What is politics? Is it a universal feature of all human societies, past and present? Is it tied to specific institutional arenas? Or is it found in all groups and organizations, large or small, formal or informal? This new textbook seeks to provide answers to these important questions. Starting with what it means to ‘think politically’, the book goes on to explore a wide range of meanings attributed to the concept of politics from a variety of perspectives and theoretical traditions. It offers succinct and coherent overviews by some of the foremost scholars in the field, and each invites the reader to see the activity of politics in a distinctive way. Topics covered include politics as a form of rule, feminist approaches to politics, Marxism and politics, the politics of human behaviour, environmental politics, politics as collective choice, and Islam and politics. Written with the new student in mind, this concise introduction to the study and activity of politics is essential reading for all those coming to the discipline for the first time.
Personality at Work examines the increasingly controversial role of individual differences in predicting and determining behaviour at work. It asks whether psychological tests measuring personality traits can predict behaviour at work, such as job satisfaction, productivity, as well as absenteeism and turnover. Importantly, it is a critical and comprehensive review of that literature from psychology, sociology and management science which lies at the interface of personality theory, occupational psychology and organizational behaviour. Drawing on a vast body of published material, Adrian Furnham describes for the first time current state of knowledge in this area. The result is a volume which will be an enormously useful resource to the researcher and practitioner, as well as students of psychology, management science and sociology. Personality at Work is the only exhaustive and incisive multi-disciplinary work to assess the role of psychological testing in the management of the work place.
In this book, Adrian Thatcher offers fresh theological arguments for expanding our understanding of gender. He begins by describing the various meanings of gender and depicts the relations between women and men as a pervasive human and global problem. Thatcher then critiques naive and harmful theological accounts of sexuality and gender as binary opposites or mistaken identities. Demonstrating that the gendered theologies of Hans Urs von Balthasar and Karl Barth, as well as the Vatican's “war on gender” rest on questionable binary models, he replaces these models with a human continuum that allows for sexual difference without assuming “opposite sexes” and normative sexualities. Grounded in core Christian doctrines, this continuum enables a full theological affirmation of LGBTIQ people. Thatcher also addresses the excesses of the male/female binary in secular culture and outlines a hermeneutic that delivers justice and acceptance instead of sexism and discrimination.
This book challenges conventional conceptions of politics which focus largely on the institutions of government and the associated struggles for power around them. It argues that politics is involved in all the activities of cooperation and conflict whereby people organize the use, production and distribution of human, natural and material resources. Found in all human groups, institutions and societies, politics everywhere influences and reflects the structures of power, social organization, culture and ideology. These central themes are illustrated by drawing on a wide range of societies, including the !Kung hunter-gatherers, the pre-Columbian Aztecs and the Pastoral Maasai, as well as modern Britain and Third World societies from Chile to China. Other examples - of village communities, a typical university department and the World Bank - show how institutions may also be analyzed in terms of the definition of politics used here. It is equally central to the argument that many of the most critical problems occurring in societies can be attributed to their politics, and this theme is explored looking at such problems as poverty, famines, epidemics, violence and unemployment in Britain and throughout the world.
It was the railway's Titanic. A horrific crash involving five trains in which 230 died and 246 were injured, it remains the worst disaster in the long history of Britain's rail network.The location was the isolated signal box at Quintinshill, on the Anglo-Scottish border near Gretna; the date, 22 May 1915. Amongst the dead and injured were women and children but most of the casualties were Scottish soldiers on their way to fight in the Gallipoli campaign. Territorials setting off for war on a distant battlefield were to die, not in battle, but on home soil victims, it was said, of serious incompetence and a shoddy regard for procedure in the signal box, resulting in two signalmen being sent to prison. Startling new evidence reveals that the failures which led to the disaster were far more complex and wide-reaching than signalling negligence. Using previously undisclosed documents, the authors have been able to access official records from the time and have uncovered ahighly shocking and controversial truth behind what actually happened at Quintinshill and the extraordinary attempts to hide the truth.As featured in Dumfries & Galloway Life magazine, January 2014.
