I only ever asked you for one thing,' my father said, a quiver in his voice. 'Just this one thing.' It was as though I had smashed the Ten Commandments. 'Oh father,' I cried, grovelling at his ankles while my mother and siblings looked on. 'The one thing you asked of me - is everything.' Bani Adam has known all his life what was expected of him. To marry the right kind of girl. To make the House of Adam proud. But Bani wanted more than this - he wanted to make his own choices. Being the first in his Australian Muslim family to go to university, he could see a different way. Years later, Bani will write his story to his son, Kahlil. Telling him of the choices that were made on Bani's behalf and those that he made for himself. Of the hurt he caused and the heartache he carries. Of the mistakes he made and the lessons he learned. In this moving and timely novel, Michael Mohammed Ahmad balances the complexities of modern love with the demands of family, tradition and faith. The Other Half of You is the powerful, insightful and unforgettable new novel from the Miles Franklin shortlisted author of The Lebs. PRAISE FOR THE LEBS WINNER NSW Premier's Literary Awards Multicultural NSW Award 2019 SHORTLISTED Miles Franklin Literary Award 2019 'an open-eyed and highly charismatic novel broiling with fight, tenderness and ambition' Big Issue 'wonderfully vivid and compelling . . . utterly authentic' Books+Publishing
إن كتاب الجامع الصحيح المشهور بصحيح البخاري لهو أصح الكتب بعد كتاب الله تعالى، وهو يحتوي على أحاديث للنبي المصطفى صلى الله عليه وسلم، وقد اشترط فيها المصنف أعلى درجات الصحة . ولكن لها أسانيد طويلة وفيه أحاديث متكررة فقام الإمام الزبيدي باختصاره بحذف الأسا
In today’s complex and volatile world the consequences of relying on fraudulent and counterfeit Hadith to legitimize extremist behavior, issue violent fatwas, and justify blatant abuse, particularly of women, is not only far too easy but in fact dangerous. Israr Khan addresses the sensitive topic of Hadith authentication, focusing on the criteria adopted by classical scholars to maintain that concentration on the continuity and accuracy of the chain of narrators, rather than the textual content of Hadith, has led to particular Hadith being included which either contradict other Hadith directly, project the Prophet (SAAS) in an uncharacteristic light, or do not reflect and/or conflict with the teachings of the Qur’an. The study traces in careful detail the historical development of the oral and written traditions, as well as the many targeted attempts at fabrication that took place, critiquing in methodical detail certain Hadith which have come to be widely accepted as “authentic.” The prominent collections we have today, were made possible by the development of the science of Hadith criticism, and Muslim scholars deserve deep appreciation for their painstaking work, as well as their invaluable contribution towards preserving the Hadith literature to the best of their ability. However, insists the author, the process is ongoing, and the closed door policy which currently surrounds Hadith authentication needs to be carefully reexamined.
In 1889, Hazrat Mirza Ghulam Ahmad of Qadian claimed to be the same Promised Messiah and al-Mahdi about whom the Holy Prophet Muhammad(sa) had given glad tidings. The Holy Prophet(sa) had prophesied that the important role of the Promised Messiah and al-Mahdi would be to revive faith and firmly establish the practice of Islamic law. When the Promised Messiah made his claim and invited all righteous souls to respond to his call, he published 10 conditions of bai’at for all who wished to join him with a covenant of allegiance. It is important for all Ahmadis to familiarize themselves with these 10 conditions. Hazrat Mirza Masroor Ahmad, Khalifatul Masih V (May Allah be his helper) has explained these 10 conditions in the light of the Holy Quran, sayings of the Holy Prophet(sa) and the writings of the Promised Messiah(as) in various Friday sermons and speeches. These are being presented in the format of a book for the guidance of all Ahmadis and all those who want to learn about Ahmadiyyat the true Islam.
The series Religion and Society (RS) contributes to the exploration of religions as social systems – both in Western and non-Western societies; in particular, it examines religions in their differentiation from, and intersection with, other cultural systems, such as art, economy, law and politics. Due attention is given to paradigmatic case or comparative studies that exhibit a clear theoretical orientation with the empirical and historical data of religion and such aspects of religion as ritual, the religious imagination, constructions of tradition, iconography, or media. In addition, the formation of religious communities, their construction of identity, and their relation to society and the wider public are key issues of this series.
