The anthropologist Marcel Mauss, in his famous exploration of the gift in "primitive" and archaic societies, showed that the essential aspect of the exchange of presents involved the establishment of a social tie that bound the parties together above and beyond any material value of the objects exchanged. He argued that these intangible mutual "debts" constituted the social fabric. Godbout and Caillé show that, contrary to the modern assumption that societies function on the basis of market exchange and the pursuit of self-interest, the gift still constitutes the foundation of our social fabric. The authors describe the gift not as an object but as a social connection, perhaps the most important social connection because it creates a sense of obligation to respond in kind. They examine the gift in a broad range of cases such as blood and organ donation; volunteer work; the bonds between friends, couples, and family; Santa Claus; the interaction between performers and their audience; and the relation of the artist to society. Written in an engaging manner, The World of the Gift will appeal to anyone who is interested in how the world really operates.
This title was first published in 2003. The "Red Mafia" in Russia have become the subject of increasing international interest and considerable misinterpretation. After well-received editions in Russian, French and Italian, Anton Oleinik's study of Russian prisons, in which he explores the social roots of organized crime in post-Soviet societies, is now published in English. This English edition includes a postscript on the Moscow terrorist crisis of 2002. Oleinik's analysis reveals prison society as a mirror of broader Russian society - characterized by the absence of the state as an organizer of social practices. He builds on this to make a central distinction between two types of societies - the modern "large" society and the "small" society, like Russia, that has only been partially modernized, and in which the world of everyday life, experiences and relationships remains entirely separated from the official aims of modernization and efficiency. Oleinik is interested in the void between these two separate worlds, a void he sees being filled in Russia by the Mafia.
Groping around a familiar room in the dark, or learning to read again after a traumatic brain injury; navigating a virtual landscape through an avatar, or envisioning a scene through the eyes of a character—all of these are expressions of one fundamental property of life, Alain Berthoz argues. They are instances of vicariance, when the brain sidesteps an impasse by substituting one process or function for another. In The Vicarious Brain, Creator of Worlds, Berthoz shows that this capacity is the foundation of the human ability to think creatively and function in a complex world. Vicariance is often associated with proxies and delegates, but it also refers to a biological process in which a healthy organ takes over for a defective counterpart. Berthoz, a neuroscientist, approaches vicariance through neuronal networks, asking how, for example, a blind person can develop a heightened sense of touch. He also describes how our brains model physical reality and how we use these models to understand things that are foreign to us. Forging across disciplinary boundaries, he explores notions of the vicarious in paleontology, ethology, art, literature, and psychology. Through an absorbing examination of numerous facets of vicariance, Berthoz reveals its impact on an individual’s daily decision making and, more broadly, on the brain’s creation of worlds. As our personal and social lives are transformed by virtual realities, it is more crucial than ever before that we understand vicariance within our increasingly complex environment, and as an aspect of our own multiplying identities.
This book presents several recent advances in natural language semantics and explores the boundaries between syntax and semantics over the last two decades. It is based on some of the most recent theories in logic, such as linear logic and ludics, first created by Jean-Yves Girard, and it also provides some sharp analyses of computational semantical representations, explaining advanced theories in theoretical computer sciences, such as the lambda-mu and Lambek-Grishin calculi which were applied by Philippe de Groote and Michael Moortgat. The author also looks at Aarne Ranta's ‘proof as meaning’ approach, which was first based on Martin-Löf's Type Theory.Meaning, Logic and Ludics surveys the many solutions which have been proposed for the syntax-semantics interface, taking into account the specifications of linguistic signs (continuous or discontinuous) and the fundamental mechanisms developed by linguists and notable Generativists. This pioneering publication also presents ludics (in a chapter co-authored with Myriam Quatrini), a framework which allows us to characterize meaning as an invariant with regard to interaction between processes. It is an excellent book for advanced students, and academics alike, in the field of computational linguistics./a
Alain Badiou is perhaps the world’s most significant living philosopher. In his annual seminars on major topics and pivotal figures, Badiou developed vital aspects of his thinking on a range of subjects that he would go on to explore in his influential works. In this seminar, Badiou offers a tour de force encounter with a lesser-known seventeenth-century philosopher and theologian, Nicolas Malebranche, a contemporary and peer of Spinoza and Leibniz. The seminar is at once a record of Badiou’s thought at a key moment in the years before the publication of his most important work, Being and Event, and a lively interrogation of Malebranche’s key text, the Treatise on Nature and Grace. Badiou develops a rigorous yet novel analysis of Malebranche’s theory of grace, retracing his claims regarding the nature of creation and the relation between God and world and between God and Jesus. Through Malebranche, Badiou develops a radical concept of truth and the subject. This book renders a seemingly obscure post-Cartesian philosopher fascinating and alive, restoring him to the philosophical canon. It occupies a pivotal place in Badiou’s reflections on the nature of being that demonstrates the crucial role of theology in his thinking.
