Migration is one of the driving forces of economic and social change in the modern world. It is both informed by risk and a generator of risk, whether for individuals, households, communities or societies. Although the relationship between migration and risk is widely acknowledged, it has long been neglected in academic research, with a few exceptions such as household diversification strategies. Instead, risk is assumed to be implicit in economic or social models, rather than being explicitly theorised or analysed. This book represents the first major review of these key relationships. It draws on a wide range of theories - from economics, psychology, sociology, anthropology and geography - and an equally broad range of empirical material, to provide a highly original overview.
This ground-breaking volume on the relationships between tourism and innovation provides an overview of relevant innovation theories and related literatures on entrepreneurship, productivity, regional development and competitiveness, and their significance to contemporary tourism practices. Innovation is a key concept in business and entrepreneurial studies and the broader social sciences. Yet, despite its policy and academic importance, historically little attention has been given to the role of innovation in tourism and the corresponding contribution of tourism-related human mobility to regional, firm, and product innovation. This book emphasises that innovation in tourism is much more than a series of technological innovations, as important as they are, and instead needs to be understood in an economic, social, and political context, with particular stress being placed on the extent to which innovations are shaped by the framework of governance and regulation, as well as by institutional factors and activities of individual actors and entrepreneurs. It is structured so as to introduce the reader to the overall significance of innovation at various levels and the role that innovation plays in firm and place competition. Supported with case studies throughout, this book is essential reading for all tourism students.
Both visitor attractions and events play pivotal roles in the appeal of tourism destination regions to visitors by virtue of being the main motivator of tourist trips and determining consumers’ choices. However, more recently visitor attractions have become more multifaceted, have proliferated and fragmented in terms of form, location, scale and style, and their role is undergoing major changes in a post-modern world as a result of consumer demands and competitive innovations. Visitor Attractions and Events for the first time theoretically and empirically explores the relations between events and attractions to offer new thinking of the role of space and place in shaping development, management practices and strategies in the sector as well as future implications. The book reveals how location is pivotal in the development, planning, and management of visitor attractions and events. Whereas the location of natural attractions is relatively fixed in space and their locations cannot be predetermined or relocated, human-made or contrived attractions are more influenced by the planning process in the context of the locational decision-making process. Competition and cooperation between visitor attractions and the aspects which shape these relations, including complementarities, compatibility, knowledge spill overs and diffusion of innovations, product similarities and spatial proximity remain largely ignored in the visitor attraction sector and thus are major elements in the focus of this book. Comparative examples ranging from small to major attractions in a wide variety of locations are included. This significant volume will appeal widely to all those interested in the visitor sector, such as tourism, events, leisure studies, destination management and sociology.
Tourism is often described as an industry with high growth rates, and it is subject to radical change in how it is produced and consumed. However, there is still a relatively poor understanding of how such changes are brought about – that is, through innovation. This book is the first to provide a comprehensive review of innovation in tourism, while also considering how tourism itself contributes to innovative local, regional and national development strategies. This timely book places tourism innovation in the context of current academic and policy concerns relating to knowledge, competition, and the management of change. A substantial introductory chapter provides an overview of what makes innovation in tourism both distinctive from, and similar to innovation in other economic sectors. This is followed by three general scene setting chapters which explore how competition and the search for competitiveness drive tourism innovation, how knowledge transfers and knowledge creation lead the process, and how institutions shape innovation. These provide a coherent theoretical framework for understanding the roles of different agencies in innovation, ranging from the state, to the firm, to the consumer. The next four chapters analyze innovation at different scales. Two chapters review the territorial dimensions of innovation through the fresh perspectives of the national and regional innovation systems, followed by reviews of the determinants of innovation in the firm, and the contested and complex role of entrepreneurship. The final chapter summarises the importance of understanding tourism innovation. This is a groundbreaking volume which provides an accessible introduction to a key but neglected topic. It provides a readable account of the multidisciplinary research on innovation and relates the emerging theoretical framework to tourism. A clear conceptual framework is complemented by fifty boxes which provide a range of illustrative international case studies. This book will be a useful guide for researchers and students of tourism studies, management and business and geography.