Academies and Free Schools in England argues that there is a high degree of philosophical consensus and historical continuity on the policy of ‘academisation’ across the main political parties in England. It attempts to make sense of what are all essentially free schools by interviewing the architects of policy and their closest advisors, analysing the extent to which they invoke historical expressions of conservatism and/or liberalism in their articulation of that convergence. The book offers a unique insight into educational policy-making during the Conservative/Liberal-Democrat coalition era (2010-2015), and an in-depth analysis of the nature of liberty as it relates to state education in England. Providing original interview transcripts of the key reformers, and new accounts of a sometimes contentious history, Hilton identifies an elite ‘policy community’, connected by educational background, moral-religious frameworks, life experiences and shared networks of common ideology. Academies and Free Schools in England will be vital reading to academics and researchers in the field of education and education policy. It will also be of great interest to school governors, business leaders, political philosophers and those involved and interested in free schools.
This book presents the critical information attendant to developing vaccines using the genetic basis of immunology. The authors explore which techniques and experimental paths can be pursued so that efficacious results in human trials can be reasonably expected for the treatment of bacterial, fungal, viral, and autoimmune diseases, as well as cancers. A chapter on the genetic vaccination of neonates with virus or plasmid DNA is also included.
Effective school leadership depends on developing an understanding of people, organisational learning and organisational processes. However, each school has a unique set of circumstances. Prescriptions for leadership that apply to one school may well not apply to another. Individual Schools, Unique Solutions turns away from the highly prescriptive management practices that often fail to provide a workable solution to specific problems in schools. Adrian Raynor demonstrates that by understanding the process influencing any situation, a creative solution can be achieved. The book draws on systems theory and aspects of complexity theory. While addressing many of the issues commonly faced by headteachers, the principles described are equally important for all levels of school management and the book will be of interest to all those in management positions in schools. Ultimately, this book is about developing effective leadership through understanding and is a guide to thinking afresh rather than looking for another quick-fix prescription.
The "idea of literature" is the very kernel of every literary study; however, this is the first survey of the historical development of this idea. Its purpose is to refute the belief, particularly prevalent in French criticism, that the "idea of literature" only appeared in the eighteenth century, and that it was perceived strictly as an art.
In 1989, British football was shaken to the core when ninety-six people lost their lives in the Hillsborough disaster.This, combined with the Bradford City fire four years earlier, enforced wholesale changes within stadiumssome clubs electing to move, lock, stock, and barrel to brand-new arenas. Grounded is a unique memoir of the authors visits to these grounds done in sequential order from Scunthorpe in 1988 right through to West Ham in 2016, each chapter correlating with trips to their former domiciles and summarized with his opinion on their comparativesnot as obvious as may appear. In the process, he details what he finds there, how the journeys didnt necessarily go according to plan, and the friends he made and, in one instance, lost, whilst indulging in his favorite pastimea hobby, an addiction, or merely a candidate for the lunatic asylum? Read it, and you can draw your own conclusions.