Corbin recreates the life and world of a man about whom nothing is known except for his entries in the civil registries and historical knowledge about the times in which he lived: Louis-Francois Pinagot, a forester and clog maker who lived during the heart of the nineteenth century--the age of Romanticism, of Hugo and Berlioz--from the Napoleonic Wars to the Third Republic.
The creation of the Nunavik is a major step forward, both for the Province of Quebec and its Inuit population. Not only does it underline the recognition of the Inuit people and their identity but it also stresses the importance of discussing some fundamental issues regarding the emancipation of the Inuit, their empowerment, the development and management of the northern resources of Quebec, and the protection and conservation of the fragile Nordic ecosystems. Rich in culture and scenery, Nunavik has identified tourism as one of the main and best suited avenue for economic development. But before Nunavik can truly enjoy the benefits of a well established tourism “industry”, many challenges need to be met. The development of tourism in a new destination is not only challenging but it requires human efforts, political and economic will over a large amount of time without much guaranties as to what will work or not.It is in this context that in August 2008, the members of the newly created International Polar Tourism Research Network (IPTRN) came to Kangiqsujjuak, Nunavik, to discuss how tourism can play a role in regional development. The collection of articles presented here is the result of the coming together of a group of polar tourism researchers from around the world, who met in Nunavik - the northernmost part of Quebec, to discuss polar tourism as a tool for regional development. Such a book does not claim to address all issues facing the polar destinations. It is nevertheless a base for reflection. Many of the new emerging regions of the circumpolar world, like the Nunavik, are experimenting with new powers and responsibilities.For scientists, this is an excellent time to assist with the experiences that have been well documented from other Northern, Arctic and polar regions. For tourism, this book is meant to offer a range of perspectives on how challenges can be met and how solutions can be implemented for the benefit of all local interests.
During the last fifteen years organoselenium chemistry underwent a spectacular mutation: from an exotic area of science practised by a few specialists it became a relatively well mastered and widely used methodology of synthetic organic chemistry. The key to this success is that a fair number of selenium based reagents and reactions have been discovered, which are able to perform specific transformations selectively and often under very mild conditions. The aim of this volume is to present the different selenium containing reagents now available to chemists, to mention the scope as well as the limitations of their reactions, and to compare those which possess similar reactivities. The authors present the reagents in the order of increasing oxidation level around the selenium atom.
This first-rate introduction to the study of social networks combines a hands-on manual with an up-to-date review of the latest research and techniques. The authors provide a thorough grounding in the application of the methods of social network analysis. They offer an understanding of the theory of social structures in which social network analysis is grounded, a summary of the concepts needed for dealing with more advanced techniques, and guides for using the primary computer software packages for social network analysis.
Here is a comprehensive and up to-do-date presentation of the origins, and properties of clay minerals at the Earth ́s surface. The text reviews the relatively simple laws that govern the chemical or isotopic composition and the crystalline structure of clays, and then discusses their genesis and alteration. Concluding chapters show that clay minerals can form in variety of different environments: meteorites, lavas, subduction zones, among others.
The idea of autonomous systems that are able to make choices according to properties which allow them to experience, apprehend and assess their environment is becoming a reality. These systems are capable of auto-configuration and self-organization. This book presents a model for the creation of autonomous systems based on a complex substratum, made up of multiple electronic components that deploy a variety of specific features. This substratum consists of multi-agent systems which act continuously and autonomously to collect information from the environment which they then feed into the global system, allowing it to generate discerning and concrete representations of its surroundings. These systems are able to construct a so-called artificial corporeity which allows them to have a sense of self, to then behave autonomously, in a way reminiscent of living organisms.
