Handbook of Low Carbon Concrete brings together the latest breakthroughs in the design, production, and application of low carbon concrete. In this handbook, the editors and contributors have paid extra attention to the emissions generated by coarse aggregates, emissions due to fine aggregates, and emissions due to cement, fly ash, GGBFS, and admixtures. In addition, the book provides expert coverage on emissions due to concrete batching, transport and placement, and emissions generated by typical commercially produced concretes. - Includes the tools and methods for reducing the emissions of greenhouse gases - Explores technologies, such as carbon capture, storage, and substitute cements - Provides essential data that helps determine the unique factors involved in designing large, new green cement plants
3D Concrete Printing Technology provides valuable insights into the new manufacturing techniques and technologies needed to produce concrete materials. In this book, the editors explain the concrete printing process for mix design and the fresh properties for the high-performance printing of concrete, along with commentary regarding their extrudability, workability and buildability. This is followed by a discussion of three large-scale 3D printings of ultra-high performance concretes, including their processing setup, computational design, printing process and materials characterization. Properties of 3D-printed fiber-reinforced Portland cement paste and its flexural and compressive strength, density and porosity and the 3D-printing of hierarchical materials is also covered. - Explores the factors influencing the mechanical properties of 3D printed products out of magnesium potassium phosphate cement material - Includes methods for developing Concrete Polymer Building Components for 3D Printing - Provides methods for formulating geopolymers for 3D printing for construction applications
“Oh, Allah, You are my only trust in every calamity. You are my only hope in every hardship. You are the only promise in anxiety and distress, in which hearts become weak and (human) action becomes slight, whereby one is deserted and forsaken by his own friends, and the enemies take malicious pleasure and rejoice at his misfortunes. Oh, Allah, I submit myself to You. My complaint is to You alone against my enemies, and to You alone is my desire and request. Who else other than You can relieve me from grief? You alone are the custodian of every blessing and the master of every excellence and the last resort for every desire.” —the prayer of the Imam-Husayn (AS) on the Day of Ashura
The Annual International Conference on Shi‘i Studies is organised by the Research and Publications Department of The Islamic College, London. The conference aims to provide a broad platform for scholars working in the field of Shi‘i Studies to present their latest research and to explore diverse opinions on Shi‘i thought, practice, and heritage. This book comprises a selection of papers from the second conference held on 7–8 May 2016.
This book explores Iranian music education history, detailing its beginnings in 1900 up to present practices and challenges contextualised in the wider society and culture. In addition to this historical account, the text offers detailed and well-illustrated discussions of playing various Iranian classical musical instruments, with discussions of key pedagogical parameters of the tone production and performance of Iranian classical instruments. The information provided here will serve to stimulate further research into Iranian music pedagogy and repertoires, the Ney and Iranian instrumental pedagogy in general. This book offers musicians, educators, historians and musicologists a comprehensive investigation of Iranian instrumental music pedagogy, and fills a current gap in the literature on important global musical and music learning traditions
A valuable resource for cosmetic and reconstructive surgeons at all levels of training and expertise, Rhinoplasty: A Case-Based Approach offers systematic, expert coverage of both common and complex rhinoplasty procedures performed in today's practice. Each chapter offers a carefully written teaching case that outlines essential information related to fundamental aspects of the condition—all from the world's leading experts in rhinoplasty and aesthetic surgery. Numerous high-quality illustrations and procedural videos help you master the techniques that lead to optimal outcomes and increased patient satisfaction. - Presents more than 150 teaching cases that represent the full range of today's practice of cosmetic surgery. Cases are ones most commonly seen, or those that have significant implications for modern clinical practice. - Provides the presentation, physical exam findings, and laboratory and imaging studies for each case, along with an analysis of treatment options, complications, selected references, and other relevant information. - Reflects real-life clinical perspectives, presenting patients as they would before a surgery, followed by an expert walk-through of the procedure. - Features high-quality clinical images and clear anatomical artwork, as well as procedural videos for real-time visual guidance. - Shares the experience and knowledge of internationally renowned surgeons who draw from different training backgrounds to provide a multidisciplinary approach to the vast array of patient desires for beauty and functionality.
