This book is for programmers and developers who want to improve the performance of their R programs by making them run faster with large data sets or who are trying to solve a pesky performance problem.
A Fast and Frugal Finance: Bridging Contemporary Behavioural Finance and Ecological Rationality adds psychological reality to classical financial reasoning. It shows how financial professionals can reach better and quicker decisions using the 'fast and frugal' framework for decision-making, adding dramatically to time and outcome efficiency, while also retaining accuracy. The book provides the reader with an adaptive toolbox of heuristic tools and classification systems to aid real-world decisions. Throughout, financial applications are presented alongside real-world examples to help readers solve established problems in finance, including stock buying and selling decisions, when faced with not only risk but fundamental uncertainty. The book concludes by describing potential solutions to financial problems in the forefront of contemporary debates, and calls for taking psychological insights seriously. - Demonstrates how well-constructed 'fast and frugal' models can outperform standard models in time and outcome efficiency - Focuses on how financial decisions are made in reality, using heuristics, rather than how such decisions should be made - Discusses how cognition and the decision-making context interact in producing 'fast and frugal' choices that follow ecological rationality - Explores the development of decision-making trees in finance to aid in decision-making
Fiction, Reference, and Nonexistence contains a new, contemporary theory of fiction and discusses the connection between language and reality. Martinich and Stroll, two of America's leading philosophers, explore fiction and undertake an analytic philosophical study of fiction and its reference, and its relation to truth.
Suffering, especially that of the innocent and those unjustly treated, is a universal experience which has perplexed and agonised humanity. This reality is especially a challenge to believers in an all powerful, good and loving God. Within the Christian tradition in particular, because of the centrality of the cross and the crucified and risen One, there has been a tradition which has hallowed suffering. In this perspective suffering per se, whatever its origin, is mystified as a necessary prelude to salvation. Is suffering salvific? Are all experiences of suffering saving? What is God's attitude and involvement with suffering? In this work, these questions are explored through the lens of Edward Schillebeeckx's later theology which is primarily concerned with the development of a contemporary soteriology.
Mitochondria are sometimes called the powerhouses of eukaryotic cells, because mitochondria are the site of ATP synthesis in the cell. ATP is the universal energy currency, it provides the power that runs all other life processes. Humans need oxygen to survive because of ATP synthesis in mitochondria. The sugars from our diet are converted to carbon dioxide in mitochondria in a process that requires oxygen. Just like a fire needs oxygen to burn, our mitochondria need oxygen to make ATP. From textbooks and popular literature one can easily get the impression that all mitochondria require oxygen. But that is not the case. There are many groups of organismsm known that make ATP in mitochondria without the help of oxygen. They have preserved biochemical relicts from the early evolution of eukaryotic cells, which took place during times in Earth history when there was hardly any oxygen avaiable, certainly not enough to breathe. How the anaerobic forms of mitochondria work, in which organisms they occur, and how the eukaryotic anaerobes that possess them fit into the larger picture of rising atmospheric oxygen during Earth history are the topic of this book.
Examines the origins and development of the episcopacy in the early church with an eye toward its implications for current ecumenical issues relating to the episcopacy and apostolic succession.
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