Drawing from Greco-Roman history, Second-Temple Jewish studies, archaeology, the social world of the New Testament, parable studies, and the burgeoning literature on Galilee, The People of the Parables describes life in first-century Galilee as it was experienced by the characters in Jesus' parables. R. Alan Culpepper assesses both primary literature and recent research on Galilee--including important archaeological discoveries--and fashions a new and insightful social history of Galilee, the people of the parables, and the historical context of Jesus' ministry. Culpepper builds this history by elucidating the lives of first-century Galileans featured in Jesus' parables: children, women, daughters, mothers, widows, fathers, sons, landowners, tenants, day laborers, debtors, farmers, fishermen, shepherds, merchants, travelers, innkeepers, masters, slaves, tax collectors, judges, Pharisees, priests, Levites, Samaritans, bandits, and, finally, Jesus. Who these people were--their place in Galilean society, how they lived, socialized, worshiped, and conducted business; how they were educated--is described in straightforward, nontechnical language. Culpepper brings new meanings to the parables for today's readers by shedding light on the people of Galilee in the time of Jesus.
A highly original architectural history of Solomon’s Temple and Islam’s Dome of the Rock that doubles as a social and cultural history of the region The most extensive study of the interrelated history of two monuments, Solomon’s Temple and The Dome of the Rock, drawing on an exhaustive review of all the visual and textual evidence Relayed as a gripping narrative, allowing readers to re-enter and experience the emotions and the visceral reality of the major events in its history Integrates illustration with the text to offer a highly detailed and accurate portrait of the major structures and figures involved in the history of the temple Opens up a fascinating line of questioning into the conventional interpretation of events, particularly Christ’s actions in the Temple Reproduces rarely seen detailed drawings of the subterranean passages beneath Temple Mount as part of the British survey in the 19th century
Is Freemasonry nothing more than a benign and charitable men's social club as the Order insists or does it have a deeper and perhaps darker purpose? Could these men be part of the "Illuminati" - a group of intellectuals with extremely grand plans for the development of civilization? And if so, what is the grand plan that these men were so determined to bring about, and why should there be such opposition to it? Christopher Knight and Alan Butler reveal that present-day freemasons are the spiritual descendents of an ancient priesthood that was forced to act in secrecy. In the early days of Christianity, their views offended and opposed those of the orthodox Church, and later in feudal Europe, both the State and the established Church considered them heretics and sworn enemies. Yet, they could not be silenced - or defeated - and members of this priesthood have continued to this day to work in subtle and sometimes subversive ways to achieve their aims, often occupying very elevated positions within Western society, and always maintaining complete anonymity to those outside their fellowship. The extraordinary story that unfolds in "Solomon's Power Brokers" reveals that the building of the modern world was no haphazard process. There was a grand plan - and it has succeeded. The "New World Order" is already here.
In Subversive Meals, Alan Streett follows on from James C Scott's idea of a hidden transcript to argue that the Lord's Supper was a subversive, non-violent act against the Roman Empire. Primarily through exegesis of the writings of Luke and Paul, Streett examines the political nature of the meal in the context of first-century Roman domination. In his widely researched argument, Streett illuminates for the reader why understanding the Lord's Supper as a purely symbolic act overlooks the political significance it would have had in the first century CE. Subversive Meals analyses how the structure of the Lord's Supper followed that of a Roman banquet by having a deipon and a symposium, the latter being the time when anti-resistance discussions would take place. Streett examines several aspects of the history, context and theological significance of the Lord's Supper. He discusses such topics as the identification of Passover as an anti-imperial meal against the Pharaoh's rule, the Roman domination system, the meal practices of Jesus, the eschatological meaning of the Last Supper, the practice of this anti-imperial work ethic in the early church, and the gift of prophecy as a symposium activity. By seeing the Lord's Supper as a political act, readers will be able to study Scriptural passages more closely and precisely.
