This third volume of the Supplement Series supplying the Main Volumes of the series "Perfluorohalogenoorgano Compounds of Main Group Elements", Part 1 to 9, completes the treatment of the compounds of the Main Group VI elements. It covers sulfur(IV) compounds, sulfonic acids, sulfonic anhydrides, and sulfonates, sulfur(VI) oxides, sulfonyl nitrogen compounds, sulfonyl halides, sulfur(VI) halides, and the compounds of selenium and tellurium. It also includes the perfluorohalogenoorgano compounds of iodine in oxidation states higher than one and contains a formula index for the Supplement Volumes 1, 2, and 3. The Supplement Series will be concluded by the description of the nitrogen compounds. Concept, organization, and selection as to the coverage of the material are the same as in the Main Volumes. Title compounds are newly synthesized ones as well as those compounds already referred to in the Main Volumes and for which new facts have been published. Conventions as to the presentation of the data are given in the prefaces of the Main Volumes. In contrast to the convention for NMR chemical shifts used previously, chemical shifts downfield from the standard are designated as positive, according to the recommendations of the IUPAC Commission on Molecular Structure and Spectroscopy (Pure and Applied Chemistry 29 [1972]625/8, 45 [1976] 217/9). I wish to thank Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. E. Fluck and his co-workers for their excellent cooperation. I also wish to take the opportunity to express my appreciation to colleagues who assisted me by providing reprints and patents.
The study of endotoxins has undergone cycles of enthusiastic research followed by neglect and revival again due to newly described biological effects attributed to endotoxins. It is almost a generally applicable rule that both extremes in such fluctuations in the popularity of certain re search fields are unjustified. It is obvious that exaggerated expectations will lead to disappointments, and complete neglect of a once-exciting field is to be followed by renewed attention, if the scientific basis of earlier interest was solid and remained so throughout. The healing ef fect of fever was praised as nature's blessed cure, until it was discov ered that it is caused by bacteria. When it became evident that by careful application one can arrive at therapeutic doses without intro ducing shock and hypotension, the era of fever therapy began. During this time, indiscriminate use of pyrogens was so widespread that the high expectations had to be followed by disillusionment. Since then, in terest in endotoxins experienced a few more oscillations, with varying wavelengths and amplitudes, the latest being triggered by the mitotic effect of endotoxin. This led to justified excitement among researchers who study the activation of the cells of the lymphatic system and the consequences thereof, including the release of important mediator mol ecules. Fever therapy is passe, but the healing that often followed the ap plication of endotoxins remains a well-documented fact.
Tribology of Polymeric Nanocomposites provides a comprehensive description of polymeric nanocomposites, both as bulk materials and as thin surface coatings, and provides rare, focused coverage of their tribological behavior and potential use in tribological applications. Providing engineers and designers with the preparation techniques, friction and wear mechanisms, property information and evaluation methodology needed to select the right polymeric nanocomposites for the job, this unique book also includes valuable real-world examples of polymeric nanocomposites in action in tribological applications. - Provides a complete reference to polmer nanocomposite material use in tribology from preparation through to selection and use - Explains the theory through examples of real-world applications, keeping this high-level topic practical and accessible - Includes contributions from more than 20 international tribology experts to offer broad yet detailed coverage of this fast-moving field
InhaltsverzeichnisInhalt: T. Dams, Unification of Germany in the Context of European Integration and Current Issues of East European Countries: A Comparative Economic System's Perspective - A. Oberhauser, Public Finance and the Transformation Process to Market Economies in the Countries of Eastern Europe - H.-H. Francke, The Franco-German Way Towards an European System of Central Banks - H.-J. Brink, Managerial Deficits and Solutions in the New Enterprises of East Germany as Consequences of Transition from a Planned Economy to a Market Economy - H. Okuno, The Restructuring of Financial Institutions in Japan - N. Okun / R. Futagami, Regional Income Inequality and Allocation of Public Investment: The Japanese Experience, 1958-1986 - N. Takeuchi / Y. Arayama, Interregional Difference and Public Finance - N. Takeuchi, Industrial Structures and their Fiscal Improvement - Y. Arayama, Prefectural Structure of Employment and its Determinants - R.-B. Schmidt, Models to Aid Decision Making under Economic Uncertainty. A Problem of Interdisciplinary Research - T. Kishida, Technological Innovation and Organizational Restructuring - W. Hilke, Information about R & D Activities in Annual Reports of German Corporations - T. Yoshida, On Technological Change and Interorganizational Relationships - F. Schober, Information and Planning Systems in Support of International Business Strategies - S. Hauser, Models Considering Current and Chaotic Structural Changes Exemplified by the Money and Stock Market
This fifth volume of the first supplement supplying the Main Volumes of the series Perfluorohalogenoorgano Compounds of Main Group Elements, Part 1 to 9, starts the treatment of the aliphatic and aromatic perfluorohalogenoorgano compounds of nitrogen. Amines, amides, imines, aminooxy derivatives, nitro- and nitroso compounds as well as azides, hydrazines and diazenes among others are described.