Originally published in 1967, The Poetry of John Lydgate presents a broad discussion of John Lydgate’s secular poetry. It reassesses much of the poetry through critical examination and suggests that Lydgate was not necessarily the master that the medieval ages proclaimed him to be, nor the plain poet that he is often seen as in modern analysis. Instead, the book suggest that he was a competent poetic craftsman that presents substantial literary form in his poetry. The analysis in the book looks at Lydgate as atypical of the Middle Ages, instead exhibiting traits currently linked to the Renaissance. The book provides a unique perspective on John Lydgate as a poet and will be of interest to medievalist and literary historians alike.
True microcephaly (head circumference ≤–3SD), either primary (present at birth) or secondary (of postnatal onset) results from an imbalance between progenitor cell production and cell death that lead to a reduced number of neuronal and glial cells within the brain, resulting in reduced brain growth. Primary non-syndromal microcephalies are recessive disorders resulting from abnormal control of mitotic spindle and cell cycle kinetics in progenitor cells. Microcephaly is also a frequent sign of defects in DNA double- and/or single-strand break repair and in nucleotide excision repair, in which it often is associated with general growth impairment. In these etiologies, cognitive functions are reasonably well preserved despite severe reduction in brain volume. Neuronal migration defects are often associated with secondary microcephaly, as are anomalies of telencephalic cleavage. Secondary microcephalies are often associated with increased neuronal death, and can be associated with metabolic disorders such as serine deficiency or thiamine pyrophosphate transporter deficiency. Microcephaly can be associated with hundreds of syndromal congenital anomalies, including many chromosomal disorders. Genetic etiologies of developmental microcephalies are reviewed.
Time management is essential for successful negotiations. This book helps you do first things first." —Jeanne Brett, DeWitt W. Buchanan,Jr. Professor of Dispute Resolution and Organizations, Kellogg School of Management, and Director of the Dispute Resolution Research Center "This book brings a breakthrough method to lead efficient negotiations." —Yann Duzert, Professor, Foundation Getulio Vargas, Brazil "Even if you only implement 5% of this method, your clients will find you more attentive to their needs." —John Wong, Senior Partner, The Boston Consulting Group, Hong Kong Office "A one-of-a-kind and most welcome companion for negotiators. It offers a learner-friendly distillation of tested ideas and good practices." —Pierre Debaty, Head of the Brussels Training Office, European Parliament "Drawing on their extensive experience in over 50 countries, the authors provide the best of Anglo-Saxon and continental Europe negotiation approaches." —AJR Groom, University of Kent at Canterbury "Whether you negotiate abroad or in your home country, this book is a must." —Tetsushi Okumura, Professor, Nagoya City University, Graduate School of Economics "Many former enemies started thinking and acting differently after having integrated the principles of this book." —Howard Wolpe, Special Advisor to the Africa Great Lakes region, former Member of US Congress "This negotiation method makes a difference for business and government leaders, who want to act more responsibly." —Theo Panayotou, Professor, Cyprus International Institute for Management & Harvard Kennedy School of Government
Our world is steeped in attitudes and concepts derived from a sacred worldview, and this book helps us understand why. Alain Cabantous shows that blasphemy is a battlefield where religious dogma and secular rule clash, with their respective agents (the priest and the judge) competing for the proper reaction to a variety of curses. The book takes us on a journey through the Christian West with braggarts, craftsmen, soldiers, sailors, and their coarse, forbidden exchanges. More than simply an exhaustive inventory of the uses of and bans on blasphemy, the book is a lively analysis of the relationship between the blasphemer, the machinery of language, and that of repression. Beginning with a review of acts and crimes of blasphemy in biblical times, including the second commandment's injunction against taking God's name in vain, Cabantous reviews the close relationship between religious authority and royal authority in the sixteenth century, when the king ruled by divine right and attacks against God were implicit attacks on the nature of kingship. Punishing blasphemy was a way for the king to rule as God's representative and an occasion for the church to take control of language. The narrative continues with an exploration of acts of blasphemy, as well as related acts of desecration and profanation, which were regarded as civil and religious offenses up to the French Revolution of 1789 and afterward. The book then explores blasphemy through the mid-nineteenth century, when Catholic opponents of the French Revolution claimed that revolution itself was a blasphemy and a profanation.
