu Succession Act 1956, along with several interconnected welfare policies. Scholars have understood these Acts as a response to growing concerns about women’s property rights in developing countries. In re-reading these Acts and exploring the wider nexus of Indian society in which the legislation was drafted, this study considers how questions of family structure and property rights contribute to the creation of legal subjects and demonstrates the significance of the politico-economic context of rights formulation. On the basis of an ethnography of a village in West Bengal, this book brings the moral axis of inheritance into sharp focus, elucidating the interwoven dynamics of bequest, distribution of family wealth and reciprocity of care work that are integral to the logic of inheritance. It explains why inheritance rights based on the notion of individual property rights are inadequate to account for practices of inheritance. Mondal shows that inheritance includes normative structures of affective attachment and expectations, i.e., evaluatively-charged imaginaries of the future that coordinate present practices. These insights pose questions of the dominant resource-based conceptualisation of inherited property in the debate on women’s empowerment. In doing so, this work opens up a line of investigation that brings feminist rights discourse into conversation with ethics, enriching the liberal theory of gender justice.
This book analyses the development of private healthcare in post-Independence Kolkata, India, and the rapid expansion of private nursing homes and hospitals from a historical and sociological perspective. It offers an examination of the changing pattern of the entire health care sector, which over recent decades has transformed itself to a profit-making commodity. The book explores the complexities of the health care services in Kolkata with special emphasis on the emergence, growth, role and the changing pattern of private health care organisations and the decline or degeneration of the services of public hospitals. Post-1947 India experienced the implementation of new developments in public health services, amongst others vertical programmes, primary health centers, family planning welfare programmes and community health volunteers. Examining the challenges in establishing a comprehensive health service system and the process of market forces in health care, the author investigates its linkages with policies of the welfare state. This book will be of interest to academics in the field of medical sociology, history of medicine and health and development studies and South Asian Studies.
Dear readers, before you read chapters of this book, I think you should know the genesis of this book. This book contains fourteen articles, written by twenty-two scholars and academicians. Articles are trying to explore how we see Gender Stereotypes in society, culture, media and politics. All authors tried to explore the concept on different dimensions. Editor, Dr. Amrita first came up with this idea almost one year ago. She already published some books on “Women Security” and pursuing research on different women security issues for longtime. But she questions always, “why people still equate women with gender”. Here comes ‘gender’ stereotypes. In social science writings or academic discussions, people always equate with women issues with gender issues and issues of male and transgender got neglected. That’s why she teamed with another erudite and energetic male researcher, Mr. Manoj Kumar, who is currently working in IIHSG, and started the book editing process. I hope you all will enjoy reading this book as you will find diversified issues from diversified authors from different regions, age group and social group, touching topics like the Nexus of Human Security and the Impact of Covid-19 Pandemic: Gendering European Union Security Strategies; Silenced Voices: Women, Conflict and Sexual Violence in International Law; Gender Stereotyping of AI Powered Humanoid Robot in Indian Hindi Cinema & Hollywood: A Case Study; Breaking the Mold: Women’s Struggle for Political Voice In India; The Experiences of Transitional Aged LGBTQ+ Youth in the Era of Covid 19: A Systematic Review; Women, Political Process and Grassroot Politics in Jharkhand: A Comparative Study of Rural and Urban Women; Alive on the Thrilling Marginal: Social Exclusion of Transgender People; Towards Gender Security: Understanding and Addressing Violence; Analyzing Perceptions of Educated People on Gender Stereotypes seen in Advertisements and Media; Gender Narratives: Navigating Stereotypes and Biases; Experiences of Marginalization among Gender Non- Conforming People; The Sex role Stereotyping and gender in John Fowles- The French Lieutenant’s Women; Culture, Religion, State and Bodies of Women; and Sociology of Gender. Titles of the paper prove that this book is successful in presenting a holistic view in front e readers. The volume is essential reading for social scientists, bureaucrats and non-governmental political activists interested in gender identity and security. It will also appeal to public policy analysts and scholars who have yet to adopt the contribution of critical security and development studies in the analysis of gender.
This book examines the social and legal regulation of domestic violence (DV) within the Kesarwani business community following the enactment of the Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act 2005. It analyses the existence of the formal law in Kolkata and the relevance of the law in the familial lives of the Kesarwani community. The book offers a new conceptualisation of examining the relationship between formal law and social life. It provides a deep insight into how living with violence becomes a way of living and how the disposition to familial violence exists with social advantage and privilege. Explaining the functioning of the formal DV framework in non-legal terms as it exists on the paper, the book shows the ways in which this one law sought to democratise the family unit and overhaul the legal process in favour of DV victims in India. Most of all it hopes to show through the Kolkata study that caste and class, social structures that regulate and define social life globally, must remain critical to discussions of the social and legal regulation of DV in Kolkata, India or anywhere in the world. The book uses ethnography as a research methodology and traverses different locations in the Kesarwani community, and outside the community in Kolkata, to examine the relevance of the formal law in the lives of Kesarwani women. While the study is in India (and in a non-western context), the theme of the study – the social and legal regulation - remains relevant to contemporary debates on the efficacy of formal law in addressing coercive control in the western world. Notably, the book makes the formal domestic violence law legible for non-legal professionals by explaining the formal legal framework of domestic violence envisaged in the PWDVA. This book will be of interest to students and scholars of law, criminal justice, sociology, anthropology, women’s studies, and political science. It will also appeal to social service providers and practitioners working in the area of domestic violence, legal regulation, social control of women, gender, caste, class and family business.
This book is widely encircling the several characteristics of tobacco control with particular reference to global scenario. Globally the evidences on widespread tobacco habits, health hazards and environmental hazards are mainly due to tobacco use, passive smoking and its impact. The economics of tobacco, worldwide legislation to control tobacco, the tobacco cessation services and the way ahead for effective tobacco control are elaborately present in this book. Consuming any types of tobacco products (smoking and smokeless) troubles nearly each and every organ in the body and intensificify the risk of heart disease, stroke, lung diseases, liver disease, immune dysfunctions, inflammations, and many types of cancer. Nicotine present in tobacco product is highly addictive and tobacco use is a major risk factor for cardiovascular and respiratory diseases, over 20 different types or subtypes of cancer, and many other debilitating health conditions. Tobacco is a leading preventable cause of death, killing nearly 6 million people worldwide each year. It is one of the primary causes of death and disease in India and accounts for nearly 1.35 million deaths every year. In terms of consuming and producing tobacco products, India is also the second largest country globally. Whereas more than 16 million of adults in the USA have a disease caused by smoking cigarettes, and smoking-related illnesses lead to half a million deaths each year. It was observed that most tobacco-related deaths occur in low- and middle-income countries, which are often targets of intensive tobacco industry interference and marketing. Tobacco contains nicotine can also be lethal for non-smokers. Second-hand smoke exposure has also been concerned in adverse health effects, causing 1.2 million deaths per year. Approximately half of all children breathe air polluted by environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) and 65 000 children die each year due to illnesses related to second-hand smoke.
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