Irfan Ahmad makes the far-reaching argument that potent systems and modes for self-critique as well as critique of others are inherent in Islam--indeed, critique is integral to its fundamental tenets and practices. Challenging common views of Islam as hostile to critical thinking, Ahmad delineates thriving traditions of critique in Islamic culture, focusing in large part on South Asian traditions. Ahmad interrogates Greek and Enlightenment notions of reason and critique, and he notes how they are invoked in relation to "others," including Muslims. Drafting an alternative genealogy of critique in Islam, Ahmad reads religious teachings and texts, drawing on sources in Hindi, Urdu, Farsi, and English, and demonstrates how they serve as expressions of critique. Throughout, he depicts Islam as an agent, not an object, of critique. On a broader level, Ahmad expands the idea of critique itself. Drawing on his fieldwork among marketplace hawkers in Delhi and Aligarh, he construes critique anthropologically as a sociocultural activity in the everyday lives of ordinary Muslims, beyond the world of intellectuals. Religion as Critique allows space for new theoretical considerations of modernity and change, taking on such salient issues as nationhood, women's equality, the state, culture, democracy, and secularism.
The rise of militant jihadist groups is one of the greatest international security crises in the world today. In civil wars across the modern Muslim world, Islamist groups have emerged out of the ashes, surged dramatically to power, and routed their rivals on the battlefield.
The writings elucidate many of Islamic teachings. This book contains excerpts of his writings with topics ranging from Allah to life after death. The original text has been provided alongside the English translation.
Ahmad bin Yahuya al-Baladhuri's History of the Arab Invasions is perhaps the most important single source for the history of the great Arab conquests of the Middle East in the sixth and early seventh centuries. The author, who died in 892, was a historian working at court of the Abbasid caliphs in Baghdad. He had access to a wide variety of earlier writings on the conquests and has preserved accounts that are not found anywhere else. But the book is much more than a series of accounts of battles. Baladhuri was very interested in the origins of the Islamic state and its institutions. His work contains a wealth of information about government, land-holding and economic developments. It is, in short, a key text for anyone interested in the formation of the Islamic world. In this new modern translation, fully annotated with a scholarly apparatus and commentary on the places, events and individuals mentioned, a key source on the Arab conquests is made available in English. It will be essential reading for scholars and students of Islamic Studies and Middle East history.
Hazrat Sahibzada Mirza Nasir Ahmad(rta) after having been elected as Khalifatul Masih III, the head of the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community, visited six countries of West Africa—Nigeria, Ghana, Ivory Coast, Liberia, The Gambia and Sierra Leone—in 1970. During his tour he also launched the blessed Nusrat Jahan Scheme (otherwise called Africa Leap Forward) while he was in The Gambia. The object of the scheme was and is to serve African nations by the Ahmadiyya contributions to open schools and hospitals etc. On his return to Pakistan, he gave an account of this tour of his in this Friday sermon, dated June 12, 1970.
Siratul-Abdal (Hallmarks of the Saints) was penned in Arabic by Hazrat Mirza Ghulam Ahmad, the Promised Messiah, peace be on him, in 1903. The book describes the distinctive qualities, morals, and virtues that set apart those who have made a holy change in themselves for the sake of God. Indeed, the life of the Promised Messiah himself is a compelling portrait of the characteristics of such holy personages. Siratul-Abdal is a masterpiece of the Arabic language, employing the most eloquent, powerful, and persuasive features of expression of classical Arabic. Although the eloquence of the original text simply cannot be reproduced in another language, every effort has been made to convey the message of the original Arabic text.
Many scientists have come to realize that science and religion can nurture each other. One example was the flowering of science in the first centuries of Islam. For Dr. Imad-ad-Dean Ahmad, a Muslim and an astronomer, studying the universe is an expression of faith. Scientists and non-scientists should appreciate the insights in this passionate and lucid book. Dr. Ahmad's book has been widely acclaimed for its insights into the Islamic approach to science and the spiritual foundations of Western scientists such as Galileo, Newton and Einstein. A Palestinian trained at Harvard, he offers a unique perspective of the role of religion in science.