This book addresses the urgent need for insights into integrating digital technologies in EFL teaching. The book explores strategies for leveraging e-learning tools to enhance language learning experiences. Methodologically, it synthesizes existing literature, incorporates case studies, and gathers insights from interviews with experienced EFL instructors. Key findings highlight the effectiveness of digital strategies in promoting language acquisition, engagement, and interactivity. However, limitations include challenges related to technology access and varying digital literacy levels among students. The book’s impact lies in reshaping EFL pedagogy by bridging traditional methods with contemporary digital resources. The contribution to research is evident in synthesizing current scholarship and identifying emerging trends in digital language education. Practitioners benefit from practical applications, fostering innovation in teaching approaches. “Digital Pathways in English Pedagogy” is a valuable resource fostering a paradigm shift in EFL instruction by embracing the transformative potential of digital technologies.
Iran is currently experiencing the most important change in its history since the revolution of 1979 and the establishment of the Islamic Republic: The regime in Tehran, traditionally ruled by the Shia clergy, is transforming into a military dictatorship dominated by the officers of the Islamic Revolutionary Guards Corps (IRGC; Sepah-e Pasdaran-e Enqelab-e Eslami). This transformation is changing not only the economy and society in Iran, but also the Islamic Republic’s relations with the United States and its allies.
The surprise election of Hasan Rouhani in 2013 has refocused attention on the dynamics between Islam and democracy in Iran after the hiatus of the Ahmadinejad presidency. With comparisons being drawn between Rouhani and his predecessor, the late Reformist President Mohammad Khatami, there has never been a better time for a close look at the rise and fall of the Reform movement in Iran, situating it within the context of the “politics of managing change.” This revised and updated edition incorporates recent work on the presidential election crisis of 2009, along with the election of Rouhani in 2013, and an additional essay on the idea of reformism in Iran in historical context. The study remains then most comprehensive account of the politics of reform and, in situating the Rouhani presidency within that context, it shines a clear light on the pressures and pitfalls Iran faces in politics and international relations.
This book focuses on the application of ionic liquids in flow assurance in the oil and gas industry. It discusses their physiochemical properties, and considers the role of ionic liquids as gas hydrate inhibitors in offshore pipelines. Gas hydrate occurrence can pose a major threat to pipeline integrity. Therefore, different categories of gas hydrate inhibitors and the main factors influencing ionic liquids during gas hydrate inhibition are examined thoroughly. The use of ionic liquids as corrosion inhibitors, their application in flow assurance industry to mitigate corrosion, and factors affecting their performance are discussed. Finally, the applications of ionic liquids in wax, scale and asphaltenes deposition control is explored. The extensive discussion of ionic liquids in flow assurance mean that this book will be of use to researchers, engineers, and industry professionals in upstream processing of the oil and gas sector.
During the Iranian Revolution of 1978/9, the influence of public intellectuals was widespread. Many espoused a vision of Iran freed from the influences of 'Westtoxification', inspired by Heideggerian concepts of anti-Western nativism. By following the intellectual journey of the Iranian philosopher Ahmad Fardid, Ali Mirsepassi offers in this book an account of the rise of political Islam in modern Iran. Through his controversial persona and numerous public and private appearances before, during and particularly after the Revolution, Fardid popularised an Islamist vision militantly hostile to the modern world that remains a fundamental part of the political philosophy of the Islamic Republic to this day. By also bringing elements of Fardid's post-revolutionary thought, as well as a critical analysis of Foucault's writings on 'the politics of spirituality', Mirsepassi offers an essential read for all those studying the evolution of political thought and philosophy in modern Iran and beyond.