This book contains, in the form of concise papers of limited length, the proceedings of the 16th ESACT meeting that was held in Lugano, Switzerland, in April 1999. We hope it will become a useful resource of the most up-to-date information in animal cell technology, at least until the next meeting in 2001. Classical approaches for the use of animal cells (for example, production of virus vaccines) remain an important technology. However, it appears that major technological advances and major growth are occurring in other areas. Most importantly, protein production on the basis of recombinant DNA molecules transferred into animal cells appears to be an ever-increasing field of interest and innovation. Increasingly animal cells are being used as substrates for the study of gene activation and repression, and also for the more rapid production of small and moderate quantities of interesting proteins. Tissue engineering, somatic gene/cell therapy, organ-replacement technologies, and cell-based bio-sensors all contribute to a considerable widening of interest and research activity, based on animal cell technology.
Logics of Worlds is the sequel to Alain Badiou's masterpiece, Being and Event. Tackling the questions that had been left open by Being and Event, and answering many of his critics in the process, Badiou supplements his pioneering treatment of multiple being with a daring and complex theory of the worlds in which truths and subjects make their mark - what he calls a materialist dialectic. Drawing on his most ambitious philosophical predecessors - Leibniz, Kant, Hegel, Kierkegaard, Lacan, Deleuze – Badiou ends this important later work with an impassioned call to 'live for an Idea'.
In August 1870 in the French village of Hautefaye, a young nobleman, falsely accused of shouting republican slogans, was tortured for hours by a mob of peasants who later burned him alive. This book is a fascinating inquiry into the social and political ingredients of an alchemy that transformed ordinary people into brutal executioners.
Identifying gaps in knowledge is the first duty of any historian who sets out to understand the past. It is impossible fully to understand our forebears without some idea of what they did not know: the history of ignorance is an indispensable part of history itself. Here Alain Corbin focuses on our planet, exploring its mysteries past and present, and the intensity and eventual decline of the modes of terror and wonder it aroused. For thousands of years, humans knew nearly nothing about the earth. Certain locations on the map simply read ‘Terra Incognita’. Corbin recounts the many errors and uncertainties that littered the paths we followed in the attempt to discover the secrets of our blue planet, with a particular focus on the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries when the mysteries of volcanoes, the polar regions, glaciers, the stratosphere and the oceans began to be uncovered. While ignorance stimulated our ancestors’ imagination, Corbin’s history of ignorance reawakens our thirst for knowledge and changes our view of the world.
This book aims to study, from an approach linked to epistemology and the history of ideas, the evolution of economic science and its differing seminal systems. Today mainstream economics solves certain problems chosen within the scope of “normal science,” without questioning the epistemological foundations that support the paradigm within which they were conceived. Contrary to a Neoclassical interpretation, the historicist interpretation shows that, from the incommensurability of the different paradigms, it is impossible to conceive of a progress of economic science, in a long-term perspective. This book ultimately reveals, from the different economic schools of thought analyzed, that there is no pure form of episteme, or system of understanding. Each concrete episteme in the history of economic thought is by nature hybrid in the sense that it contains components from preceding systems of knowledge.
A beautiful volume that brings to light the forgotten Le Nain brothers, a trio of 17th-century French master painters who specialized in portraiture, religious subjects, and scenes of everyday peasant life In France in the 17th century, the brothers Antoine (c. 1598-1648), Louis (c. 1600/1605-1648), and Mathieu (1607-1677) Le Nain painted images of everyday life for which they became posthumously famous. They are celebrated for their depictions of middle-class leisure activities, and particularly for their representations of peasant families, who gaze out at the viewer. The uncompromising naturalism of these compositions, along with their oddly suspended action, imparts a sense of dignity to their subjects. Featuring more than sixty paintings highlighting the artists' full range of production, including altarpieces, private devotional paintings, portraits, and the poignant images of peasants for which the brothers are best known, this generously illustrated volume presents new research concerning the authorship, dating, and meaning of the works by well-known scholars in the field. Also groundbreaking are the results of a technical study of the paintings, which constitutes a major contribution to the scholarship on the Le Nain brothers.
The Second Empire lasted longer than any French regime since 1789, yet most historical accounts of the government of Napoleon III have been overshadowed by the knowledge of its disastrous and tragic end. As Professor Plessis shows in this detailed thermatic study, such an approach ignores the major social, economic, and political developments of a period that witnessed the gradual acceptance of univeral suffrage, the establishment of large-scale industrial capitalism, a massive improvement in communications, and the birth of impressionism in art.