The Emissary Elect is a concise Sīrah of the Messenger of Allāh صلى الله عليه وسلم, highlighting the main events in his blessed life. It is therefore ideal as a teaching template that can be used in Madrasahs, as well as Mawlid gatherings as it is brief and can be covered in a short period of time, or simply as an introduction to the Messenger of Allāh صلى الله عليه وسلم for someone who is not familiar with his blessed life. We hope when one has read this concise biography of the Messenger of Allāh صلى الله عليه وسلم one will have the desire then to progress to a more detailed Sīrah and read about him صلى الله عليه وسلم in more depth. We advise that one reads Sīrat al-Muṣṭafā صلى الله عليه وسلم by ʿAllāmah ʿAbd al-Muṣṭafā al-Aʿẓamī which is available in English entitled Muḥammad, The Prophet of Islām, as many ‘Siyar’ are misinformative and therefore do not give an accurate account of incidents. This is the most correct Sīrah available in the English language to our knowledge and contains many proofs in respect to the beliefs of the Ahl al-Sunnah wa al-Jamāʿah regarding the Messenger of Allāh صلى الله عليه وسلم to which others object. Second Edition Apart from general improvements, for this edition, footnotes have been converted to endnotes, to which references have been added. We appreciate the feedback we received, especially the notifying of errors. These have been corrected to the best of our knowledge.
Although access to financing in Pakistan is expanding quickly, it is two to four times lower than regional benchmarks. Half of Pakistani adults, mostly women, do not engage with the financial system at all, and only 14 percent have access to formal services. Credit for small- and medium-size enterprises is rationed by the financial system. The formal microfinance sector reaches less than 2 percent of the poor, as opposed to more than 25 percent in neighboring countries. Yet it is the micro- and small businesses, along with remittances, that help families escape the poverty trap and participate in the economy. 'Bringing Finance to Pakistan s Poor' is based on a pioneering and comprehensive survey and dataset that measures the access to financial products by Pakistani households. The survey included 10,305 households in all areas of the country, excluding the tribal regions. The accompanying CD contains summary statistics. The authors develop a picture of access to and usage of financial services across the country and across different population groups, and they identify policy and regulatory priorities. Reform measures in Pakistan have been timely, but alone are not enough; financial institutions have lagged behind in adopting technology, segmenting customer bases, diversifying products, and simplifying processes and procedures. Gender bias and low levels of financial literacy remain barriers, as is geographical remoteness. However, the single strongest cause of low financial access is lack of income not location, education, or even gender. 'Bringing Finance to Pakistan s Poor' will be of great interest to readers working in the areas of business and finance, economic policy, gender and rural development, and microfinance.
Hazrat Mirza Tahir Ahmad, Khalifatul-Masih IV(rta), was the grandson and fourth Khalifah (Successor) of Hazrat Mirza Ghulam Ahmad, the Promised Messiah(as). An avid reader and accomplished poet, he possessed a keen intellect, witty sense of humour, and an inexhaustible store of energy. He spoke and wrote extensively on a wide range of spiritual and secular subjects. Under his inspired leadership, the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community made tremendous progress. This short book attempts to provide a few glimpses into his remarkable and multi-faceted life.
Imām Ṭaḥāwī’s Sharḥ Maʿānī al-Āthār is a timeless and universal masterpiece from amongst the greatest compilations of Islamic literature. Consisting of a wide array of vast and unique Prophetic traditions, it is a detailed and indispensable resource in jurisprudential matters. As a key text within the Ḥanafī School of Law, it dispels the oft-assumed notion of the School being solely one of reason by substantiating many legal verdicts of the great luminary Imām Abū Ḥanīfah (Rh.) with not only the proposition of rationale but also with highly authentic supporting evidences. The key distinguishing factor of this work from others is its unmatchable style of composition and argumentation in deducing legal rulings and deeply analysing therein; all the while assisting its readers by explaining in a coherent, cogent, and comprehensive manner. As an outstanding treatise of Imām Ṭaḥāwi (Rh.) it embodies a lifetime of discerning sacred knowledge and formulating independent decisions based on such; pro- viding a glimpse into the depths and magnitudes of his knowledge. This book has been translated into English in the hope of making the text more accessible and enabling an appreciation for it amongst the masses.
