More than 12 million adults in the U.S. report they do not speak English well or at all. Proficiency in reading, writing, speaking, and understanding the English language appears to be linked to multiple dimensions of adult life in the U.S., including financial literacy -- the ability to make informed judgments and take effective actions regarding the current and future use and management of money. A recent Federal Act in 2009 mandated an examination of the relationship between fluency in the English language and financial literacy. This report examines the extent, if any, to which individuals with limited English proficiency are impeded in their financial literacy and conduct of financial affairs. Illustrations.
Debt protection and credit insurance products can cancel or suspend part or all of a credit card debt under specific circumstances, such as loss of life, disability, or involuntary unemployment. This report reviews these products' market share and characteristics, federal and state oversight, and advantages and disadvantages to consumers. The report analyzed data it had requested on these products from three major credit insurers and the nine largest credit card issuers. These nine issuers represented 85% of the credit card market. The report also reviewed the products' terms and conditions, related marketing materials, and applicable federal and state regulations. Charts and tables. This is a print on demand report.
Efforts to improve consumers¿ financial literacy (FL) have grown in recent years. Currently, hundreds of non-profit, private, and governmental entities provides some form of financial education to Americans. The federal government does not certify or approve organizations in general that provide FL, although the U.S. Trustee Program and the HUD have approval process for FL providers for the purposes of meeting requirements of, respectively, the bankruptcy process and certain housing programs. This report addresses: (1) what is known about which methods and strategies are effective for improving FL; and (2) the feasibility of a process for certifying FL providers. Charts and tables. This is a print on demand report.
In the U.S., payday lending (PL) is a $40 billion a year industry. A PL is a small-dollar loan -- from $100 to $500 and re-payable in about two weeks. Consumers can pay fees of $15-20 for every $100 borrowed. In 2006 the DoD reported on predatory lending, incl. PL, and found that these loans impacted military readiness and troop morale. Concerns were raised about PL to federal employees in law enforcement and national security positions at four components. This report examined: (1) how these federal law enforcement agencies become aware of employees who are potential security risks due to financial problems, including PL; and (2) various alternatives to PL. Charts and tables. This is a print on demand edition of an important, hard-to-find report.
Medicaid, a federal-state program that finances health care for certain low-income populations, can play a critical role in the provision of preventive services, which help prevent, diagnose, and manage health conditions. This report assessed: (1) the extent to which Medicaid children and adults have certain health conditions and receive certain preventive services; (2) for Medicaid children, state monitoring and promotion of the provision of preventive services; (3) for Medicaid adults, state coverage of preventive services; and (4) federal oversight by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Serv. The report analyzed data from nationally representative surveys, and also surveyed state Medicaid directors and interviewed federal officials. Illus.
Children's access to Medicaid dental services is a long-standing concern. Medicaid -- a joint fed. and state program that provides health care coverage, including dental care, for 30 million low-income children -- but, many children in Medicaid experience difficulty finding a dentist who would treat them. At the fed. level, the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) oversees Medicaid. This report examined: (1) state strategies to monitor and improve access to dental care for children in Medicaid; and (2) CMS actions since 2007 to improve oversight of Medicaid dental services for children. The author surveyed all state Medicaid programs and interviewed state and fed. officials, and dental researchers and associations. Charts and tables.
The Homeless Emerg. Assist. and Rapid Transition to Housing Act of 2009 (HEARTH Act) required this study of the appropriate admin. costs of HUD¿s Emerg. Shelter Grants Program (ESG) -- a formula-based program that supports services to homeless persons. This report discusses: (1) the types of admin. activities performed and admin. costs incurred under the ESG program, and the extent to which grant proceeds cover these admin. costs; (2) how the ESG program's allowance for admin. costs compares with admin. cost allowances for selected other targeted fed. homeless grant programs; and (3) how the nature or amount of admin. costs might be different under changes Congress made to the ESG program in the HEARTH Act. Tables and graphs.
Recent events have drawn attention to the health care provided to detainees held by U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE). This report provides: (1) a description of ICE's organizational structure for providing health care services to detainees, which includes a review of relevant governmental agreements; (2) information about ICE's annual spending and staffing resources devoted to the provision of health care for detainees, and the number of services provided; and (3) an assessment of whether ICE's mortality rate can be compared with the mortality rates of the Federal Bureau of Prisons and the U.S. Marshals Service -- two entities that are responsible for holding certain persons, such as criminals. Charts and tables.
In recent years, concerns have been raised about the adequacy of dental care for low-income children. Attention to this subject became more acute due to the case of Deamonte Driver, a 12-year-old boy who died as a result of an infected tooth that led to a fatal brain infection. Deamonte had health coverage through Medicaid, including dental care, for millions of low-income children. Deamonte had extensive dental disease and his family was unable to find a dentist to treat him. A report was issued that examined the extent to which children in Medicaid experience dental disease, the extent to which they receive dental care, and how these conditions have changed over time. This testimony summarizes this report. Illustrations.
The growing volume of consumer products imported into the U.S. has strained the resources of the Consumer Product Safety Comm. (CPSC), challenging the agency to find new ways to ensure the safety of these products. The Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act required this report to assess the effectiveness of CPSC¿s authorities over imported products. The objectives were to: (1) determine what is known about CPSC¿s effectiveness in using these authorities; (2) compare CPSC¿s authorities with those of selected U.S. agencies and international entities; and (3) evaluate CPSC¿s plans to prevent the entry of unsafe consumer products. Includes recommendations. Charts and tables.
In the wake of increased product recalls in 2007-2008, Congress passed the Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act of 2008 (CPSIA), which required the Consumer Product Safety Comm. (CPSC) to establish a database on the safety of consumer products that is publicly available, searchable, and accessible through the CPSC website. In response, CPSC launched SaferProducts.gov [www.saferproducts.gov] in March 2011, which has two main functions — to provide (1) a mechanism for online reporting of product safety issues and (2) the ability to search for these issues or others, such as recalls. This report examines (1) CPSC’s efforts to inform the public about SaferProducts.gov, (2) who is using the website and to what extent, and (3) the extent to which consumers have found the website to be useful. Tables and figures. This is a print on demand report.
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