The last two decades have seen tremendous growth in biological research on psychopathy, a mental disorder distinguished by traits including a lack of empathy or emotional response, egocentricity, impulsivity, and stimulation seeking. But how does a psychopathOCOs brain work? What makes a psychopath'a a Psychopathy aprovides a concise, non-technical overview of the research in the areas of genetics, hormones, brain imaging, neuropsychology, environmental influences, and more, focusing on explaining what we currently know about the biological foundations for this disorder and offering insights into prediction, intervention, and prevention. It also offers a nuanced discussion of the ethical and legal implications associated with biological research on psychopathy. How much of this disorder is biologically based? Should offenders with psychopathic traits be punished for their crimes if we can show that biological factors contribute? aThe text clearly assesses the conclusions that can and cannot be drawn from existing biological research, and highlights the pressing considerations this research demands. Andrea L. Glenn ais Assistant Professor in the Center for the Prevention of Youth Behavior Problems and the Department of Psychology at the University of Alabama. a a Adrian Rainea is University Professor and the Richard Perry Professor of Criminology, Psychiatry, and Psychology, as well Chair of the Department of Criminology at the University of Pennsylvania.a
A leading textbook in its field, Human Resource Management at Work provides a clear introduction to the multiple meanings of HRM (human resource management) and the relationship between strategy and HRM. Covering international and comparative HRM as well as HRM and performance, it is filled with case studies and activities to bring the subject to life while summarizing the major forces shaping HRM and looking at the principal theoretical frameworks. Ideal for business and HR students taking a critical look at HRM theory and practice, this fully updated 6th edition of Human Resource Management at Work combines the latest research with real-world examples. Linking theory with practice, it encourages a critical awareness of HRM through case studies, real-world examples and activities. Now with a closer analysis of the forces shaping HRM at work and the growth of insecure work, it also features new case studies, an updated literature review and a stronger emphasis on international and comparative HRM. Knowledge intensive firms, employee engagement and talent management are discussed in detail as well, as is the role of bodies such as 'Engage for Success' in promoting new methods of working. Online supporting resources include an instructor's manual and lecture slides.
Don't be misled by the word social in the title. This is a book about how to improve corporate performance and gain competitive advantage. In Corporate Social Opportunity! Grayson and Hodges challenge perceived wisdom that adherence by business to corporate social responsibility (CSR) is a zero-sum game where the impact on companies is added costs and extra regulatory burden. From their unique vantage point working with leaders of global businesses and of local communities, the authors explain how powerful drivers forcing companies to adopt stringent social, ethical and environmental standards simultaneously create largely untapped opportunities for product innovation, market development and non-traditional business models. The key to exploiting these opportunities lies in building CSR into business strategy, not adding it on to business operations. With examples from 200 companies to illustrate their case, they outline both in theory and practice a seven-step process managers can apply to assess the implications of CSR on their business strategy and identify their own corporate social opportunities. Business is operating in a whirlwind of interacting global forces: revolutionary developments in communications and technology, significant changes in markets, shifts in demographics, and a transformation of personal values. The fallout from these forces is the underlying reason that corporate social responsibility has come of age. These global forces have led to a number of issues-such as ecology and environment, human rights and diversity, health and well-being, and communities-becoming potential liabilities for companies. Once regarded as 'soft' management issues, they are now increasingly recognised as hard to predict and hard for the business to deal with when they go wrong. Corporate Social Opportunity!, by the authors of the best-selling Everybody's Business moves the argument from the "why" of corporate social responsibility (CSR) to the "how" and beyond – to a future where CSR is perceived as an opportunity for business both in terms of reaping the benefits of retaining brand or organisational value and by developing new products and services, serving new markets and adopting new business models. This is not always a story of black and white, of what is right or what is wrong. Often it embraces apparently conflicting demands which require the application of judgement, guided by a clear sense of overall direction and corporate purpose. This book is designed to act as a compass for aiding navigation through such dilemmas and complex decisions. Using examples of current good practice, detailed interviews with leading CEOs and newly created diagnostic planning tools, all framed within a seven-step model for making CSR happen, the book aims to provide a practical guide to help business leaders and their managers understand how to assess the impact of corporate social responsibility factors on their core business strategy and operations and help them identify and prioritise between subsequent options and resulting business opportunities. The book is structured into two parts. Both parts describe the same seven-step model which, if followed, will help managers think through desired changes to business strategies, and necessary corresponding changes to operational practices. In Part 1, the seven steps-triggers; scoping; making the business case; committing to action; resources and integrating operations; engaging stakeholders; and measuring and reporting-are described and illustrative evidence and corresponding data provided. In Part 2, the authors have created a worked example of the diagnostic processes that form the backbone of the seven steps, based on the health and well-being issue of fast food and the growing problem of obesity, particularly among children, along with notes on how a manager might work through the processes with colleagues. The authors are pro-business although not business-as-usual. The book is written first and foremost with the purpose of helping to improve business performance, because business is after all the principal motor for growth and development in the world today. The authors argue that companies adhering to best practice in CSR and taking advantage of possibilities inherent in Corporate Social Opportunity! are good for shareholders as well as customers and employees.