Allan Andrade...has conducted his own investigation of the Leopoldville incident. ...The American, British and Belgian governments engaged in a cover-up, filed the papers away as secret... Dennis Hevesi, The New York Times ...This story should hold a special place in every state’s history. Simply put, the soldiers that lost their lives deserve the proper respect and remembrance for their sacrifice, and those that survived need to be recognized for their valor. New York City Congressman Gary L. Ackerman ...On behalf of the residents of New York City I express my appreciation to Allan Andrade...for researching and writing a book on this tragedy. New York City Mayor Rudolph W. Giuliani With skills developed over 20 years as a New York City Police investigative lieutenant he started digging into the dusty, hidden files with the tenacity of a real-life Columbo. ...Andrade tracked down not only survivors but also relatives of the victims: sons, daughters, brothers, sisters, wives. ...Andrade had the difficult task of telling the truth about the sinking of the SS Leopoldville and finding again that it is not for the dead that we grieve but for the living. Reuters Television Investigative Reporter, Lawrence Bond Retired NYC Police Lieutenant Allan Andrade has investigated and put together the facts and poignant individual stories of the Leopoldville disaster. Future historians of this incident will be compelled to use his research as a starting point for their own work. Originally published in 1997, the book has been revised to include new material and photographs. Allan Andrade was the American historical consultant for a TV documentary regarding the Leopoldville disaster. The documentary was produced by Norther Sky Entertainment Ltd., Toronto, Canada during 2008. I was flown to England & revisited the sites directly connected to the tragedy. He was aboard a research vessel directly over the wreck when professional divers dove to film it. He also visited Cherbourg, France, destination of the Leopoldville and Normandy American Cemetery where some of the Leopoldville victims are buried. With him were a Leopoldville survivor & 2 relatives of 2 different soldiers who were killed. ( one where body recovered & one where body never found.) The program, Deep Wreck Mysteries:Sunk on Christmas Eve, aired on the National Geographic Channel during February 2009.
This is a critical introduction to the relations between tourism, tourists, and tourism spaces. It fuses economic and cultural perspectives to explain how tourism is dependent on place and space, while at the same time as defining those places and spaces. Examining different levels of scale - from local to global - Tourism and Tourism Spaces is informed by the discussion of three key processes: - production and consumption of tourist spaces - consumption and commodification of tourist experiences - construction and reconstruction of tourist spaces Each chapter engages with different theoretical perspectives; is illustrated with comparative examples and case studies; uses tables, boxes and figures throughout; and concludes with a summary. An integrated and systematic review of a range of theoretical positions - that integrates economic and cultural - Tourism and Tourism Spaces will be a key resource for students of geography, sociology, management studies, hospitality studies, and leisure studies.
This book, originally published in 1987, presents a broad overview of the spatial organization of the European economy, providing a valuable synthesis of recently published material by geographers and other social scientists. A major theme is the interdependence of economic development at various scales. The three main sections look at international and European economic context; detailed changes in particular sectors; specific types if regional economic formations. Case studies are used and reference made to historical processes.