In this new critical commentary for the New Testament Library series, R. Alan Culpepper sets the Gospel of Matthew in the context of the competing Jewish and early Christian voices of the first century, bringing greater clarity to Matthew's own proclamation of the gospel and inviting readers to give up perhaps long-held assumptions about the book. In Culpepper’s treatment, Matthew emerges as a Gospel for a Jewish community, distinguishing itself from the Pharisees on one side and other early Christian traditions and leaders, especially Paul and his followers, on the other side. In this framework, Matthew calls his community to faithful observance of the law, a law-observant mission to both Jews and Gentiles, and repentance and the practice of forgiving in preparation for the coming judgment. Accordingly, Matthew takes readers back to an early period, before the separation of Jewish Christians from the synagogues. By taking seriously Matthew’s Jewishness, this volume also enables readers to hear the historical Jesus more clearly. Excursuses on Matthew’s social setting include Jesus as healer, Sabbath observance, Roman taxation, the Pharisees, the tithes, ancient weddings, and the Sanhedrin, as well as many shorter units on Second Temple Judaism, synagogues, and first-century Galilean society. The New Testament Library series offers authoritative commentary on every book and major aspect of the New Testament, providing fresh translations based on the best available ancient manuscripts, critical portrayals of the historical world in which the books were created, careful attention to their literary design, and a theologically perceptive exposition of the biblical text. The contributors are scholars of international standing. The editorial board consists of C. Clifton Black, Princeton Theological Seminary; John T. Carroll, Union Presbyterian Seminary; and Susan E. Hylen, Candler School of Theology, Emory University.
When the earliest Christ-followers were baptized they participated in a politically subversive act. Rejecting the Empire's claim that it had a divine right to rule the world, they pledged their allegiance to a kingdom other than Rome and a king other than Caesar (Acts 17:7). Many books explore baptism from doctrinal or theological perspectives, and focus on issues such as the correct mode of baptism, the proper candidate for baptism, who has the authority to baptize, and whether or not baptism is a symbol or means of grace. By contrast, Caesar and the Sacrament investigates the political nature of baptism. Very few contemporary Christians consider baptism's original purpose or political significance. Only by studying baptism in its historical context, can we discover its impact on first-century believers and the adverse reaction it engendered among Roman and Jewish officials. Since baptism was initially a rite of non-violent resistance, what should its function be today?
In The Wiley-Blackwell History of Jews and Judaism, a team of internationally-renowned scholars offer a comprehensive and authoritative overview of Jewish life and culture, from the biblical period to contemporary times. Provides a comprehensive and authoritative overview of the main periods and themes of Jewish history, from Biblical Israel, through medieval and early modern periods, to Judaism since the Holocaust, the Arab-Israeli conflict, and Judaism today Brings together an international team of established and emerging scholars across a range of disciplines Discusses how to present Judaism - to both non-Jews and Jews - as a religious system on its own terms and with its own unique vocabulary Explores the latest scholarship on a range of issues, including folk practices, politics, economic structure, the relationship of Judaism to Christianity, and the nature of Zionism diaspora and its implications for contemporary Israel Considers Jewish historiography and the lives of ordinary people, the achievements of Jewish women, and the sustained interaction of Jews within the environments they inhabited Edited by a leading scholar in Jewish studies and history
This Comparative Handbook surveys the Judaic environment of the Gospels of Matthew and Luke. Analogies are traced with the Pseudepigrapha (together with Philo and Josephus), discoveries related to Qumran, and Rabbinic Literature (inclusive of the Targumim).
The essays in this volume, which span four decades, represent sustained reflection on the historical setting, narrative devices, and theology of the Gospel of John. Methodologically, the essays develop a narrative-critical approach to the Gospel, producing insights that have implications for historical and theological issues. Thematically, many of the essays explore the Gospel's ecclesiology, especilly its vision for the church and its mission. As a collection, this volume provides an introduction to the Fourth Gospel, analyses of major issues (including John's anti-Judaism, relationship to 1 John, irony, imagery, creation ethics, evil, and eschatology), and in-depth exploration of key texts, especially John 1:1-18, 2:20; 4:35-38; 5:1-18; 5:21-30; 10:1-18; 12:12-15; 13:1-20; 19:16-30; 20:19-23; and chapter 21.
From three award-winning and bestselling humor writers comes a hilarious guide to everything you need to know about Jewish history, holidays, and traditions. Immerse yourself in the essence of Jewish humor and culture with A Field Guide to the Jewish People brought to you by Dave Barry, Adam Mansbach, and Alan Zweibel. Join them as they dissect every holiday, rite of passage, and tradition, unravel a long and complicated history, and tackle the tough questions that have plagued Jews and non-Jews alike for centuries. Combining the sweetness of an apricot rugelach with the wisdom of a matzoh ball, this is the last book on Judaism that you will ever need. So gather up your chosen ones, open a bottle of Manischewitz, and get ready to laugh as you finally begin to understand the inner-workings of Judaism.
Of all the oracle systems in use today, Tarot is arguably one of the better known. 78 Cards - 22 images which could be said to describe a journey through life and a further 56 which add people and textures to the main chapters of that adventure. As someone who has been exploring the Tarot for several decades, I can honestly say that it one of the most visually poetic embodiments of esoteric teachings available to the student of the arcane. It is frequently misrepresented as simply an oracle and given an esoteric history which is firmly in the realms of the fairy tale but when understood it is a symbolic initiatory system which opens a doorway to spiritual exploration. This book represents a way of taking a journey of self-discovery and in the process developing intuition and genuine insight.
