Social Policy and Practice in Canada: A History traces the history of social policy in Canada from the period of First Nations’ control to the present day, exploring the various ways in which residents of the area known today as Canada have organized themselves to deal with (or to ignore) the needs of the ill, the poor, the elderly, and the young. This book is the first synthesis on social policy in Canada to provide a critical perspective on the evolution of social policy in the country. While earlier work has treated each new social program as a major advance, and reacted with shock to neoliberalism’s attack on social programs, Alvin Finkel demonstrates that right-wing and left-wing forces have always battled to shape social policy in Canada. He argues that the notion of a welfare state consensus in the period after 1945 is misleading, and that the social programs developed before the neoliberal counteroffensive were far less radical than they are sometimes depicted. Social Policy and Practice in Canada: A History begins by exploring the non-state mechanisms employed by First Nations to insure the well-being of their members. It then deals with the role of the Church in New France and of voluntary organizations in British North America in helping the unfortunate. After examining why voluntary organizations gradually gave way to state-controlled programs, the book assesses the evolution of social policy in Canada in a variety of areas, including health care, treatment of the elderly, child care, housing, and poverty.
Compassion traces the ways in which various societies across the globe have responded to the vulnerable among them from early human history to the present. Along the way, Alvin Finkel assesses the impacts of economic developments, colonialism, political arrangements, gender, race, and social class in influencing how different peoples have defined the rights of individuals and communities facing hardship. From Russia to Iran, from Scandinavia to Vietnam, this book looks at how social policy has been shaped by global social forces such as capitalism, imperialism and neoliberalism and analyses why different countries and regions diverged in their ways of dealing with inequalities and social needs. This is a valuable resource for students on history, sociology or social work degrees taking modules or courses on the history of welfare/social policy or global history.
Canada has undergone many changes in the decades following World War II. From post-war prosperity and grrowing nationalism to corporate downsizing and globalization, the events of this six-decade period have been some of the most radical in the country's history. Author Alvin Finkel looks at the people, forces, and events that have shaped post-war Canada. All the major themes in our history are discussed: the evolution of the welfare state, our economic domination by the United States, our halcyon days as a Middle Power, the Quiet Revolution, the First Nations' quest for autonomy, the flowering of English-Canadian nationalism, the rise of western alienation, the women's movement, Quebec nationalism, neo-conservatism, and globalization. Extensively illustrated, Our Lives: Canada after 1945is the first book for general readers to look in detail at Canada from the mid-forties through the mid-nineties. Successfully marrying the new social history with politics and economics, it is more than simply informative, provoking readers into a reconsideration of the key events that have shaped the country.
In this account of the Social Credit transformation, Alvin Finkel challenges earlier works which focus purely on Social Credit monetary fixations and religiosity.
In this account of the Social Credit transformation, Alvin Finkel challenges earlier works which focus purely on Social Credit monetary fixations and religiosity.
This book challenges the commonly accepted view that governments enacted social reforms in the 1930s in response to demands for more equitable redistribution of wealth in a time of trouble, robbing from the rich to give to the poor. Alvin Finkel demonstrates conclusively that Canadian big business was overwhelmingly in favour of more state intervention during the Thirties in the economic and social sphere. Private enterprise in Canada has always depended on government aid--capital grants, high tariffs, the repression of organized labour--and in the 1930s, the corporations' need for help was more acute than ever before. They realized that the capitalist system could not survive without legislated structural reforms that would provide safeguards for private investment and profit under the guise of social welfare. Examining the emergence of an unprecedented intertwining of business and government mangement during the Depression, Business and Social Reform in the Thirties analyzes an inordinant concentration of power that remains with us today.
Seeking to historicize the 2007-2009 Great Recession, this volume of essays situates the current economic crisis and its impact on workers in the context of previous abrupt shifts in the modern-day capitalist marketplace. Contributors use examples from industrialized North America, South America, Europe, Asia, and Australia to demonstrate how workers and states have responded to those shifts and to their disempowering effects on labor. Since the Industrial Revolution, contributors argue, factors such as race, sex, and state intervention have mediated both the effect of economic depressions on workers' lives and workers' responses to those depressions. Contributors also posit a varying dynamic between political upheaval and economic crises, and between workers and the welfare state. The volume ends with an examination of today's "Great Recession": its historical distinctiveness, its connection to neoliberalism, and its attendant expressions of worker status and agency around the world. A sobering conclusion lays out a likely future for workers--one not far removed from the instability and privation of the nineteenth century. The essays in this volume offer up no easy solutions to the challenges facing today's workers. Nevertheless, they make clear that cogent historical thinking is crucial to understanding those challenges, and they push us toward a rethinking of the relationship between capital and labor, the waged and unwaged, and the employed and jobless. Contributors are Sven Beckert, Sean Cadigan, Leon Fink, Alvin Finkel, Wendy Goldman, Gaetan Heroux, Joseph A. McCartin, David Montgomery, Edward Montgomery, Scott Reynolds Nelson, Melanie Nolan, Bryan D. Palmer, Joan Sangster, Judith Stein, Hilary Wainright, and Lu Zhang.
This book challenges the commonly accepted view that governments enacted social reforms in the 1930s in response to demands for more equitable redistribution of wealth in a time of trouble, robbing from the rich to give to the poor. Alvin Finkel demonstrates conclusively that Canadian big business was overwhelmingly in favour of more state intervention during the Thirties in the economic and social sphere. Private enterprise in Canada has always depended on government aid--capital grants, high tariffs, the repression of organized labour--and in the 1930s, the corporations' need for help was more acute than ever before. They realized that the capitalist system could not survive without legislated structural reforms that would provide safeguards for private investment and profit under the guise of social welfare. Examining the emergence of an unprecedented intertwining of business and government mangement during the Depression, Business and Social Reform in the Thirties analyzes an inordinant concentration of power that remains with us today.
This is a history of humanity like it's never been told before. Historian Alvin Finkel builds on the work of archaeologists, anthropologists and historians to present the very long view of the history of the human species. His focus is not on the leaders whose exploits are recounted in traditional histories, but rather on the experiences of ordinary people, the 99%, whose experiences and activities are often overlooked. In the extensive research of many contemporary scholars, Alvin Finkel notes a common thread which most historians have ignored: the constant efforts of ordinary people throughout history to create and sustain societies based on equality of all individuals. Contrary to traditional historical writing, he finds that the earliest human communities usually treated all individuals as equals. In the histories of societies all around the world, he records how individuals who found ways to gain wealth and power have faced constant, often successful, resistance from the rest. From the first recorded communities in Mesopotamia to the COVID-19 pandemic, this book features the resistances, uprisings, struggles, and solidarities of the majority against those seeking to dominate. The result is a fresh and challenging interpretation of the history of our species, one that casts a new light on the true nature of humans.
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