Alan E. Bernstein's Books

Hell and Its Rivals

Death and Retribution among Christians, Jews, and Muslims in the Early Middle Ages

By: Alan E. Bernstein

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Hell and Its Rivals

Death and Retribution among Christians, Jews, and Muslims in the Early Middle Ages

By: Alan E. Bernstein

The idea of punishment after death—whereby the souls of the wicked are consigned to Hell (Gehenna, Gehinnom, or Jahannam)—emerged out of beliefs found across the Mediterranean, from ancient Egypt to Zoroastrian Persia, and became fundamental to the Abrahamic religions. Once Hell achieved doctrinal expression in the New Testament, the Talmud, and the Qur'an, thinkers began to question Hell’s eternity, and to consider possible alternatives—hell’s rivals. Some imagined outright escape, others periodic but temporary relief within the torments. One option, including Purgatory and, in the Eastern Orthodox tradition, the Middle State, was to consider the punishments to be temporary and purifying. Despite these moral and theological hesitations, the idea of Hell has remained a historical and theological force until the present.In Hell and Its Rivals, Alan E. Bernstein examines an array of sources from within and beyond the three Abrahamic faiths—including theology, chronicles, legal charters, edifying tales, and narratives of near-death experiences—to analyze the origins and evolution of belief in Hell. Key social institutions, including slavery, capital punishment, and monarchy, also affected the afterlife beliefs of Jews, Christians, and Muslims. Reflection on hell encouraged a stigmatization of "the other" that in turn emphasized the differences between these religions. Yet, despite these rivalries, each community proclaimed eternal punishment and answered related challenges to it in similar terms. For all that divided them, they agreed on the need for—and fact of—Hell.

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518

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Cornell University Press

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ISBN 10

1501712489

ISBN 13

9781501712487

The Formation of Hell

Death and Retribution in the Ancient and Early Christian Worlds

By: Alan E. Bernstein

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The Formation of Hell

Death and Retribution in the Ancient and Early Christian Worlds

By: Alan E. Bernstein

What becomes of the wicked? Hell—exile from God, subjection to fire, worms, and darkness—for centuries the idea has shaped the dread of malefactors, the solace of victims, and the deterrence of believers. Although we may associate the notion of hell with Christian beliefs, its gradual emergence depended on conflicting notions that pervaded the Mediterranean world more than a millennium before the birth of Christ. Asking just why and how belief in hell arose, Alan E. Bernstein takes us back to those times and offers us a comparative view of the philosophy, poetry, folklore, myth, and theology of that formative age.Bernstein draws on sources from ancient Egypt, Mesopotamia, Greece, Rome, and Israel, as well as early Christian writings through Augustine, in order to reconstruct the story of the prophets, priests, poets, and charismatic leaders who fashioned concepts of hell from an array of perspectives on death and justice. The author traces hell's formation through close readings of works including the epics of Homer and Vergil, the satires of Lucian, the dialogues of Plato and Plutarch, the legends of Enoch, the confessions of the Psalms, the prophecies of Isaiah, Ezechiel, and Daniel, and the parables of Jesus. Reenacting lively debates about the nature of hell among the common people and the elites of diverse religious traditions, he provides new insight into the social implications and the psychological consequences of different visions of the afterlife.This superb account of a central image in Western culture will captivate readers interested in history, mythology, literature, psychology, philosophy, and religion.

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409

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Cornell University Press

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ISBN 10

150171175X

ISBN 13

9781501711756

Hell and Its Rivals

Death and Retribution among Christians, Jews, and Muslims in the Early Middle Ages

By: Alan E. Bernstein

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Hell and Its Rivals

Death and Retribution among Christians, Jews, and Muslims in the Early Middle Ages

By: Alan E. Bernstein

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518

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Cornell University Press

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1501712489

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9781501712487

Brenner and Rector's The Kidney E-Book

By: Alan S. L. Yu,Glenn M. Chertow,Valerie Luyckx,Philip A. Marsden,Karl Skorecki,Maarten W. Taal

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Brenner and Rector's The Kidney E-Book

By: Alan S. L. Yu,Glenn M. Chertow,Valerie Luyckx,Philip A. Marsden,Karl Skorecki,Maarten W. Taal

Overcome the toughest clinical challenges in nephrology with Brenner & Rector’s The Kidney -- the most well-known nephrology resource in the world. A diverse team of more than 200 international contributors brings you the latest knowledge and best practices on every front in nephrology worldwide. From basic science and pathophysiology to clinical best practices, Brenner & Rector’s The Kidney is your go-to resource for any stage of your career. Review of the basic science that underpins clinical nephrology, comprehensive selection of the most important bibliographical sources in nephrology, and Board Review-style questions help you prepare for certification or recertification. Coverage of kidney health and disease from pre-conception through fetal and infant health, childhood, adulthood, and into old age. Expanded sections and chapter on global perspective and ethical considerations. Uniform terminology and nomenclature in line with emerging consensus in world kidney community. More than 700 full-color high-quality photographs as well as carefully chosen figures, algorithms, and tables to illustrate essential concepts, nuances of clinical presentation and technique, and decision making provide a visual grasp and better understanding of critical information. Internationally diverse, trusted guidance and perspectives from a team of well-respected global contributors . An editorial team headed by Dr. Skorecki and handpicked by Dr. Brenner ensures the ongoing adherence to previous standards of excellence. All chapters have been extensively updated or entirely rewritten by authorities in their respective fields. The latest clinical information including recent clinical trials, genetic causes of kidney disease, cardiovascular and renal risk prediction in chronic kidney disease, new paradigms in fluid and electrolyte management, and pediatric kidney disease, keep you current with the rapid development of care and research worldwide.

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3585

Publisher

Elsevier Health Sciences

Published Date

ISBN 10

0323262597

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9780323262590

The Formation of Hell

Death and Retribution in the Ancient and Early Christian Worlds

By: Alan E. Bernstein

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The Formation of Hell

Death and Retribution in the Ancient and Early Christian Worlds

By: Alan E. Bernstein

Average ratings

N/A

Write a review

Solve jigsaw puzzle

Age

Page Count

409

Publisher

Cornell University Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

150171175X

ISBN 13

9781501711756

Book's by Alan E. Bernstein

Hell and Its Rivals

Hell and Its Rivals

The Formation of Hell

The Formation of Hell

Hell and Its Rivals

Hell and Its Rivals

Brenner and Rector's The Kidney E-Book

Brenner and Rector's The Kidney E-Book

The Formation of Hell

The Formation of Hell

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