Anorexia nervosa is a life-threatening disorder associated with high rates of relapse and ineffective therapeutic models. Conventional treatments overlook the biological consequences of self-starvation – consequences that impact brain function, cognition, and behavior. As mainstream medicine continues to ignore the proven relationship between nutrition and mental health, this book delivers lifesaving information. Dr. Greenblatt outlines how to correct nutrient deficiencies and decrease anxiety – the keys to lasting recovery from anorexia. Answers to Anorexia presents a model of anorexia treatment that prioritizes the correction of nutritional deficiencies. In tandem with other interventions, this model comprises an approach that is comprehensive, cogent, and successful.
Pakistan is the sixth most populous country in the world. Unexpectedly, the education system in Pakistan is quite orthodox in teaching and learning. There are numerous educational institutes in Pakistan but they are rigorously following conventions. There are problems with infrastructure, and in some areas, the basic facilities are also not there. Sometimes the classrooms are overpopulated, and sometimes there are places where no teacher is available to teach the students. There are instances where the basic infrastructure is not complete and there are no proper classrooms for teaching and learning. All these factors are causing a lot of problems for learners to compete in the modern world. English enjoys the status of official language in the country but, surprisingly, learning English is a troublesome area. There are problems not only in basic English language learning but also many second language learners face problems when they appear in international tests and competitive examinations. English language classrooms are usually boring and uninteresting. Therefore, this book is written with an aim to provide alternative solutions to the conventional methods by integrating modern technology tools in Pakistani classrooms. The scope of this book is widened for language researchers, policymakers, readers and administrators of the government to analyse some of the problems and issues mentioned in this book and develop a roadmap for better education. Some of the key elements of this book are as follows: This is the first research-based book to explore some of the latest research tools in Pakistani classrooms This book is based on research-based chapters Shows pictures of local English language classrooms Provides insights and practices for integrating modern methods in English language classrooms
Moral Rationalism and Sharī'a is the first attempt at outlining the scope for a theological reading of Sharī'a, based on a critical examination of why 'Adliyya theological ethics have not significantly impacted Shī'ī readings of Sharī'a. Within Shī'ī works of Sharī 'a legal theory (usūl al-fiqh) there is a theoretical space for reason as an independent source of normativity alongside the Qur’ān and the Prophetic tradition. The position holds that humans are capable of understanding moral values independently of revelation. Describing themselves as 'Adliyya (literally the people of Justice), this allows the Shī 'a, who describe themselves as 'Adiliyya (literally, the People of Justice), to attribute a substantive rational conception of justice to God, both in terms of His actions and His regulative instructions. Despite the Shī'ī adoption of this moral rationalism, independent judgments of rational morality play little or no role in the actual inference of Sharī 'a norms within mainstream contemporary Shī'ī thought. Through a close examination of the notion of independent rationality as a source in modern Shī'ī usūl al-fiqh, the obstacles preventing this moral rationalism from impacting the understanding of Sharī 'a are shown to be purely epistemic. In line with the ‘emic’ (insider) approach adopted, these epistemic obstacles are revisited identifying the scope for allowing a reading of Sharī'a that is consistent with the fundamental moral rationalism of Shī'ī thought. It is argued that judgments of rational morality, even when not definitively certain, cannot be ignored in the face of the apparent meaning of texts that are themselves also not certain. An 'Adliyya reading of Sharī'a demands that the strength of independent rational evidence be reconciled against the strength of any other apparently conflicting evidence, such that independent judgments of rational morality act as a condition for the validity of precepts attributed to a just and moral God.
This book features an in-depth examination of the ongoing problem of bovine mastitis and the potential solutions offered by polymer nanoparticles. With extensive research and analysis, the book delves into the causes and consequences of bovine mastitis, including the shift in the relevance of various infections and the increasing problem of antibiotic resistance. The authors explore the use of nanoparticles as a potential alternative to traditional antibiotics and the importance of tailoring their characteristics for specific uses. Detailed discussions of the pros and cons of different manufacturing procedures and characterizations of bovine mastitis, drug-resistant bacteria, and resistance development make this monograph an invaluable resource for researchers and experts in the field of veterinary medicine, and an excellent resource for those interested in investigating the viability of nano-materials as future antibiotic alternatives.
