This book is about a young man (Akbar Mohammadi), a student at Tehran University get arrested during the student uprise in July 1999. His only crime was defending the basic human rights in Iran. He was encarserated, tortured and eventually killed in prison after seven years He talks in his memoire about the barbaric torture and treatment imposed upon political prisoners in Iran by the Islamic regime in Iran. After his death, his sister (Nasrin Mohammadi) picks up where he left off and Tells the world about her brother. She talks about how the family could Cope with this extremely difficult situation Akbar was a follower of Gondhi and Martin Luther King and belived in Non-Violant movement
This book is about a young man (Akbar Mohammadi), a student at Tehran University get arrested during the student uprise in July 1999. His only crime was defending the basic human rights in Iran. He was encarserated, tortured and eventually killed in prison after seven years He talks in his memoire about the barbaric torture and treatment imposed upon political prisoners in Iran by the Islamic regime in Iran. After his death, his sister (Nasrin Mohammadi) picks up where he left off and Tells the world about her brother. She talks about how the family could Cope with this extremely difficult situation Akbar was a follower of Gondhi and Martin Luther King and belived in Non-Violant movement.
This volume contains a collection of research articles by leading experts in group theory and some accessible surveys of recent research in the area. Together they provide an overview of the diversity of themes and applications that interest group theorists today. Topics covered in this volume include: combinatorial group theory, varieties of groups, orderable groups, conjugacy classes, profinite groups, probabilistic methods in group theory, graphs connected with groups, subgroup structure, and saturated formations.
Processing Technology for Bio-Based Polymers: Advanced Strategies and Practical Aspects brings together the latest advances and novel technologies surrounding the synthesis and manufacture of biopolymers, ranging from bio-based polymers to synthetic polymers from bio-derived monomers. Sections examine bio-based polymer chemistry, discuss polymerization process and emerging design technologies, cover manufacturing and processing approaches, explain cutting-edge approaches and innovative applications, and focus on biomedicals and other key application areas. Final chapters provide detailed discussion and an analysis of economic and environmental concerns, practical considerations, challenges, opportunities and future trends. This is a valuable resource for researchers, scientists and advanced students in polymer science, bio-based materials, nanomaterials, plastics engineering, biomaterials, chemistry, biotechnology, and materials science and engineering, as well as R&D professionals, engineers and industrialists interested in the development of biopolymers for advanced products and applications. - Focuses on the processing of bio-based polymers, covering both traditional methods and innovative new approaches - Offers novel opportunities and ideas for developing or improving technologies for biopolymer research, preparation and application - Examines other key considerations, including reliability and end product, economic concerns, and environmental and lifecycle aspects
ONE WOMAN'S JOURNEY OUT OF WARTOURN AFGHANISTAN Amidst the turmoil and destruction of Afghanistan there is a special class of Victim, marginalized and suppressed even more than the average citizen women. Stripped of their rights, their dignity and, in many cases, their families, the Female victims of Afghanistan's endless conflicts face unbearable lives of loss and struggle. Now, Alia Rawi Akbar's story provides a voice for these women. This incredible tale of Akbar's journey from Afghanistan to the United States Encompasses not only her personal challenges but unbelievable struggles Endured by her countrywomen as they fight for equal footing in a country where The law is stacked against them. Akbar's story doesn't end in Afghanistan. Her struggles continued in the United States, where her family fell victim to racist attacks and unfathomable tragedy. Yet, she has made it through those times to tell her incredible story. "A stunning story of survival and toughness. Akbar's journey is a wake-up call for those who believe that liberation means equality." Marie B Leonarde, author of A women worth: My life, My struggle "Never before has an author better explained the Universal struggles women face in today's world. Akbar is a master story teller and her personal journey is an inspiration to all women." Pam Diaz author of Pamiel
Hospitalization, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Surgery: The Lifecycle of Medical Sciences in Iran provides a complete understanding of the lifecycle of medicine in the underserved area of Iran. Coverage will elucidate the importance of communication between scientists in different countries for the further development of research to advance hospitalization infrastructure, diagnosis and treatment of diseases, and surgery techniques and availability. Using a systematic timeline approach, coverage includes early medical sciences to present day of Iran. Each chapter highlights important research, techniques, and procedures throughout the lifecycle of medical sciences and includes topics from bloodletting and setting bones, to anesthesia and vaccines. The content in each chapter emphasizes standard protocols based on international recognition to help developing countries adopt newer technologies. Covers the lifecycle of medical sciences in Iran for a comprehensive introduction to the developments in hospitalization, diagnosis and treatment of diseases, and surgery Shows ways that modern technology can be utilized in underserved areas of the world Provides the unique perspective and insight into the diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases like M. tuberculosis from a country that has seen the progression of the disease and its available treatments over many years
This book is designed to provide pharmacologists and researchers of natural products a comprehensive review of 200 medicinal plants, their vernacular names in various languages and their medicinal uses around the world, and in some cases, a historical perspective. Chemical constituents of each plant with the putative active constituent, and available up to date pharmacological studies (until 2017 on PubMed) with each medical activity explored and its relationship with traditional uses, are described for each plant. Any variations in chemical constituents and their effects on pharmacological studies outcome have been highlighted. All clinical trials conducted, with sufficient details, have been included. Nationalities and racial identities of participants of clinical trials are identified to impress upon the social, cultural and dietary influences on the clinical outcomes. Toxicity studies and potential interactions with prescribed drugs, and full spectrum of references are included.