Fascinating insights into modern strategic management from an Islamic perspective While strategic management is a cornerstone of any MBA program, it's almost always taught from conventional theories and typically American case studies. This book takes those traditional theories and interprets them from an Islamic perspective using more international case studies. Though primarily intended as a textbook for business students, the book is also extremely useful for any Muslim business leaders who want to transform their businesses while complying with Shariah, with a particular focus on developing corporate cultures and structures in sync with Islamic values. Offers a critical review of conventional strategic management theory, suggesting more effective alternatives based on a combination of conventional and Islamic theories Includes international case studies, each with a particularly Islamic angle Written by a successful author team that has written extensively on the subject of business management from an Islamic perspective
Masculinity, Sexuality and Illegal Migration makes use of extensive new empirical material to explore the phenomena of migration, human smuggling and illegal work, in order to develop a compelling account of international migration, linking it with irrational, risky economic behaviour and male sexual desire. Interviews conducted with successive waves of Pakistani immigrants in the UK and Italy, together with ethnographic fieldwork amongst local journalists, immigration officials and smugglers in Pakistan, serve as the basis for an interdisciplinary comparative analysis of illegal migration across time and space. Challenging the received idea that labour migration is driven purely by rational economic forces, Masculinity, Sexuality and Illegal Migration draws upon psychoanalytic social theory to examine the roles of masculinity and irrationality in the decision to migrate, thus stimulating a more complex debate about migration's causes and consequences. The arguments it makes raise wider questions about the folly of thinking about economic concerns in isolation from other aspects of human experience. As such, this book will appeal to those with research interests in economics, social theory, migration, gender and sexuality, and race and ethnicity.
This booklet is intended to give the reader a glimpse into the life of the Holy Prophet Muhammad (may Allah's blessings be upon him) whose message is addressed to all mankind and holds good for all times to come. The very nature of this work demands that one should study the different biographies of the Holy Prophet Muhammad, his sayings and actions as mentioned in the standard works like Sahih al-Bukhari, Muslim, etc., and make selections therefrom. The choicest and most typical of anecdotes of the Holy Prophet are presented. These will hold the readers' interest and appeal to them.
The Repose of the Spirits is a translation of one of the earliest and most comprehensive treatises on Sufism in the Persian language. Written by Aḥmad Sam'ānī, an expert in Islamic law from a famous Central Asian scholarly family in about the year 1135, it is one of the handful of early Sufi texts available in English and is by far the most accessible. It also may well be the longest and the most accurately translated. Ostensibly a commentary on the divine names, it avoids the abstract discourse of theological nitpicking and explains the human significance of the names with a delightful mix of Quranic verses and sayings of the Prophet and various past teachers, interspersed with original interpretations of the received wisdom. Unlike the usual books on the divine names (such as that of al-Ghazali), The Repose of the Spirits reminds the reader of the later poetical tradition, especially the work of Rumi. The prose is richly embroidered with imagery and interspersed with a great variety of Arabic and Persian poetry. What is especially remarkable is the manner in which the author speaks to his readers about their own personal situations, explaining why they are driven by a love affair with God, a God who is full of compassion and good humor, whether they know it or not. William C. Chittick's masterful new translation brings this work to an English-language audience for the first time.
Kisah Latifah - Maria Kajiwa Cerita ini mengisahkan ketabahan watak utamanya, Azim mencari adiknya, Bahiyah yang hilang sewaktu pergi ke sebuah kampung. Pencarian Azim membawa dia dan dua orang rakannya ke sebuah kem tahanan perang dunia ke 2 yang sudah ditinggalkan di atas sebuah bukit. Di situ, Azim dan kawan-kawannya berhadapan dengan pelbagai rintangan untuk menyelamatkan Bahiyah dari puaka yang mengawal tempat itu. Akhirnya setelah berhempas pulas, mereka berempat berjaya keluar dari situ dengan selamat. Dan akhirnya membongkar misteri yang sudah bertahun-tahun dirahsiakan. Kisah Malam Jumaat - Zaifuzaman Ahmad Zamri hanya bekerja di sebuah medan selera. Ketika malam jumaat, tidak ramai pelanggan yang hadir. Di kesempatan itu dia dan dua lagi rakan sekerja menghabiskan masa berbual. Topik yang dipilihnya kisah seram. Hanafi menceritakan empat kisah seram kepada mereka. Gara-gara sundel bolong, misteri kepala anjing, pocong dalam kem dan cubaan melarikan diri dan diganggu Pontianak. Malangnya malam itu Zamri sendiri ketika pulang telah diganggu dengan hantu tanpa kepala. Terus dia pengsan dan sejak itu dia tidak berani lagi untuk bergebang tentang kisah seram. Kem Rahsia - Aida Adia Empat rakan baik, Zayeed, Afy, Ryan dan Vijay tidak menyangka bahawa tugas mereka di KEM RAHSIA bukan sekadar melaksanakan latihan ketenteraan dan tugas-tugas rahsia dari unit mereka malah telah mengalami suatu tragedi berdarah hingga membawa impak besar dalam hidup mereka. Atas satu kesilapan tanpa disengajakan kerana mengambil barang yang bukan miliknya serta menganggu ketenteraman si penunggu hutan, Vijay telah diserapi roh pahlawan Melayu lama yang telah bersumpah akan mengakhiri dendamnya walau dengan apa cara sekalipun. “GANGGU KETENANGANKU, PETAKA HIDUPMU!”