A professional reference title written primarily for researchers in thermal engineering, Combined Cooling, Heating and Power: Decision-Making, Design and Optimization summarizes current research on decision-making and optimization in combined cooling, heating, and power (CCHP) systems. The authors provide examples of using these decision-making tools with five examples that run throughout the book. - Offers a unique emphasis on newer techniques in decision-making - Provides examples of decision-making tools with five examples that run throughout the book
The Annual International Conference on Shi‘i Studies is organised by the Research and Publications Department of The Islamic College, London. The conference aims to provide a broad platform for scholars working in the field of Shi‘i Studies to present their latest research and explore diverse opinions on Shi‘i thought, practice, and heritage. This book comprises a selection of papers from the eighth conference held on 13 May 2023.
What is the relationship between development as a globalizing project and the production of cultural specificities in developmental contexts? Utilising an architectural lens, this book illustrates how development instigates interest in the past and in the process, creates heritage. It show multiple uses of the past and their contestation in highly fluid social contexts.
Examines the critical turn that shaped Imami Shi'ism in the 10th and 11th centuriesaGod is not free to act; He is bound by human ethics. To be just, He must create an individual of perfect intellect and infallible morality. People are obligated to submit to this person; otherwise eternal damnation awaits them.While these claims may be interpreted as an affront to Gods power, an insult to human judgment and a justification for despotism, ShiE i Muslims in the eleventh century eagerly adopted them in their attempts to forge a arational religious discourse. They utilized everything from literary studies and political theory to natural philosophy and metaphysical speculation in support of this project. This book presents the contribution of al-SharAf al-MurtaaA (d. 1044) of Baghdad, the thinker most responsible for this irreversible change, which remains central to Imami identity. It analyzes his intellectual project and establishes the dynamic context which prompted him to pour the old wine of ShiE i doctrine into the new wineskin of systematic MuE tazili theology.aKey FeaturesComprehensive coverage of al-MurtaaAs enormous oeuvre (running to several thousand pages) and diversity (spanning virtually all contemporary fields of knowledge)A meticulous engagement with long and dense theoretical texts that are either in manuscript form or poorly editedAn orderly presentation that equips readers with an overall understanding of ShiE i theology in its main phases while preserving the profundity of analysisThe study of a little-known author whose views, nonetheless, are still a major influence for ShiE i Muslims
The science of tafsir (exegesis of the Qur'an) was one of the earliest academic activities in Islam. Since the Qur'an's revelation, a variety of methods and approaches have been developed to interpret its verses. This introductory textbook deals with the most important methods used in tafsir. Having made the distinction between exegetical 'methods' and 'approaches', the author focsues his analysis on the following exegetical methods: tasfir of the Qur'an by the Qur'an, narrative exegesis, intellectual and reason-based exegesis, scientific exegesis, allusive exegesis, exegesis by personal opinion, and comprehensive exegesis. This is an ideal textbook for beginners to the subject. There are useful summaries at the end of each chapter as well as questions, research tasks, and suggestions for further reading. The text abounds with examples from the works of leading exegetes and is written in a clear and lucid style.
Logic is traditionally defined as a rule-based instrument, the application of which keeps the mind from making mistakes in reasoning. Logic teaches us various types of arguments and explains how to distinguish valid arguments from non-valid ones. This book is an English translation of Sayyid Ali Murtada’s 'Ilm al-Mantiq published in 2014. The Arabic original is based on Muhammad Rida al-Muzaffar’s (1904–1963) al-Mantiq, a textbook on logic used in Islamic seminaries. The present work is an introduction to logic and deals with topics ranging from conception, judgment, and signification to the four relations, the five universals, and the definition of propositions, contradiction, and syllogisms.