Pili in Mycobacterium Tuberculosis: Structure, Function, and Therapeutic Advances discusses the types of pili produced by the tuberculosis-causing bacterium, Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTBC. The book examines the structure of pili shown under electron and atomic force microscopy and by using whole genome sequencing, outlines the importance of pili in mycobacterium tuberculosis. It also explores the role of pili in bacteria-host interactions and in drug development and delivery. Pili in Mycobacterium Tuberculosis opens with an overview of the structure, synthesis, and function of pili in bacteria. This includes taxonomy and the role of pili in diseases. The book also examines the preparation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis for electronic and atomic microscopy and looks at the different life cycles and susceptibility patterns of MTBC. It does on to discuss the expression and function of pili using whole genome sequencing and PCR-based methods and delves into bacteria host interactions. Lastly, it explores the development of new drugs and its delivery by pili. • Covers the structure, synthesis, and function of pili produced by the tuberculosis-causing bacterium, MTB• Introduces seven types of pili in MTB• Explains the mechanism of bacteria–host attachment and importance of this phenomena in MTB pili and other bacteria• Emphasizes the use of advances techniques to study and investigate the TB-bacilli and its interaction with host cells
This book focuses on oil politics and the development of nuclear technology in Iran, providing a broader historical context to understand Iran’s foreign relations and nuclear policy. The author assesses Iran's encounters with the West in light of major confrontations both in terms of open conflict as well as controversies surrounding treaties with foreign powers. In seeking to understand the geopolitics of oil in direct parallel to the geopolitics of nuclear technology, the book concentrates on Iran’s struggles to nationalize its oil, neo-colonialism, the formation of the oil consortium, and the more recent US backtracking on the nuclear deal with Iran.
Atlas of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis reveals in-depth information about mycobacterium tuberculosis which has never before been reported. Using atomic force microscopy (AFM), the in-depth phenotypic interaction that occurs in different stages of the tuberculosis lifecycle is illustrated, including resting, exponential, and dormant states. Coverage also includes the macroscopic and microscopic anatomy of mycobacterium, including pigmentation, morphology of colonies, size and shape, and the phenotypic changes from susceptible to resistant, all shown with images from electronic and atomic force microscopes. This book will open a new window into the results of molecular changes at the cellular level, guiding researchers and scientists to think in new ways about the area of cell wall and the reproductive and drug resistance phenomena surrounding tuberculosis. - Identifies the different stages and morphological aspects of mycobacterium tuberculosis with the use of new microscopy techniques - Includes never-before-seen photographs from the personal collection and scientific achievement of the authors - Outlines the nature of the lifecycle of mycobacterium tuberculosis in relation to adaptation in humans
Oxazole, Isoxazole, Benzoxazole Based Drug Discovery offers complete coverage of oxazole and related molecules, both from natural and synthetic origin, with a focus on the reaction mechanisms, and medicinal, pharmacokinetic and computational aspects. New and contemporary methods of synthesis are discussed, with a special focus on green, environment-friendly procedures. Discussion of stereochemical studies, particularly on natural molecules, are included. Computational chemistry has emerged as an integral tool for drug discovery, hence this book explains how the drug candidate is established as suitable for clinical trials with the help of molecular docking and virtual screening modeling. This book offers a broad range of recent developments and detailed coverage of synthesis and biological activities of the drugs, and is an ideal reference guide to researchers working in organic and medicinal chemistry. - Presents detailed coverage of chemical structures and practical synthetic methods of oxazoles, isoxazoles and benzoxazoles in drug discovery - Includes green, environmentally-friendly novel synthetic methods and mechanistic insights - Features biological and computational aspects of the oxazoles family of drugs, including virtual screening and molecular docking
A classic of modern Persian literature, 'Charand-o Parand' (or 'Stuff and Nonsense') is a work familiar to every literate Iranian. Originally a series of newspaper columns written by scholar and satirist Ali-Akbar Dehkhoda, the pieces poke fun at mullahs, the shah and the old religious and political order during the Constitutional Revolution. Translated by two distinguished scholars of Persian language and history, this volume makes Dehkhoda's entertaining political observations available to English readers for the first time.