The second edition of this bestselling title provides the most up-to-date comprehensive review of all aspects of biomaterials science by providing a balanced, insightful approach to learning biomaterials. This reference integrates a historical perspective of materials engineering principles with biological interactions of biomaterials. Also provided within are regulatory and ethical issues in addition to future directions of the field, and a state-of-the-art update of medical and biotechnological applications. All aspects of biomaterials science are thoroughly addressed, from tissue engineering to cochlear prostheses and drug delivery systems. Over 80 contributors from academia, government and industry detail the principles of cell biology, immunology, and pathology. Focus within pertains to the clinical uses of biomaterials as components in implants, devices, and artificial organs. This reference also touches upon their uses in biotechnology as well as the characterization of the physical, chemical, biochemical and surface properties of these materials. - Provides comprehensive coverage of principles and applications of all classes of biomaterials - Integrates concepts of biomaterials science and biological interactions with clinical science and societal issues including law, regulation, and ethics - Discusses successes and failures of biomaterials applications in clinical medicine and the future directions of the field - Cover the broad spectrum of biomaterial compositions including polymers, metals, ceramics, glasses, carbons, natural materials, and composites - Endorsed by the Society for Biomaterials
This volume provides a survey of the world’s iron-ore resources during the 1960s and the distribution of the iron and steel industries. There are specific chapters on the UK , Western Europe, the USSR, the USA and smaller sections on Africa, Latin America and South East Asia. Particular attention is paid to the political aspects of the steel industry, for example in Post-War Germany.
Stream Ecology: Structure and Function of Running Waters is designed to serve as a textbook for advanced undergraduate and graduate students, and as a reference source for specialists in stream ecology and related fields. This Third Edition is thoroughly updated and expanded to incorporate significant advances in our understanding of environmental factors, biological interactions, and ecosystem processes, and how these vary with hydrological, geomorphological, and landscape setting. The broad diversity of running waters – from torrential mountain brooks, to large, lowland rivers, to great river systems whose basins occupy sub-continents – makes river ecosystems appear overwhelming complex. A central theme of this book is that although the settings are often unique, the processes at work in running waters are general and increasingly well understood. Even as our scientific understanding of stream ecosystems rapidly advances, the pressures arising from diverse human activities continue to threaten the health of rivers worldwide. This book presents vital new findings concerning human impacts, and the advances in pollution control, flow management, restoration, and conservation planning that point to practical solutions. Reviews of the first edition: ".. an unusually lucid and judicious reassessment of the state of stream ecology" Science Magazine "..provides an excellent introduction to the area for advanced undergraduates and graduate students..." Limnology & Oceanography "... a valuable reference for all those interested in the ecology of running waters." Transactions of the American Fisheries Society Reviews of the second edition: "Overall, a must for the field centre and a good starter text in stream ecology." (TEN News, October, 2007) "Highly recommended. Upper-division undergraduates through faculty." (P. R. Pinet, CHOICE, Vol. 45 (7), 2008) "... a very good, fluidly readable book which contains the latest key scientific knowledge of the ecology of running waters." (Daniel Graeber, International Review of Hydrobiology, Vol. 94 (2), 2009)
The Civil War is the greatest tragedy ever experienced by our nation. The repercussions of the war are still alive today, almost 160 years after the final shots were fired in April 1865. Many books have been written on the battles, the campaigns, and strategic troop movements. 1,417 Days in Rebellion: A History of the 19th Georgia Regiment provides a view of the war from one regiment. Follow the 19th Georgia from formation and training at Big Shanty, now Kennesaw, Georgia, to the final surrender near Durham Station, North Carolina. From as far north as Sharpsburg, Maryland, to the sandy soil of north central Florida, the 19th Georgia was in every major battle fought by the Army of Northern Virginia, except Gettysburg, Spotsylvania, and The Wilderness.
Who else are you going to depend on to wrap up the 2002 season? From the major leagues to the minor leagues to the college and high school ranks, no one covers the game more thoroughly than Baseball America. And no book offers you a more complete recap of the previous season than BA's annual Almanac, now in its 21st year. The 2003 Almanac is our largest ever -- nearly 500 pages. It has all the major league news and statistics, an overview of each organization's season, the minor league year in review, comprehensive college coverage, a full recap of the 2002 draft and foreign and winter league coverage. You'll see lots of baseball annuals, but there are none as comprehensive as Baseball America's Almanac. Book jacket.
Newly revised, this book remains the most complete and comprehensive pricing guide available. As always, this guide offers current pricing, tips on purchasing, selling and trading, sections on card evaluation and card condition, and a glossary for each card set from all the major card companies.
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