This book provides the most up-to-date information on hybrid solar cell and solar thermal collectors, which are commonly referred to as Photovoltaic/Thermal (PV/T) systems. PV/T systems convert solar radiation into thermal and electrical energy to produce electricity, utilize more of the solar spectrum, and save space by combining the two structures to cover lesser area than two systems separately. Research in this area is growing rapidly and is highlighted within this book. The most current methods and techniques available to aid in overall efficiency, reduce cost and improve modeling and system maintenance are all covered. In-depth chapters present the background and basic principles of the technology along with a detailed review of the most current literature. Moreover, the book details design criteria for PV/T systems including residential, commercial, and industrial applications. Provides an objective and decisive source for the supporters of green and renewable source of energy Discusses and evaluates state-of-the-art PV/T system designs Proposes and recommends potential designs for future research on this topic
This thesis presents a significant contribution to decentralized resource allocation problems with strategic agents. The study focused on three classes of problems arising in communication networks. (C1). Unicast service provisioning in wired networks. (C2). Multi-rate multicast service provisioning in wired networks. (C3). Power allocation and spectrum sharing in multi-user multi-channel wireless communication systems. Problems in (C1) are market problems; problems in (C2) are a combination of markets and public goods; problems in (C3) are public goods. Dr. Kakhbod developed game forms/mechanisms for unicast and multi-rate multicast service provisioning that possess specific properties. First, the allocations corresponding to all Nash equilibria (NE) of the games induced by the mechanisms are optimal solutions of the corresponding centralized allocation problems, where the objective is the maximization of the sum of the agents' utilities. Second, the strategic agents voluntarily participate in the allocation process. Third, the budget is balanced at the allocations corresponding to all NE of the game induced by the mechanism as well as at all other feasible allocations. For the power allocation and spectrum sharing problem, he developed a game form that possesses the second and third properties as detailed above along with a fourth property: the allocations corresponding to all NE of the game induced by the mechanism are Pareto optimal. The thesis contributes to the state of the art of mechanism design theory. In particular, designing efficient mechanisms for the class of problems that are a combination of markets and public goods, for the first time, have been addressed in this thesis. The exposition, although highly rigorous and technical, is elegant and insightful which makes this thesis work easily accessible to those just entering this field and will also be much appreciated by experts in the field.
For the public at large Shi’ism often implies a host of confused representations, suggesting more often than not obscurantism, intolerance, political violence and other ignominies running hot or cold in response to world events. In fact for many people, Shi’ism stands for "radical Islam", or – worse – "Islamic terrorism". In some respects, nothing is more familiar than Shi’ism, and yet nothing is more misunderstood. For some twenty years the media have increased their coverage of the phenomenon. Never, or only rarely, do they formulate the question we ask here: what is Shi’ism? What is this belief that inspires millions of people dispersed throughout the world? This book provides a broad based introduction to Shi’i Islam. It examines what the Shi’i believe, how they see themselves and how they view the world. It includes a thorough examination of doctrine, philosophy, the Shi’i approach to the Qur’an and the historical evolution of Shi’ism as a branch of Islam. Too often, and too quickly, the conclusion is drawn that Shi’ism is a marginal heretical sect, fundamentally alien to the deeper truth of the great religion of Islam, thrust by historical accident onto the political stage. Shi’ism either speaks the truth of Islam, meaning that it is a truth of terror, or it is entirely foreign to Islam and, therefore, merits outright rejection, as Islamic fundamentalists and some individuals repeatedly claim. This book intends to explain why such common misunderstandings of Shi’ism have taken root. Written in an accessible format and providing a thorough overview of Shi’ism, this book will be an essential text for students and scholars of Islamic Studies or Iranian Studies.