Alain Badiou is arguably the most original and influential philosopher working in France today. Working against the tide of postmodern orthodoxy, Badiou revitalizes philosophy's perennial attempt to provide a systematic theory of truth. Theoretical Writings presents, in Badiou's own words, 'the theoretical core of [his] Philosophy'. Beginning with the controversial assertion that ontology is mathematics, the chapters step the reader through his key concepts of being, subject and truth via startling re-readings of canonical figures including Spinoza, Kant and Hegel and engagements with poetry, psychoanalysis and radical politics. Theoretical Writings is an indispensable introduction to one of the great thinkers of our time.
When negotiation fails, mediation avails other moves for an amicable resolution. Whether you are a current or future mediator or a party to a conflict, this is your essential companion to the theory, concepts, and best practices of mediation. In a world ridden by social divisions, responsible resolution of conflicts is more timely than ever. What happens when parties are unable to negotiate an agreement together? The next move is to invite a third party to reset the negotiations, facilitate the exchanges, rebuild a working relationship and empower the parties to explore the past, surface their present needs, invent, evaluate and choose the best solutions for the future. Mediation: Negotiation by Other Moves brings decades of critical analysis and experience that the authors tested worldwide in international organizations, governments, NGOs, universities and corporations. You will understand mediation better, and its significance in your personal and professional life. You will be able to develop a flexible mindset and a broad outlook to achieve sustainable outcomes. This book will cover: Models and principles from various domains of mediation: family, business & labor, public affairs, international relations A mediation framework to prepare for mediation and to run its process smoothly A step-by-step approach to a mediation session, from the opening until a possible settlement, via the various phases of problem solving Mediation traps and how to avoid them—for mediators and parties alike Ethics of mediation and questions of responsibility Mediation: Negotiation by Other Moves is essential reading for anyone who wishes to develop a pragmatic approach to mediation.
A provocative investigation of how law shapes everyday life In this groundbreaking work, French legal scholar Alain Supiot examines the relationship of society to legal discourse. He argues that the law is how justice is implmented in secular society, but it is not simply a technique to be manipulated at will: it is also an expression of the core beliefs of the West. We must recognize its universalizing, dogmatic nature and become receptive to other interpretations from non-Western cultures to help us avoid the clash of civilizations. In Homo Juridicus, Supiot deconstructs the illusion of a world that has become “flat” and undifferentiated, regulated only by supposed “laws” of science and the economy, and peopled by contract-makers driven only by the calculation of their individual interests. Such a liberal perspective is nothing but the flipside of the notion of the withering away of law and the state, promoted this time not under the banner of the struggle between classes, but rather in the name of the free competition between sovereign individuals. Supiot’s exploration of the development of the legal subject—the individual as formed through a dense web of contracts and laws—is set to become a classic work of social theory.
This volume has been prepared in the framework of Project 1: "Educating Man for the 21st Century" of Plan Europe 2000, sponsored by the European Cultural Foundation. While most of the studies launched under this Project deal with specific aspects or levels of education the present volume attempts to provide a more global view of educational futures and their relationships to alternative futures of the overall socio-economic system. It should not be considered as a general integration or synthesis· of the different studies of the Education Project of the European Cultural Foundation - although it draws on them as well as other recently published documents. Rather, it should be regarded as one of several possible approaches, analytical tools, and incentives to the study and open discussion of educational problems seen in a long-term perspective. The volume is the result of a collective effort of a multinational team of researchers. A colloquium of some sixty participants, meeting at the Uni versity of York in October 1972, provided critiques and comments to the first version of the report. But only the authors themselves claim responsibil ity for the methodology of the study, and the opinions and conclusions expressed therein. These do not necessarily reflect those of the sponsors of the volume, the European Cultural Foundation and the Scientific Committee of its Education Project. • Such a synthesis will appear as the concluding report of the Project.
The industrialization of food preservation and processing has been a dramatic development across Europe during modern times. This book sets out its story from the beginning of the nineteenth century when preservation of food from one harvest to another was essential to prevent hunger and even famine. Population growth and urbanization depended upon a break out from the ’biological ancien regime’ in which hunger was an ever-present threat. The application of mass production techniques by the food industries was essential to the modernization of Europe. From the mid-nineteenth century the development of food industries followed a marked regional pattern. After an initial growth in north-west Europe, the spread towards south-east Europe was slowed by social, cultural and political constraints. This was notable in the post-Second World War era. The picture of change in this volume is presented by case studies of countries ranging from the United Kingdom in the west to Romania in the east. All illustrate the role of food industries in creating new products that expanded the traditional cereal-based diet of pre-industrial Europe. Industrially preserved and processed foods provided new flavours and appetizing novelties which led to brand names recognized by consumers everywhere. Product marketing and advertising became fundamental to modern food retailing so that Europe’s largest food producers, Danone, Nestlé and Unilever, are numbered amongst the world’s biggest companies.
