The successful evaluation of capital projects requires not only a thorough understanding of traditional techniques of capital budgeting but advanced techniques as well. Riahi-Belkaoui examines the multidimensionality of capital budgeting in its various facets and in ways that executives with no special facility in the subject can follow. He covers replacement decisions, capital rationing, capital budgeting under inflation uncertainty, capital budgeting in a multinational setting with attention to political risks, social project evaluation, and concepts of wealth measurement and distribution. The result is a wide ranging treatment for executive decision makers in finance, banking, investment, and general management, and for their colleagues with similar interests in the academic community. Riahi-Belkaoui begins by examining the principles underlying the time value of money. In Chapter Two he introduces capital budgeting and in Chapter Three moves to advanced capital budgeting. There he discusses such advanced topics as replacement decisions, capital rationing, and capital budgeting under uncertainty and inflation. In Chapter Four he takes up the same issues associated with capital budgeting but in a global context, and in Chapter Five, the determination of political risk and its use in capital budgeting internationally. Chapter Six compares the techniques of leasing versus purchasing and their reliance on capital budgeting techniques. In Chapter Seven he turns to the techniques of capital budgeting applied to social projects, and ends the book with an examination of the behavior and cognitive implications of wealth measurement and distribution. This is a useful survey and examination of the traditional and advanced techniques of capital budgeting and their applications in domestic and international contexts.
Riahi-Belkaoui examines the crucial issues involved in the determination and uses of earnings as a measure of financial performance. He points out that the nature and measurement of earnings are subject to various interpretations, that determination of earnings follows determination of net value added, and that earnings is subject to management manipulation (earnings can be smoothed, for example.) A succinct, penetrating, illuminating treatment of earnings in general as well as its particulars, the book will be especially useful to upper management and accounting professionals, and to their colleagues in the academic community. Riahi-Belkaoui argues that the interest in earnings and its related issues of measurement, determination, management, and usefulness stems from three factors: 1) the crucial importance of earnings as the shareholders' share of the corporation's wealth; 2) the reliance of investors and users on earnings and the transformation of earnings for resource allocation decision making; and 3), the direct association between the efficiency of the capital markets and timely provision of earnings data. Each chapter identifies the nature of the issues surrounding the concept of earnings and presents empirical evidence that can be used to make enlightened corporate decisions or to aid in the development of public policy.
From the complexity of today's business world and its daily transactions has come a proliferation of new accounting standards. The Financial Accounting Standards Board has weighed in with its own pronouncements on the issues, but are they truly comprehensible and applicable? Riahi-Belkaoui explores these questions clearly, with numerous illustrations of the accounting techniques embedded in them, and offers interpretations designed to help accounting professionals deal with these problems in their work. Scholars, researchers, and students in the academic community will also find his analyses helpful and compelling.
The impact of multinationality on the operations of a firm is clear and strong. Riahi-Belkaoui shows how it affects the known relationships between earnings, efficiency, disclosure, and market valuation by its role as a dependent, moderating, intervening antecedant or consequent variable. Its impact can be felt, for example, in relationships and phenomena such as the timeliness and the informativeness of earnings, the underreaction of securities analysts, post-earnings announcement drifts, and the level and quality of disclosure. An understanding of multinationality in the earnings-disclosure-efficiency-market valuation relationship can also be used by accountants and researchers in their daily activities, and by corporate executives in multinational organizational decision making. The result is a useful, probing exploration for academics and practitioners alike.
An important but usually overlooked variable that affects the process and product of accounting is culture. Consensus on what constitutes proper accounting methods and behavior varies among countries, and it is this cultural relativism and its impacts that Riahi-Belkaoui explores here. His purpose is to elaborate on the nature of cultural relativism in accounting and in the interpretation of accounting data. He thus shows the way culture determines accounting judgments, and explains the intercultural differences in the perception of accounting concepts, and in the field's self-regulation internationally. His point is that accounting is actually a cultural rather than a technical process, and that professionals as well as academics should be aware of this. A challenging, useful discussion for teachers, graduate students, and accounting practitioners, particularly in international settings.
A firm's value consists of its assets-in-place and growth opportunities: its investment opportunity set. IOS plays a major role in determining a firm's corporate and accounting strategies, and how the marketplace reacts to them. Riahi-Belkaoui shows how IOS can be examined, measured, and used as one way to understand the various accounting and nonaccounting strategies espoused by management. His book fills a gap in the literature on this timely and provocative topic, and provides useful knowledge for upper management, academics, and graduate-level students. The importance of the IOS concept is beginning to be acknowledged in the literature of empirical accounting, finance, and management. There, the investment opportunity set is introduced as an explanatory or moderating variable of the relationship between accounting and economic phenomena and various predictor variables. Riahi-Belkaoui explicates a concept of growth opportunities or IOS (Chapter 1) and provides a general model for its measurement (Chapter 2). He shows its role in a general valuation model based on dividend yield and price earnings ratio (Chapter 3), in the relationship between profitability and multinationality (Chapter 4), in the determination of capital structure (Chapter 5), in a general model of international production (Chapter 6), in a general model of corporate disclosure (Chapter 7), in the relationship between systematic risk and multinationality (Chapter 8), in a model of reputation building (Chapter 9), and earnings management (Chapter 10). He goes on to discuss its role in explaining the relative market value compared to the accounting value of a multinational firm in Chapter 11, and in differentiating between the usefulness of accrual and cash flow based on valuation models in Chapter 12.
Financial analysis, based on ratio analysis, has been used as a tool for analyzing the financial strength of corporations. Although ratio analysis is generally used as a univariate strategy, the accounting and finance literature has evolved to include multivariate-based models in financial analysis, and these models can be used to explain important economic events and often predict them. Thus, in an exhaustive coverage of the economic events to which they can be applied, Riahi-Belkaoui discusses these models in a way that will have special value to corporate management, financial planners, and to their colleagues in the academic community who specialize in business and economic analysis.
Producers and users of management accounting information are confronted with crucial behavioral phenomena--factors that can affect the communication of this information and its use. Riahi-Belkaoui shows what these factors and phenomena are and how to understand and cope with them. In doing so, he shows how producers and users together can improve the efficiency of management accounting itself. He explains the judgment process in management accounting, identifies and explains the major behavioral phenomena, and then provides ways to use them for the firm's benefit. Thoughtful and comprehensive, his book is important reading for executive decision makers in almost all organizations throughout the public and private sectors.
Drawing upon cost accounting, mathematics, operations research, economics, and the behavioral sciences, Riahi-Belkaoui answers the call for a unique, multifaceted approach to the study of management accounting. His goal: to enhance performance in the essential tasks of cost estimation, allocation, planning, control, and performance evaluation. He covers the traditional techniques, but expands into quantitative methods and applications, then extends further into the behavioral unification of these techniques. His book is state of the art, ingenious in the way it adapts quantitative methods' solutions to traditional cost accounting topics, and innovative in its use of the behavioral implications. The result is an important resource for professionals, academics, and upper-level students in the field. Riahi-Belkaoui arranges his various techniques chapter by chapter. First, he looks at cost allocation and then at cost-volume profit analysis under stochastic conditions. In Chapter three he treats regression for cost estimation; in Chapter Four, the learning curve for the same purpose. He takes up advanced planning analysis in Chapter Five, advanced control analysis in Chapter Six, and decentralizing and performance evaluation in Chapter Seven. He then finishes with an important discussion of transfer pricing.
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