This book sets out how contemporary Iranian scholars have approached the Qurʾān during recent decades. It particularly aims to explore the contributions of scholars that have emerged in the post 1979-revolution era, outlining their primary interpretive methods and foundational theories regarding the reading of the Qurʾān. Examining issues such as the status of women, democracy, freedom of religion and human rights, this book analyses the theoretical contributions of several Iranian scholars, some of which are new to the English-speaking academy. The hermeneutical approaches of figures such Abdolkarim Soroush, Muhammad Mojtahed Shabestari, Mohsen Kadivar, Hasan Yousefi-Eshkevari, Abolqasem Fanaie and Mostafa Malekian are presented and then analysed to demonstrate how a contextualist approach to the Qu’ran has been formed in response to the influence of Western Orientalism. The effect of this approach to the Qu’ran is then shown to have wide-ranging effects on Iranian society. This study reveals Qu’ranic thought that has been largely overlooked by the West. It will, therefore. Be of great use to academics in Religious, Islamic and Qurʾānic studies as well as those studying the culture of Iran and the Middle East more generally.
Ginkgo biloba leaf has been used as Chinese herbal medicine to treat a variety of health disorders for centuries, especially for vascular insufficiency. As dietary supplement, Ginkgo ranks among the most extensively used phytopharmaceutical products in the United States, and around the world. More than 24 different brands of Ginkgo extract are sold in the United States. In Europe, Ginkgo leaf extract EGb 761® is a registered drug for the treatment of age-related cognitive decline, including memory and concentration problems. Clinical studies have demonstrated effectiveness of Ginkgo extract in a wide range of health problems associated with cerebrovascular insufficiency. However, it is primarily known and appreciated for its effects on age-related decline in cognition and memory. This book discusses the results of published scientific studies regarding its various anecdotal uses.
This book argues that, to be healthy, human beings should love nature and stay in balance with it as much as possible. In other words: do not unbalance nature so that your own balance is not disturbed. The best and healthiest way for human beings to live is to find balance in life and nature. In this regard, the book discusses useful, nutritious, functional foods, nutraceuticals and antioxidants, and how natural molecules, which are provided by nature, can be the best medicine for human beings. At a molecular level, stress is defined by the presence of unbalanced free radicals in the body. Most diseases – especially type 2 diabetes, which accounts for the majority of diabetics – can be traced back to this problem. Our scientific evidence indicates that type 2 diabetes isn’t just a disease resulting from sugar, but also from stress. The book seeks to promote a healthier lifestyle by considering the psychoemotional dimension of wellness. And finally, it contends that good sleep is at the root of health and happiness for humanity, and that unbalanced free radicals are expelled from the body during restful sleep. The authors hope that this book will be a helpful guide and source of peace for readers, especially given their need for inner calm during the COVID-19 pandemic, and that the suggestions provided will show them the way to a better life.
M.J. Akbar writes the first cohesive history of jihad. From Prophet Muhammad to the presence of British American troops in Afghansitan, and in Iraq, Akbar shows how jihad's origins lie in the earliest consciousness of Muslims, how it thrives on notions of persection, victory and sacrifice.
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