In 2000 the European Union and its 78 African-Caribbean-Pacific partners signed the Cotonou Agreement, heralding a new era in developmental politics. This comprehensive book draws attention to the limitations in the EU's approach to implementing pro-poor, environmentally sustainable development amongst its African-Caribbean-Pacific partners.
Biologists often study living systems in light of their having evolved, of their being the products of various processes of heredity, adaptation, ancestry, and so on. In their investigations, then, biologists think comparatively: they situate lineages into models of those evolutionary processes, comparing their targets with ancestral relatives and with analogous evolutionary outcomes. This element characterizes this mode of investigation - 'comparative thinking' - and puts it to work in understanding why biological science takes the shape it does. Importantly, comparative thinking is local: what we can do with knowledge of a lineage is limited by the evolutionary processes into which it fits. In light of this analysis, the Element examines the experimental study of animal cognition, and macroevolutionary investigation of the 'shape of life', demonstrating the importance of comparative thinking in understanding both the power and limitations of biological knowledge.
This student-focused text provides an emphasis on skills development. Packed with real-life examples of what can go wrong with even the most well-conceived strategies, there is a focus on realism throughout. With a highly accessible writing style, this text it is an invaluable learning tool for all students in this area.
“An exhilarating, fascinating and eye-opening journey with two of our most inspirational creatives. A must-read for anyone interested in the crafts of acting and writing or considering a career as a self-employed artist. Lolita and Adrian don't shy away from documenting the reality of our profession – the endless multi-tasking, the long unpaid hours, and the peaks and troughs of generating your own work and being a creative-for-hire. Equally though they celebrate the joy and satisfaction when all that sweat and risk finally pays off.” Meera Syal CBE In this insightful joint working diary, the creative powerhouse of a couple, Lolita Chakrabarti and Adrian Lester, chronicle 16 months of their fascinating working lives, including their experiences working on the stage adaptation of Life of Pi, an original series of monologues about the NHS, the film adaptation of Red Velvet and the TV series The Rook, among many other projects. As readers, we experience, first-hand, their experiences as two of the most proactive and versatile theatre makers today, working across a range of media and exciting collaborations.
The legendary British Army officer recounts his experiences in the Boer War and both World Wars in this memoir with a foreword by Winston Churchill. Lieutenant General Sir Adrian Carton de Wiart had one of the most extraordinary military careers in the history of the British Army. His gallantry in combat won him a Victoria Cross and a Distinguished Service Order, as well as an eyepatch and an empty sleeve. His autobiography is one of the most remarkable of military memoirs. Carton de Wiart abandoned his law studies at Balliol College, Oxford, in 1899 to serve as a trooper in the South African War. During World War I he served both in British Somaliland and on the Western Front, where he lost his left eye to a bullet at the Battle of Somme. He went on to serve as a liaison officer with Polish forces, narrowly escaping the German blitz at the outbreak of World War II. He was part of the British Military Mission to Yugoslavia, taken prisoner by the Italian Army, and made numerous attempts at escape. He spent the remainder of the war as Churchill’s representative in China. The novelist Evelyn Waugh famously used Carton de Wiart as the model for his character Brigadier Ben Ritchie Hook in the Sword of Honour trilogy. In this thrilling autobiography, the legendary officer tells his own remarkable story.