Hazrat Mirza Ghulam Ahmad(as) of Qadian claimed to be the same Promised Messiah and Mahdi that the Holy Prophet Muhammad(sas) prophesied would come to rejuvenate Islam and restore its original lustre. During his early life, Mirza Ghulam Ahmad(as) saw a dream in which he handed a book of his own authorship to the Holy Prophet(sas). As soon as the book touched the Holy Prophet’s blessed hand, it transformed into a beautiful, honey-filled fruit which was then used to revive a dead person lying nearby. The Promised Messiah(as) was inspired with the following interpretation: Allah the Almighty then put it in my mind that the dead person in my dream was Islam and that Allah the Almighty would revive it at my hands through the spiritual power of the Holy Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. It is this very book – Barahin-e-Ahmadiyya – which is to be instrumental in revitalizing Islam in the latter days in accordance with the grand prophecy of the Holy Prophet(sas). Its subject matter is of universal importance and, as such, it will prove to be a source of lasting value for all readers. This significance of Barahin-e-Ahmadiyya cannot be overstated.
Our God is an English translation of Hamara Khuda written by Hazrat Mirza Bashir Ahmad (ra), M. A. in the prime of his youth. The book was written largely for the youth who were being swept by the onslaught of atheist literature. It is as relevant today as then; rather more so. The book mainly addresses the issue of Existence of God from the point of view of rational arguments. It furnishes cogent reasons as to why we cannot see God. The beauty of God lies in His being Hidden from our physical eyes, and yet being apparent to us through his creation and revelation. The universe, human nature, morality, universal acceptance of God, supremacy of Prophets and testimony of the righteous are the bases on which the author successfully develops the arguments for the existence of God. For a reflective mind everything in the world points to God. Even the smallest constituent of the universe presents an unfathomable puzzle for the human mind. The Christian church was, and continues to be, mainly responsible for advancing a totally false and absurd view that there is fundamental contradiction between science and religion. The Holy Quran and the Holy Prophet (sa) categorically reject this view. The author deals with the issue comprehensively and shows that there is not, and cannot be, a contradiction between science and religion. Next, the writer deals with advantages of belief in God; it brings about unity, dissuades from evil, encourages to do good, helps to understand the nature of things and brings about true satisfaction and contentment. Seven main Atheistic arguments are successfully refuted by very powerful arguments. Lastly, a comparison is made between drawbacks of Communism—which is considered to be a branch of Atheism—and advantages of economic system of Islam.
Ahmad Alkhamees defines Creative Shari‘ah compliance as compliance with the letter but not the objectives of Shari‘ah. In recent years, Islamic finance industry practises have come under scrutiny, with strong critiques levelled against many institutions that claim to provide Shari‘ah-compliant products and services, which in fact undermine the spirit and the objectives of Shari‘ah. This book significantly contributes to the sphere of Islamic finance in three main ways. First, it critically appraises justifications of creative Shari‘ah compliance practises. Second, it examines how Shari‘ah supervisory board (SSB) governance practises, and the inconsistent fatwas issued by SSBs, contribute to the issue of creative Shari‘ah compliance. Most importantly, it suggests regulatory mechanisms which regulators can employ in Islamic countries such as Saudi Arabia and in secular countries such as the United Kingdom to deal with the issue of creative Shari‘ah compliance.