Since the middle of the nineteenth century, Iranian intellectuals have been preoccupied by issues of political and social reform, Iran's relation with the modern West, and autocracy, or arbitrary rule. Drawing from a close reading of a broad array of primary sources, this book offers a thematic account of the Iranian intelligentsia from the Constitutional movement of 1905 to the post-1979 revolution. Ali Gheissari shows how in Iran, as in many other countries, intellectuals have been the prime mediators between the forces of tradition and modernity and have contributed significantly to the formation of the modern Iranian self image. His analysis of intellectuals' response to a number of fundamental questions, such as nationalism, identity, and the relation between Islam and modern politics, sheds new light on the factors that led to the Iranian Revolution—the twentieth century's first major departure from Western political ideals—and helps explain the complexities surrounding the reception of Western ideologies in the Middle East.
Without patience truth and steadfast logic of exalted school of religion wouldnt have been understood. Divine learning of Islam, which blessed humanity, would have lost its color with the passage of time. Ultimate hope of victory of truth over falsehood, which provides life-giving fresh blood for the powerful hands and steadfast steps of believers, would have been silenced forever. Without patience existence of Monotheism, prophet-hood, and prophetic mission would havent been possible and produced any fruits. Rights of deprived people couldnt have been obtained from the tyrants. Also, prayers, fasting, and other deeds would have lost their meanings. During his limited span of life in this world, a human being between his birth and death is a traveler on the road towards final destination. He has been fundamentally created to endeavor as much as possible to bring himself close to final destination. The primary aim of divine religions and great prophets was to build an Islamic society providing a suitable field in which human beings could travel, ultimately reaching their desired goal. *** The present book contains a detailed commentary about the philosophy of daily ritual prayer in Islam. The writer describes Prayer of Islam like a siren for awakening us; a warning at different hours of day and night which provides a program for human beings, requiring their commitment for its execution. Thus, it bestows meanings to spent days and nights and makes them accountable for passing moments. Prayer of Islam by inspiration and repetition of Gods remembrance connects limited vulnerable human beings to infinite and absolute source of power and thus, makes him rely upon that supreme source. Therefore, a believer or a society of believers through establishing prayer burns the roots of deviations, sins, corruptions within themselves and their social environments; as well as at the same time neutralizes completely all kind of sinful thoughts and internal and external motives of wickedness be individual or collective, whatsoever. Certainly prayer protects individual as well as a society from all sorts of undesirable and shameful acts.
Strategic Management for Hospitality and Tourism is an essential text for both intermediate and advanced learners aspiring to build their knowledge related to the theories and perspectives on the topic. The book provides critical and analytical insights on contemporary theoretical models and management practices while enhancing the learning process through worked examples and cases applied to the hospitality and tourism setting. This new edition highlights the rapidly changing socio-economic and political global landscape and addresses the cultural and socio-economic complexities of hospitality and tourism organizations in the new era. It has been fully updated to include: A new chapter on finance, business ethics, corporate social responsibility, and leadership as well as new content on globalisation, experience economy, crisis management, consumer power, developing service quality, innovation and implementation of principles. New features to aid understanding of the application of theory, and spur critical thinking and decision making. New international case studies with reflective questions throughout the book from both SME’s and large-scale businesses. Updated online resources including PowerPoint presentations, additional case studies and exercises, and web links to aid both teaching and learning. Highly illustrated and in full colour design, this book is essential reading for all future hospitality and tourism managers.
This book sets out how contemporary Iranian scholars have approached the Qurʾān during recent decades. It particularly aims to explore the contributions of scholars that have emerged in the post 1979-revolution era, outlining their primary interpretive methods and foundational theories regarding the reading of the Qurʾān. Examining issues such as the status of women, democracy, freedom of religion and human rights, this book analyses the theoretical contributions of several Iranian scholars, some of which are new to the English-speaking academy. The hermeneutical approaches of figures such Abdolkarim Soroush, Muhammad Mojtahed Shabestari, Mohsen Kadivar, Hasan Yousefi-Eshkevari, Abolqasem Fanaie and Mostafa Malekian are presented and then analysed to demonstrate how a contextualist approach to the Qu’ran has been formed in response to the influence of Western Orientalism. The effect of this approach to the Qu’ran is then shown to have wide-ranging effects on Iranian society. This study reveals Qu’ranic thought that has been largely overlooked by the West. It will, therefore. Be of great use to academics in Religious, Islamic and Qurʾānic studies as well as those studying the culture of Iran and the Middle East more generally.