Corbin argues that with few exceptions people living before the eighteenth century knew nothing of the attractions of the coast, the visual delight of the sea, the desire to brave the force of the waves or to feel the coolness of sand against the skin. The image of the ocean in the popular consciousness was coloured by Biblical and mythical recollections of sea monsters, voracious whales, and catastrophic floods. It was perceived as sinister and unchanging, a dark, unfathomable force inspiring horror rather than attraction. These associations of catastrophe and fear in the minds of Europeans intensified the repulsion they felt towards deserted and dismal shores.
The Holy Shroud appeared in history, as early as 1356, in a collegiate church, located 20 kilometers south of Troyes. It was Jeanne de Vergy who testified to it, following the wish of her late husband, the knight, Geoffroy de Charny, also a standard-bearer and advisor to the King. But the history of the Holy Shroud, in Lirey, does not stop after its departure in 1418. Even distant several hundred kilometers, its memory continues to feed the coffers of the collegiate church, thanks to the coins left by the waves of pilgrims. The canons do not despair of seeing the relic one day in their new church, built in the 16th century. The Revolution will mark a fatal blow, after several centuries of decline. The Holy Shroud is now in Turin.
Recent advances have carried hepatology to new frontiers. The increasing frequency with which steatotic and cirrhotic livers undergo surgery obliges liver surgeons and hepatologists to understand the molecular mechanisms at play in these situations. Comprehension of the signaling pathways participating in liver regeneration, hepatocellular apoptosis and ischemia/reperfusion injury is essential. This book serves as a source of information to facilitate the reading of the literature and the planning of trials. Translational medicine implies knowledge of the molecular targets of novel therapeutic strategies. It is our goal to stimulate more research that can lead to more exchanges between the laboratory, the clinical ward and the operating room.
Asset management has quickly become one of the European Commission's key points on the post- Financial Services Action Plan (FSAP) agenda. The combination of Europe's demographic decline and the poor state of public finances means that asset management will play an increasingly important role in securing retirement income for the masses, as well as in channeling personal savings to productive investments. At the same time, the internal market for asset management is a project still very much under construction. While the commission's work has largely focused on supply-side considerations with a view to improving overall market integration and efficiency, this report tackles some key demand-side issues. The authors take a longer-term approach to the critical challenges that will arise following release of the European Commission's White Paper in the fall of 2006.
This book, the result of close collaboration between two very specialized centers, one in spinal surgery, the other in oncology, was written to take stock of the current data on vertebral metastases. It is intended as both a pratical guide for all those involved in this field of care and a didactic reference for those who are less familiar with either of these specialties. All aspects of current knowledge of metastases are considered. Regarding diagnostics, MRI is at present indispensable and nessecitates a broad iconography. In the therapeutics section, so as to restituate vertebral metastasis in its proper general context, a chapter is devoted to the particularities of the treatment in terms of the primary cancer. This is fundamental since the sensitivity of tumors to systemic treatment is clearly not the same from one case to another. The role of surgery in vertebral metastases has changed completely over the last ten years with the increasing use osteosynthesis combined with decompressive procedures. The explanation of these techniques and their indications is largely based upon providing a suitable response to the mechanical problems posed at each location in the spinal column. Vertebroplasty and biphosphonates, two recent additions to the therapeutic armamentarium are detailed, along with conventional treatments such as radiation therapy and the comprehensive approach to pain management. In the present context of technological advances against vertebral metastases, physicians must not lose sight of the patient as an individual. This imperative prompted us to include a chapter on nursing and psychological cared. Another chapter addresses the continuity of care, placing responsability for the patient's management at present solely in the hands of a multidisciplinary team. A methodological review of the literature concludes that there still remains much work to be done for better assessment of the responsability for the welfare of these patients. Two leading US spinal surgeons have accepted to endorse this manuscript: J.P. Farcy and N. Sundaresan. The question of their contributing to the book was naturally raised. However, it seemed preferable to preserve the homogenous spirit driving the original group of collaborators.
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