In the comprehensive The New Testament: Its Background and Message, the late Thomas Lea presented a clear and concise introduction to the New Testament giving readers the key that unlocks the door to understanding these important texts. This influential work presents the background of the New Testament with broad strokes and with a focus on specific books including the Gospels, Acts, and Paul and his letters. Originally written in an easy-to-understand style and form, Lea’s text continues to unlock the message of the New Testament for both new students and seasoned scholars.
Nathan, son of Eli is a Jewish prince, a member of the Sadduccees, the Jewish ruling council of Israel. A brief conversation with Jesus forces Nathan to realize how important his wealth is to him. When disaster strikes, Nathan is forced to seek refuge in the desert, among Arabs, to escape the wrath of Rome. To survive, Nathan will no longer be able to rely on the power of the wealth he has always enjoyed. His only hope is to seek out the apostles of Jesus to gain knowledge of this new faith, known only as ""the way"". But first, he must face many trials if he is to achieve the prize of the kingdom Jesus promised.
For teachers and lovers of Shakespeare, ShakesFear and How to Cure It provides a comprehensive approach to the challenge and rewards of teaching Shakespeare and gives teachers both an overview of each of Shakespeare's 38 plays and specific classroom tools for teaching it. Written by a celebrated teacher, scholar and director of Shakespeare, it shows teachers how to use the text to make the words and the moments come alive for their students. It refutes the idea that Shakespeare's language is difficult and provides a survey of the plays by someone who has lived intimately with them on the page and on the stage.
A major new history of the Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire, set in a larger global context than previous accounts Previous accounts of the fall of the Inca empire have played up the importance of the events of one violent day in November 1532 at the highland Andean town of Cajamarca. To some, the "Cajamarca miracle"-in which Francisco Pizarro and a small contingent of Spaniards captured an Inca who led an army numbering in the tens of thousands-demonstrated the intervention of divine providence. To others, the outcome was simply the result of European technological and immunological superiority. Inca Apocalypse develops a new perspective on the Spanish invasion and transformation of the Inca realm. Alan Covey's sweeping narrative traces the origins of the Inca and Spanish empires, identifying how Andean and Iberian beliefs about the world's end shaped the collision of the two civilizations. Rather than a decisive victory on the field at Cajamarca, the Spanish conquest was an uncertain, disruptive process that reshaped the worldviews of those on each side of the conflict.. The survivors built colonial Peru, a new society that never forgot the Inca imperial legacy or the enduring supernatural power of the Andean landscape. Covey retells a familiar story of conquest at a larger historical and geographical scale than ever before. This rich new history, based on the latest archaeological and historical evidence, illuminates mysteries that still surround the last days of the largest empire in the pre-Columbian Americas.
THE MOST COMPREHENSIVE AND COMPELLING BOOK EVER WRITTEN ABOUT THE SECRET SOCIETY THAT SHAPED THE MODERN WORLD. Freemasonry, with its arcane rituals, occult symbols, and labyrinthine hierarchy, has mystifi ed the outside world for centuries. But it has become apparent that even the most senior Freemasons do not understand its ancient origins or purpose. So what is this powerful and arcane organization really for? In this eye-opening account, two seasoned researchers show that today’s Freemasons are the spiritual descendants of an ancient priesthood that was forced to act in secrecy. They predicted the birth of the coming Messiah, and Jesus Christ was part of their mission. Soon after the Crucifi xion they were nearly wiped out by a program of mass genocide conducted by the Romans; later, in feudal Europe, they grew to a position of unparalleled power before being branded as heretics and forced underground. But they could not be stopped, and they continued to work in subtle, sometimes subversive, always anonymous, ways to pursue their objective—a new world order that put God above, and yet out of, human affairs.
Time is a novel that explores the time that Mary and Jesus had together before the beginning of his ministry. It explores Jesus' relationships with brothers and sisters, with neighbors, and, most important, his relationship with God. Rooted in biblical tradition, Time offers significant insights into the family life, healings, parables, stories, and teachings that we associate with the ministry of Jesus.
Instead of using Acts as a prooftext for contemporary debates about speaking in tongues or church government, this New Studies in Biblical Theology volume offers a biblical-theological framework meant to expose Luke's own purposes and themes. We find that Luke wanted to be read in light of both the Old Testament promises and the reign of Christ in the inaugurated kingdom of God.