Hybrid Poly-generation Energy Systems: Thermal Design and Exergy Analysis provides an analysis of the latest technologies and concepts of hybrid energy systems, focusing on thermal applications. The book guides readers through an introduction to hybrid poly-generation systems and the storage options available before working through the types of hybrid systems, including solar, fuel cells, combustion, and heating and cooling. An analysis of the economic and environmental impact of each system is included, as well as methods and approaches for exergy and energy improvement analysis. This book can be used as a tool for understanding new concepts in this emerging field and as a reference for researchers and professionals working on the integrated cogeneration of power systems. - Guides the reader through hybrid processes they can apply to their own system designs - Explains operational processes and includes multiple examples of optimization techniques - Includes renewable energy sources, CO2 capturing processes in combined systems and advanced exergy analysis methods
The Annual International Conference on Shi‘i Studies is organised by the Research and Publications Department of The Islamic College, London. The conference aims to provide a broad platform for scholars working in the field of Shi‘i Studies to present their latest research and to explore diverse opinions on Shi‘i thought, practice, and heritage. This book comprises a selection of papers from the sixth conference held on 13 March 2021.
In late nineteenth century Lucknow, two rival story-tellers, Syed Muhammad Husain Jah and Ahmed Husain Qamar, wrote a fantasy in the Urdu language whose equal had not been heard before, and which has never been rivalled since. It was called Tilism-e Hoshruba. The writers claimed that the tale had been passed down to them from story-tellers going back centuries: it was a part of the beloved oral epic, The Adventures of Amir Hamza which had come to the Indian subcontinent via Persia and had gained in popularity during the reign of Akbar, the Mughal emperor. The Tilism-e-Hoshruba is the subcontinent’s first wholly indigenous Indo-Islamic fantasy epic. It tells the stories of Amir Hamza’s military forces, his grandson and his loyal band of tricksters (masters of wit and disguise) as they go to war with Afrasiyab, the sorcerer who rules the magical land of Hoshruba. Fantasy, the occult, adventure and romance play themselves out in a typically Indian setting as wizards, sorceresses, tricksters and royalty pitch themselves into the battle for Hoshruba. The characters of the epic are marvels of literary creation, and are much more colourful and dashing than those of the Amir Hamza cycle of tales. The Tilism-e Hoshruba runs to twenty four volumes and will be translated into English for the first time ever by Musharraf Ali Farooqi, the acclaimed translator of The Adventures of Amir Hamza. Random House India will publish all the volumes starting with Hoshruba: The Land and the Tilism, i.e. Book 1 of the series.
What was the relationship between government and religion in Middle Eastern history? In a world of caliphs, sultans, and judges, who exercised political and religious authority? In this book, Ali Humayun Akhtar investigates debates about leadership that involved ruling circles and scholars of jurisprudence and theology. At the heart of this story is a medieval rivalry between three caliphates: the Umayyads of Cordoba, the Fatimids of Cairo, and the Abbasids of Baghdad. In a fascinating revival of Late Antique Hellenism, Aristotelian and Platonic notions of wisdom became a key component of how these caliphs debated their authority as political leaders. By tracing how these political debates impacted the theological and jurisprudential scholars and their own conception of communal guidance, Akhtar offers a new picture of premodern political authority and the connections between Western and Islamic civilizations. It will be of use to students and specialists of the premodern and modern Middle East.