Applying his controversial theory of evolution to the origins of the human species, Charles Darwin's The Descent of Man was the culmination of his life's work. This Penguin Classics edition is edited with an introduction by James Moore and Adrian Desmond. In The Origin of Species, Charles Darwin refused to discuss human evolution, believing the subject too 'surrounded with prejudices'. He had been reworking his notes since the 1830s, but only with trepidation did he finally publish The Descent of Man in 1871. The book notoriously put apes in our family tree and made the races one family, diversified by 'sexual selection' - Darwin's provocative theory that female choice among competing males leads to diverging racial characteristics. Named by Sigmund Freud as 'one of the ten most significant books' ever written, Darwin's Descent of Man continues to shape the way we think about what it is that makes us uniquely human. In their introduction, James Moore and Adrian Desmond, acclaimed biographers of Charles Darwin, call for a radical re-assessment of the book, arguing that its core ideas on race were fired by Darwin's hatred of slavery. The text is the second and definitive edition and this volume also contains suggestions for further reading, a chronology and biographical sketches of prominent individuals mentioned. Charles Darwin (1809-82), a Victorian scientist and naturalist, has become one of the most famous figures of science to date. The advent of On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection in 1859 challenged and contradicted all contemporary biological and religious beliefs. If you enjoyed The Descent of Man, you might like Darwin's On the Origin of Species, also available in Penguin Classics.
Who will remember 'Our Gracie' waving goodbye; Jack Buchanan constantly bumping into Elsie Randolph; Bobby Howes celebrating the invention of the Belisha Beacon, doing a cat duet with Wylie Watson and giving ideas to Rene Ray about ham sandwiches; John Wood and Claire Luce climbing the steps of the lighthouse and breathing on windows in Over She Goes, these accompanied by some of the most deft British and American composers of their time, their work lighter and freer than air. We catch those airs still, breathing on windows and wondering what became of it all. Book jacket.
This book provides the first ever intelligence history of Iraq from 1941 to 1945, and is the third and final volume of a trilogy on regional intelligence and counterintelligence operations that includes Nazi Secret Warfare in Occupied Persia (Iran) (2014), and Espionage and Counterintelligence in Occupied Persia (Iran) (2015). This account of covert operations in Iraq during the Second World War is based on archival documents, diaries, and memoirs, interspersed with descriptions of all kinds of clandestine activity, and contextualized with analysis showing the significance of what happened regionally in terms of the greater war. After outlining the circumstances of the rise and fall of the fascist Gaylani regime, Adrian O’Sullivan examines the activities of the Allied secret services (CICI, SOE, SIS, and OSS) in Iraq, and the Axis initiatives planned or mounted against them. O'Sullivan emphasizes the social nature of human intelligence work and introduces the reader to a number of interesting, talented personalities who performed secret roles in Iraq, including the distinguished author Dame Freya Stark.
The structure of corporate governance has made significant progress in OECD countries but it remains imperfectly linked to the activities of many businesses. Its advance on the global stage will be hesitant and slow until its practice in OECD countries is more consistent and convincing. Weaknesses in corporate governance and law enforcement are impeding the investment needed to build the global economy to its full potential. The Globalisation of Corporate Governance: The Challenge of Clashing Cultures, explores the challenges of making corporate governance effective for all participants in a global economy. The tasks of: o
From humble Glasgow beginnings, Colin Campbell rose to become Scotland's finest general and a favourite of Queen Victoria. In his fifty-year career he fought through the Peninsula, the Crimea, China and India, and still found time to contain a slave revolt, a Chartist revolution and Ireland's Tithe War. Through a combination of personal courage, compassionate leadership and genius for military strategy he became an idol for the men who served under him. This undisputed hero, whose memory has grown faint beside celebrated warriors of the Victorian age, was a soldier ahead of his time – the first working-class field marshal, with strong humanitarian leanings and an instinct for harnessing the power of the press. In the first major biography of Campbell since 1880 his career is radically reinterpreted and the life of this very private man is revealed. Victoria's Scottish Lion was shortlisted for The Society for Army Historical Research's 2015 Templar Prize.
Personnel monitoring is a term designating the determination of the inhaled dose of an airborne toxic material of an air-mediated hazardous physical force by the continuous collection of samples in the breathing or auditory zone, or auditory zone, or other appropriate exposed body area, over a finite period of exposure time. A personnel monitor is a self-powered device worn by monitored individual to collect a representative sample of laboratory analysis, or to provide accumulated dose of instantaneous warning of immediately hazardous conditions by visible or auditory means while being worn.