This book examines the Lukan themes of unity and disunity against ancient Greco-Roman and Jewish social and political discourses on concord and discord to better understand the context in which Luke highlights the themes of unity and disunity. The themes of unity and disunity are particularly prominent in ancient discussions of the reigns of rulers, evaluations of laws/constitutions/forms of government, and descriptions of the contrasting effects of unity and disunity in the destruction and preservation of peoples and cities. These themes are grouped under the broad categories of kingship and law, and the preservation and destruction of cities. The book contends that, in the context of its literary setting, the theme of the unity of the church under one Lord in Acts contributes to Lukan Christological claims that Christ is the true king, and Lukan ecclesiological claims that the Christian community is the true people of God.
Millard (Hebrew and ancient Semitic languages, U. of Liverpool, England) provides an overview of early writing including how it survived and what information it can provide. He then discusses specifically what kinds of biblical and religious writings survive, how they are dated, the form of the books, who was able to read and write at the time of their creation, and other matters. Bandw illustrations. Annotation copyrighted by Book News Inc., Portland, OR
Alan has been a pastor for more than 35 years. He is more than a preacher he is a wonderful story teller. He can make the stories of the Bible come alive by filling in the sights, sounds and smells that are happening all around the people. It is his goal to get people to read the Bible using the imagination God gave each of us as they read. He says, "There is so much to read in every Bible story and so much missed when we don't image everything going on behind the scenes. What did the people look like? How were they dressed? What was their tone of voice? Who was there? All of these are important to the story." The portrait of the cover is one of Alan's favorite Renaissance paintings, It was painted by Matthias Strom of Stromer (1600-1652). He was a Dutch or perhaps a Flemish painter who lived for a time in Italy. For Alan, it is where Tell Me the Story- A Christmas Imaging begins. Enjoy Brent is a recent graduate from Herberger Institute for Design and the Arts at Arizona State University. When creating the illustrations for this story, Brent's goal was to use his artwork as a simple guide to let the reader's imagination interpret and create the story. The use of simple lines with dynamic shading is a technique Brent developed in his early years, and it is still apparent in his artwork today. Brent currently does freelance work as an illustrator and graphic artist.
A journey through history’s great decisions—and the people who had the courage to make them: “Insightful.” —Booklist In brief, compelling, and inspiring vignettes, bestselling author and historian Alan Axelrod pinpoints and investigates the make-or-break event in the lives and careers of some of history’s most significant figures. Axelrod explores the fascinating question of why the people who made history made their choices—and conveys the resonance of those choices today. The forty-six profiles range from ancient times to the present day and include: Cleopatra’s decision to rescue Egypt Washington’s decision to cross the Delaware and win Gandhi’s decision to prevail against the British Empire without bloodshed Truman’s decision to drop the A-bomb and end WW II Rosa Parks’s decision to sit in for civil rights Boris Yeltsin’s decision to embrace a new world order Flight 93’s decision to take a stand against terror, and more
This book is the result of Dr. Alan Bruce (A. Bruce) Clark’s decades of study, and it discusses the impact of the world’s major events upon the Annual, Federal Holidays of the United States of America, which start with New Year’s Day and end with Christmas Day. Dr. Clark wrote corporate histories for Historic Houston, a book that President George H. W. Bush also helped write and Dr. Clark, for several years, wrote the monthly feature articles in the E. W. Forbes Report, which received written praise from many world-renown leaders, including Dr. Denton Cooley who performed the first heart transplant in the USA. He wrote these articles before the death of Elroy Forbes, a Vietnam War veteran exposed to Agent Orange and honored by multiple Houston mayors with an "E. W. Forbes Day." In a strict sense, there are no national holidays when every person living in the United States is not working. However, there are eleven holidays that the Federal Government of the USA declared as annual celebrations. Five of these holidays occur on specific dates, provided the calendar days do not occur on weekends, while the dates for the other six holidays vary from year to year. This book is the result of Professor Clark’s providing handouts to his students about each Annual Federal Holiday, and their encouraging Alan Bruce Clark, PhD to compile the articles into an easy-to-read, interesting book. Dr. Clark wrote this book to show the terrific contributions made to America by those of different racial heritages, genders and creeds. As for Dr. Clark's ancestry it includes those who came to the United States on the Mayflower and his predecessors are buried in Hickory Grove Cemetery in Waverly, Pennsylvania along with the Underground Railroad African-Americans they supported. Thus, this work incorporated insights provided by African-Americans, Asian-Americans, Hispanic-Americans and Native-Americans. As noted, even the New Year's celebration, which did not originally occur on January 1, has elements of the world's major ethnic groups. History buffs, patriotic Americans, teachers wanting a unique required textbook for their students, librarians, active military personnel, veterans, children, teenagers, young adults, retirees, seniors, citizens, residents, business leaders, community leaders, political leaders, unions and even those who do business with American companies and/or are contemplating a visit or moving to the "land of opportunity" will greatly benefit from this book. This is due to its providing details on the history and customs behind the New Year's Day, Birthday of Martin Luther, King, Jr., Washington's Birthday, Memorial Day, Juneteenth National Independence Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Columbus Day, Veterans Day, Thanksgiving Day and Christmas Day Celebrations. This book even has events planned through 2025 and is dedicated to all Americans past, present and future. It is because of their devotion, determination and hard work that the United States became a great nation and that it can become even better. Each annual holiday has its own rich heritage, which all Americans, regardless of their personal beliefs, can appreciate and respect. The reason is that the sacrifices of others made the USA great. More importantly, the United States can become even better with your dedication and commitment. Having said these things, it is hoped that you will enjoy this trip through the Annual Federal Holidays of the United States of America! Businesspersons can give this book to clients, employees and schools. Likewise, government officials can present this book to military personnel and other public servants to let them know that their efforts are deeply appreciated, while teachers can order this book for their history, American culture and U.S. citizenship courses. Dr. Clark thanks you for your interest in this book and hopes that it will bless you in a very special way.
