In the wake of the financial crisis and Great Recession, the health of state and local pension plans has emerged as a front burner policy issue. Elected officials, academic experts, and the media alike have pointed to funding shortfalls with alarm, expressing concern that pension promises are unsustainable or will squeeze out other pressing government priorities. A few local governments have even filed for bankruptcy, with pensions cited as a major cause. Alicia H. Munnell draws on both her practical experience and her research to provide abroad perspective on the challenge of state and local pensions. She shows that the storyis big and complicated and cannot be viewed through a narrow prism such as accountingmethods or the role of unions. By examining the diversity of the public plan universe, Munnell debunks the notion that all plans are in trouble. In fact, she finds that while a few plans are basket cases, many are functioning reasonably well. Munnell's analysis concludes that the plans in serious trouble need a major overhaul. Buteven the relatively healthy plans face three challenges ahead: an excessive concentration of plan assets in equities; the risk that steep benefit cuts for new hires will harm workforce quality; and the constraints plans face in adjusting future benefits for current employees. Here, Munnell proposes solutions that preserve the main strengths of state and local pensions while promoting needed reforms.
The United States faces a serious retirement challenge. Many of today's workers will lack the resources to retire at traditional ages and maintain their pre-retirement standard of living. Falling Short explains how to meet the challenge, through both individual and collective actions to work longer and save more.
In this book, two experts on retirement policy analyze 401(k) plans, the fastest-growing type of employer-sponsored pensions and a vital source of retirement income for the American middle class.
Product DescriptionSocial Security has a long-term financing problem. More of us will soon be collecting benefits with not many more paying taxes to support the program. The Social Security Fix-It book is a short, colorful guide to the program, its financing issues, and the leading proposals for eliminating the shortfall. Cheerfully narrated and easy to read, this book seeks to raise public awareness to achieve a long-lasting solution.About the AuthorAlicia H. Munnell is the Director of the Center for Retirement Research at Boston College and the Peter F. Drucker Professor in Management Sciences at the Carroll School of Management at Boston College. Steven A. Sass is Associate Director for Research at the Center for Retirement Research at Boston College. Andrew Eschtruth is Associate Director for External Relations at the Center for Retirement Research at Boston College.
In the wake of the financial crisis and Great Recession, the health of state and local pension plans has emerged as a front burner policy issue. Elected officials, academic experts, and the media alike have pointed to funding shortfalls with alarm, expressing concern that pension promises are unsustainable or will squeeze out other pressing government priorities. A few local governments have even filed for bankruptcy, with pensions cited as a major cause. Alicia H. Munnell draws on both her practical experience and her research to provide abroad perspective on the challenge of state and local pensions. She shows that the storyis big and complicated and cannot be viewed through a narrow prism such as accountingmethods or the role of unions. By examining the diversity of the public plan universe, Munnell debunks the notion that all plans are in trouble. In fact, she finds that while a few plans are basket cases, many are functioning reasonably well. Munnell's analysis concludes that the plans in serious trouble need a major overhaul. Buteven the relatively healthy plans face three challenges ahead: an excessive concentration of plan assets in equities; the risk that steep benefit cuts for new hires will harm workforce quality; and the constraints plans face in adjusting future benefits for current employees. Here, Munnell proposes solutions that preserve the main strengths of state and local pensions while promoting needed reforms.
The United States faces a serious retirement challenge. Many of today's workers will lack the resources to retire at traditional ages and maintain their pre-retirement standard of living. Falling Short explains how to meet the challenge, through both individual and collective actions to work longer and save more.
In this book, two experts on retirement policy analyze 401(k) plans, the fastest-growing type of employer-sponsored pensions and a vital source of retirement income for the American middle class.
This volume explores the reasons people save money, how they decide to allocate their wealth once they retire, and how givers select their beneficiaries. It also assesses the extent to which the estate tax and annuitization of retirement wealth affects the amount and nature of wealth transfers. Finally, it looks at the impact of bequests on the economy.The first section summarizes existing knowledge and puts the current U.S. experience in perspective by offering first a historical view and then an international view. The second explores the reasons for wealth transfers and how givers select their beneficiaries. The contributors consider whether bequests are left by accident or on purpose, how people decide between philanthropic organizations and family, and who gets the bequest within a family. In the third section, the discussion shifts from the inner workings of the household to external factors that affect bequests—namely, taxes and benefits. The final section looks at the impact of wealth transfers on the amount of aggregate saving and capital accumulation and on the distribution of wealth among households.The contributors conclude that wealth transfers are big and important. Understanding how people make their consumption, saving, and bequest decisions is crucial for predicting how people will respond to major changes, such as the plan to phase out the estate tax.Contributors include Andrew Abel (Wharton School), James Andreoni (University of Wisconsin), Theodore Bergstrom (University of California), Jeffrey R. Brown (John F. Kennedy School of Government, National Bureau of Economic Research), Charles Clotfelter (Duke University), Donald Cox (Boston College), J. Bradford DeLong (University of California), Peter Diamond (MIT), Amy Finkelstein (National Bureau of Economic Research), William Gale (Brookings Institution), Jonathan Gruber (MIT), John J. Havens (Social Welfare Research Institute, Boston College), Michael D. Hurd (RAND), Wojciech Kopczuk (University of British Columbia), Laurence J. Kotlikoff (Boston University), John Laitner (University of Michigan), Ray D. Madoff (Boston College Law School), Kathleen McGarry (University of California, National Bureau of Economic Research), Olivia S. Mitchell (Wharton School), Alicia H. Munnell (Center for Retirement Research, Boston College), Peter Orszag (Brookings Institution), Pierre Pestieau (University of Liège, CEPR), James Poterba (MIT), Samara Potter (Brookings Institution), Paul G. Schervish (Social Welfare Research Institute, Boston College), John Karl Scholz (University of Wisconsin), Jonathan S. Skinner (Dartmouth College, National Bureau of Economic Research), Joel Slemrod (University of Michigan), Mauricio Soto (Center for Retirement Research, Boston College), Annika Sundén (Center for Retirement Research, Boston College), Catherine Taylor (Center for Retirement Research, Boston College), and Edward N. Wolff (New York University).
Competing reform proposals reflect contrasting views about the nature of the Social Security problem and how to solve it. This book examines issues about privatization, national savings and economic growth, the political risks and realities in reforms, lessons from private pension developments in the United States, and the efforts of other advanced industrial countries to adapt their old-age pensions to an aging population. It also poses philosophical arguments about collective versus individual responsibility and the implications of market risks and political risks for stable and secure retirement income policy.
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