Widely accepted to have been inspired by Shakespeare’s Macbeth, Boris Godunov recounts the tragic conflict between Tsar Boris and the pretender Dimitri. Following the death of Ivan the Terrible, Boris Godunov became regent for the feeble-minded Tsar Fyodor, the heir to whose throne, the boy-prince Dimitri, died mysteriously in 1591. It was widely rumoured that Boris had murdered him, and when a renegade monk later appeared claiming to be Dimitri, he rapidly became a focus for revolt. This adaptation by acclaimed playwright & novelist Adrian Mitchell, was Mitchell’s final project before his death in 2008 and forms part of the Royal Shakespeare Company’s Winter 2012 season.
First published in 1939, this is the definitive text on patient positioning for the diagnostic radiography student and practitioner. The experienced author team appreciates that there is no substitute for a good understanding of basic skills in patient positioning and an accurate knowledge of anatomy to ensure good radiographic practice. This 12th edition retains the book’s pre-eminence in the field, with hundreds of positioning photographs and explanatory line diagrams, a clearly defined and easy-to-follow structure, and international applicability. The book presents the essentials of radiographic techniques in a practical way, avoiding unnecessary technical complexity and ensuring that the student and practitioner can find quickly the information that they require regarding particular positions. All the standard positioning is included, accompanied by supplementary positions where relevant and illustrations of pathology where appropriate. Common errors in positioning are also discussed.
This is the leading textbook for students taking the CIPD professional qualification and has been fully revised and rewritten to take account of the new academic standards that will be taught from September 2002. The title has been changed from Core Personnel and Development to People Management and Development to reflect the change in the standards.
This book is not an encyclopaedia of the British musical in the twentieth century, but an examination of its progress as it struggled to find an identity. It shows how the British musical has reacted to social and cultural forces, suggesting that some of its leading composers such as Lionel Bart and Julian Slade contributed much more to the genre than has previously been acknowledged. As the British musical veered between opera, light opera, operetta, spectacle with music, kitchen-sink musical, recherché musical, adaptations of classic novels, socially conscious musicals et al., this fresh assessment of the writers and their work offers a new understanding of the art -- publisher description.
Substantially revised and enlarged, this new edition of the Dictionary of Pseudonyms includes more than 2,000 new entries, bringing the volume's total to approximately 13,000 assumed names, nicknames, stage names, and aliases. The introduction has been entirely rewritten, and many previous entries feature new accompanying details or quoted material. This volume also features a significantly greater number of cross-references than was included in previous editions. Arranged by pseudonym, the entries give the true name, vital dates, country of origin or settlement, and profession. Many entries also include the story behind the person's name change.
In this first of a groundbreaking multivolume set, THE MCCARTNEY LEGACY, VOL 1: 1969-73 captures the life of Paul McCartney in the years immediately following the dissolution of the Beatles, a period in which McCartney recreated himself as both a man and a musician. Informed by hundreds of interviews, extensive ground up research, and thousands of never-before-seen documents THE MCCARTNEY LEGACY, VOL 1 is an in depth, revealing exploration of McCartney’s creative and personal lives beyond the Beatles. When Paul McCartney issued a press release in April 1970 announcing that the world’s most beloved band, the Beatles, had broken up no one could have predicted that McCartney himself would go on to have one of the most successful solo careers in music history. Yet in the years after the Fab Four disbanded, Paul McCartney became a legend in his own right. Now journalist and world-renowned Beatles’ historian Allan Kozinn and award-winning documentarian Adrian Sinclair chronicle in technicolor McCartney’s pivotal years from 1969 to 1973, as he recreated himself in the immediate aftermath of the Beatles breakup – a period when, newly married and with a growing family, he conquered depression and self-doubt, formed a new band, Wings, and recorded five epochal albums culminating in the triumphant smash, Band on the Run. Part 1 of a multivolume set, THE MCCARTNEY LEGACY, VOL. 1 documents a pivotal moment in the life of a man whose legacy grows increasingly more relevant as his influence on music and pop culture remains as relevant as ever. It is the first truly comprehensive biography, and the most finely detailed exploration of McCartney’s creative life beyond the Beatles, ever undertaken.