Classical data envelopment analysis (DEA) models use crisp data to measure the inputs and outputs of a given system. In cases such as manufacturing systems, production processes, service systems, etc., the inputs and outputs may be complex and difficult to measure with classical DEA models. Crisp input and output data are fundamentally indispensable in the conventional DEA models. If these models contain complex uncertain data, then they will become more important and practical for decision makers.Uncertainty in Data Envelopment Analysis introduces methods to investigate uncertain data in DEA models, providing a deeper look into two types of uncertain DEA methods, fuzzy DEA and belief degree-based uncertainty DEA, which are based on uncertain measures. These models aim to solve problems encountered by classical data analysis in cases where the inputs and outputs of systems and processes are volatile and complex, making measurement difficult. - Introduces methods to deal with uncertain data in DEA models, as a source of information and a reference book for researchers and engineers - Presents DEA models that can be used for evaluating the outputs of many reallife systems in social and engineering subjects - Provides fresh DEA models for efficiency evaluation from the perspective of imprecise data - Applies the fuzzy set and uncertainty theories to DEA to produce a new method of dealing with the empirical data
This book is the first in the literature to present the state of the art and some interesting and relevant applications of the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP). The AHP is a conceptually and mathematically simple, easily implementable, yet extremely powerful tool for group decision making and is used around the world in a wide variety of decision situations, in fields such as government, business, industry, healthcare, and education. The aim of this book is to study various fuzzy methods for dealing with the imprecise and ambiguous data in AHP. Features: First book available on FAHP. Showcases state-of-the-art developments. Contains several novel real-life applications. Provides useful insights to both academics and practitioners in making group decisions under uncertainty This book provides the necessary background to work with existing fuzzy AHP models. Once the material in this book has been mastered, the reader will be able to apply fuzzy AHP models to his or her problems for making decisions with imprecise data.
This book argues that, to be healthy, human beings should love nature and stay in balance with it as much as possible. In other words: do not unbalance nature so that your own balance is not disturbed. The best and healthiest way for human beings to live is to find balance in life and nature. In this regard, the book discusses useful, nutritious, functional foods, nutraceuticals and antioxidants, and how natural molecules, which are provided by nature, can be the best medicine for human beings. At a molecular level, stress is defined by the presence of unbalanced free radicals in the body. Most diseases – especially type 2 diabetes, which accounts for the majority of diabetics – can be traced back to this problem. Our scientific evidence indicates that type 2 diabetes isn’t just a disease resulting from sugar, but also from stress. The book seeks to promote a healthier lifestyle by considering the psychoemotional dimension of wellness. And finally, it contends that good sleep is at the root of health and happiness for humanity, and that unbalanced free radicals are expelled from the body during restful sleep. The authors hope that this book will be a helpful guide and source of peace for readers, especially given their need for inner calm during the COVID-19 pandemic, and that the suggestions provided will show them the way to a better life.
Islamic philosophy and Sufism evolved as distinct yet interweaving strands of Islamic thought and practice. Despite differences, they have shared a concern with the perfection of the soul through the development of character. In The Polished Mirror, Cyrus Ali Zargar studies the ways in which, through teaching and storytelling, pre-modern Muslims lived, negotiated, and cultivated virtues. Examining the writings of philosophers, ascetics, poets, and saints, he locates virtue ethics within a dynamic moral tradition. Innovative, engaging, and approachable, this work – the first in the English language to explore Islamic ethics in the fascinating context of narrative – will be a valuable resource for both students and scholars.
This book is about how to make the method of morphological regionalization, proposed in the early 1960s, more useful and practicable for planning, urban design and architecture. This book is about cities; more precisely, about how cities can be characterized based on the main elements of urban form. It provides a systematic way of description and explanation of the historico-geographical structure of the urban landscape. It offers a step-by-step methodology for the identification of morphological regions as a key tool for planning practice and townscape management. The book is divided in seven parts. The first part is the introduction, motivation, research goal and objectives, and the structure of the book. The second part of the book offers an overview of urban morphology, urban morphological approaches, the concept of morphological region and its past applications worldwide. The third part is the methodological procedures for the implementation of this morphological approach to cities. The fourth and fifth parts are the implementation of this methodology into two case studies, Istanbul and Antequera. The sixth part offers a discussion of results. And, finally, the seventh part is constituted by a set of conclusions.
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