Gmelin Handbook of Inorganic and Organometallic Chemistry, presently comprising over 600 volumes, is the most comprehensive collection of chemical and physical data of the elements and their compounds in the world. It is Gmelin's first aim to assemble and systematically classify the research findings scattered throughout the innumerable publications of the international primary literature. This vast amount of information is classified on the basis of the chemical elements, which in itself contributes to "user friendliness". A survey of the contents of the Handbook is given in the Complete Catalog (published every second year, with supplements in between), which can, thus, be very helpful when beginning a search. Access to a specific compound becomes even easier through consultation of the Formula Index volumes. For over three years the Gmelin Formula Index (plus the Complete Catalog entries) has been available as an online database, GFI, from STN. Online searches provide for a most comfortable and fast access to the Handbook. GFI is the first constituent of the complete Gmelin database presently under development. Subscribers to the Handbook are entitled to a 50 % discount when searching GFI online.
This fourth volume of the Supplement Series supplying the Main Volumes of the series "Perfluorohalogenoorgano Compounds of Main Group Elements" (Part 1 to 9) covers the heterocyclic compounds of nitrogen as the last main group element of this series. Compounds of the elements of main group 1 to 4, 6 (without 0), and of P, As, Sb, Bi, and I are presented in the Supplement Volumes 1 to 3. Concept, organization, and selection as to coverage of the material are the same as in the preceeding volumes. Title compounds are either newly synthesized ones or those compounds already referred in the Main Volume Parts 5 and 6 for which new facts have been published. I wish to thank Prof. Dr. Dr. h. c. E. Fluck and his co-workers for their excellent cooperation and many colleagues for providing reprints and patents. One of us (U. Niemann) thanks Philips GmbH Forschungslaboratorium Aachen for generous support. November 1987 Bochum, A. Haas x Table of Contents Page 1 Three-Membered Perfluorohalogenoorgano Nitrogen Heterocycles 1-1 Formation and Preparation . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1.1 Three-Membered Heterocycles with One N Atom.
This fifth volume of the first supplement supplying the Main Volumes of the series Perfluorohalogenoorgano Compounds of Main Group Elements, Part 1 to 9, starts the treatment of the aliphatic and aromatic perfluorohalogenoorgano compounds of nitrogen. Amines, amides, imines, aminooxy derivatives, nitro- and nitroso compounds as well as azides, hydrazines and diazenes among others are described.
This fourth volume of the Supplement Series supplying the Main Volumes of the series "Perfluorohalogenoorgano Compounds of Main Group Elements" (Part 1 to 9) covers the heterocyclic compounds of nitrogen as the last main group element of this series. Compounds of the elements of main group 1 to 4, 6 (without 0), and of P, As, Sb, Bi, and I are presented in the Supplement Volumes 1 to 3. Concept, organization, and selection as to coverage of the material are the same as in the preceeding volumes. Title compounds are either newly synthesized ones or those compounds already referred in the Main Volume Parts 5 and 6 for which new facts have been published. I wish to thank Prof. Dr. Dr. h. c. E. Fluck and his co-workers for their excellent cooperation and many colleagues for providing reprints and patents. One of us (U. Niemann) thanks Philips GmbH Forschungslaboratorium Aachen for generous support. November 1987 Bochum, A. Haas x Table of Contents Page 1 Three-Membered Perfluorohalogenoorgano Nitrogen Heterocycles 1-1 Formation and Preparation . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1.1 Three-Membered Heterocycles with One N Atom.
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