Fascinating revelations of the parts played by David, Solomon, Judas Maccabee, Pompey, Cleopatra, Justinian, and others in the making of the city. Jerusalem is one of the oldest cities in the world, with evidence of an original settlement dating back more than 4,000 years. Vitally important was the supply of water provided by the Gihon Spring, in a land that normally experienced rainfall only from November to March. Since then this Middle Eastern city has been attacked and devastated on numerous occasions. Former rulers include King David, who established the City of David, and his son Solomon, who expanded Jerusalem and built the first Great Temple on Mount Moriah. Destruction 2,600 years ago saw most of the inhabitants exiled to Babylon, but as the Jewish diaspora returned, the Temple and city were rebuilt. Wars between the Ptolemaic and Seleucid successors of Alexander the Great seemed endless, but the resistance of the Maccabee brothers eventually led to the glorious reign of the Hasmonean kings. Roman interference and the enforcement of the despotic Herod the Great as king led inevitably to the catastrophic Jewish/Roman wars, and Jerusalem was once again destroyed. Christianity eventually facilitated a reinvigorated Byzantine Jerusalem, which became one of the world’s most beautiful cities. The bubonic plague was survived, but a new low saw the Persians sack the city before Heraclius triumphantly returned Christ’s True Cross to Jerusalem. The History of Jerusalem: Its Origins to the Early Middle Ages is the first of its kind to examine in detail the rich history of Jerusalem during antiquity up to the year 630 CE. This in-depth account goes further than other volumes in terms of the breadth and scale of events covered, and offers an unbiased but critical appraisal of the colorful history of Jerusalem and the surrounding areas.
Cole's study on the Gospel of Mark is part of the Tyndale New Testament Commentaries, a popular series designed to help the general Bible reader understand clearly what the text actually says and what it means, without undue dependence on scholarly technicalities.
Rufinus' vivid account of the battle between the Eastern Emperor Theodosius and the Western usurper Eugenius by the River Frigidus in 394 represents it as the final confrontation between paganism and Christianity. It is indeed widely believed that a largely pagan aristocracy remained a powerful and active force well into the fifth century, sponsoring pagan literary circles, patronage of the classics, and propaganda for the old cults in art and literature. The main focus of much modern scholarship on the end of paganism in the West has been on its supposed stubborn resistance to Christianity. The dismantling of this romantic myth is one of the main goals of Alan Cameron's book. Actually, the book argues, Western paganism petered out much earlier and more rapidly than hitherto assumed.The subject of this book is not the conversion of the last pagans but rather the duration, nature, and consequences of their survival. By re-examining the abundant textual evidence, both Christian (Ambrose, Augustine, Jerome, Paulinus, Prudentius) and "pagan" (Claudian, Macrobius, and Ammianus Marcellinus), as well as the visual evidence (ivory diptychs, illuminated manuscripts, silverware), Cameron shows that most of the activities and artifacts previously identified as hallmarks of a pagan revival were in fact just as important to the life of cultivated Christians. Far from being a subversive activity designed to rally pagans, the acceptance of classical literature, learning, and art by most elite Christians may actually have helped the last reluctant pagans to finally abandon the old cults and adopt Christianity. The culmination of decades of research, The Last Pagans of Rome will overturn many long-held assumptions about pagan and Christian culture in the late antique West.
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