This classic and popular introduction to the sciences developed to interpret and understand Islam's holy book is ideal for all serious students of the Koran. Precise, yet comprehensive, it covers the traditional disciplines, including the meaning and contexts of revelation, the history and transmission of the text, and exegesis, as well as more contemporary topics like the recording of the Koran, the history of Orientalist approaches, and a survey of translations. It ends with a guide for the correct recitation of, and etiquette toward, the Koran. Chapter 1: The Qur'an and Revelation Chapter 2: Transmission of the Qur'anic Revelation Chapter 3: The Qur'an in Manuscript and Print Chapter 4: Form, Language and Style Chapter 5: Understanding the Text Chapter 6: Interpreting the Text Chapter 7: Some Related Issues Chapter 8: Reading and Studying the Qur'an Ahmad Von Denffer was born in Germany in 1949. He studied Islamics and Social Anthropology at the Universty of Mainz, where he also attended additional courses in the Department of Missiology. His special interests include Christian-Muslim relations. He has made a number of contributions to scholarly journals and has several publications to his credit. He joined the Islamic Foundation as Research Fellow in 1978 and is presently working with the Islamic Centre, Munich.
“LEPASKAN aku! Lepaskan aku! Binatang kau!” Kedengaran suara menjerit-jerit dari rumah Pak Dollah yang terletak tidak jauh dari rumah Hisham. Ketika itu, Hisham sedang menyemak buku-buku rampaian anak-anak muridnya. Pen merah yang dipegang oleh Hisham hampir-hampir tercampak. Perlahan-lahan dia meraup wajahnya dengan tangan. Beristighfar panjang. Kemudian dia mengalihkan pandangan ke jendela yang terbuka luas. Angin sejuk mula terasa. Pen merah diletakkan kembali di atas meja. Lantas tangan kirinya mencapai cawan yang berisi air kopi lalu diteguknya.
NAMED A BEST BOOK OF THE YEAR BY THE NEW YORK TIMES AND NPR WINNER OF THE 2023 L.A. TIMES BOOK PRIZE, ART SEIDENBAUM AWARD FOR FIRST FICTION “Stunning not only on account of the author’s talent, of which there is clearly plenty, but also in its humanity.” —New York Times Book Review (cover) Sent back to his birthplace—Lahore’s notorious red-light district—to hush up the murder of a girl, a man finds himself in an unexpected reckoning with his past. Not since childhood has Faraz returned to the Mohalla, in Lahore’s walled inner city, where women continue to pass down the art of courtesan from mother to daughter. But he still remembers the day he was abducted from the home he shared with his mother and sister there, at the direction of his powerful father, who wanted to give him a chance at a respectable life. Now Wajid, once more dictating his fate from afar, has sent Faraz back to Lahore, installing him as head of the Mohalla police station and charging him with a mission: to cover up the violent death of a young girl. It should be a simple assignment to carry out in a marginalized community, but for the first time in his career, Faraz finds himself unable to follow orders. As the city assails him with a jumble of memories, he cannot stop asking questions or winding through the walled city’s labyrinthine alleyways chasing the secrets—his family’s and his own—that risk shattering his precariously constructed existence. Profoundly intimate and propulsive, The Return of Faraz Ali is a spellbindingly assured first novel that poses a timeless question: Whom do we choose to protect, and at what price?
Religion, although in its simplest form a belief or belief in an external force outside of man, is believed to have existed since the existence of man himself. There is a connection in the existence of religion on the one hand with the existence of human culture and civilization on the other. That is, since the beginning of religion or belief included in human life and—the rules—human life already existed in religion. It is very difficult to talk about the relationship between religion and violence. It is difficult in the sense of finding common ground agreed upon by some parties who disagree on this. Phenomenological studies that have been very hard show the relationship between the two is not spared from the reduction process that is criticized by many parties. Instead of seeing that violence is linked to many socio-economic-cultural contexts, phenomenological studies immediately ultimately see religion—its meaning, articulation and implementation—as the main factors that trigger violence. The Scapegoat Theory is one of them. René Girard goes so far as to say that not only does violence seem real and violent because of religion, but even rituals in religion do not escape violence, in this case it is a rite of sacrifice. Therefore, it is not surprising that then what happens to modern society due to the looseness of religious values that are in fact made to reduce and channel this violent desire. His excesses then because violence is not channeled through the realm of neutralization, he then appears in the social realm in the form of acts of violence that are no longer sacred, even considered evil. This book will explore Girard's interpretation of the sacrificial rite, as well as outline how Islam views Qurbani worship. With this we hope that there will be a balance of information about the worship of Sacrifice itself.
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