The Little Black Songbook returns with Classic Songs For Ukulele - A huge selection of songs from the biggest names in pop and rock, each with complete lyrics and chords. This handy songbook is perfect for any aspiring ukulele strummer, ideal for group singalongs, a spot of busking or simply to expand your ukulele repertoire in an easy-to-learn way. This little book includes: - Big Yellow Taxi [Joni Mitchell] - Bohemian Like You [The Dandy Warhols] - Brown Eyed Girl [Van Morrison] - California Dreamin’ [The Mamas & The Papas] - Common People [Pulp] - Folsom Prison Blues [Johnny Cash] - Hallelujah [Leonard Cohen] - Imagine [John Lennon] - Jolene [Dolly Parton] - Killing Me Softly With His Song [Roberta Flack] - Layla [Eric Clapton] - Movin’ On Up [Primal Scream] - Mrs Robinson [Simon & Garfunkel] - Redemption Song [Bob Marley] - Space Oddity [David Bowie] - Summer Of 69 [Bryan Adams] - The A Team [Ed Sheeran] - The Man Who Sold The World [Nirvana] - The Passenger [Iggy Pop] - There Is A Light That Never Goes Out [The Smiths] - These Boots Are Made For Walking [Nancy Sinatra] - Try A Little Tenderness [Otis Redding] - Twist And Shout [The Beatles] - Waterloo Sunset [The Kinks] - Wild World [Cat Stevens] - Ziggy Stardust [David Bowie] And many, many more!
The first comprehensive history of marine insurance transacted in London from the industry's beginnings, to the early-nineteenth-century, when legislative change ended parliamentary monopolies over the business.This book describes the development and evolution of the customary, legal, and commercial institutions of marine insurance, alongside its developing organisational structures. It analyses major market interventions during the period, including state-sponsored initiatives in the late sixteenth century, the introduction of new corporate forms in the early eighteenth century, and the formation and maturation of Lloyd's of London. The book examines the impact of crises such as the Smyrna catastrophe of 1693 and the South Sea Bubble, and makes comparisons with developments in other marine insurance markets. In revealing how the London insurance market changed over centuries, the book discusses issues of risk and uncertainty, the financial revolution, the development of trade, and the reciprocal developmental roles of markets and the state. Overall, it highlights the ways that efficient and effective marine insurance capable of adapting according to circumstance was vital to the growth of trade and the economy.l roles of markets and the state. Overall, it highlights the ways that efficient and effective marine insurance capable of adapting according to circumstance was vital to the growth of trade and the economy.l roles of markets and the state. Overall, it highlights the ways that efficient and effective marine insurance capable of adapting according to circumstance was vital to the growth of trade and the economy.l roles of markets and the state. Overall, it highlights the ways that efficient and effective marine insurance capable of adapting according to circumstance was vital to the growth of trade and the economy.
Whilst the views of leaders within the Church of England are frequently canvassed during periods of national crisis, little attention has been devoted to finding out whether there are Church perspectives on contemporary foreign policy issues. The Church of England has not been regarded as an actor with a strong input into international affairs, preferring to speak out on domestic and individual issues. Yet world politics present fundamental ethical dilemmas which call for careful deliberation and the Church has a role to play both in shaping the debate and arguing for particular policy directions. To what extent is national policy shaped by underlying Christian values. Do the campaigning efforts of faith groups really exert influence and guide the development of state policy? This book seeks to elucidate whether there are particular Christian perspectives on the role that Great Britain should play in the world today. It investigates the role that the Church of England has played in contemporary foreign policy issues: including the use of force - intervention, counter-terrorism and arms sales - and overseas trade, aid and debt forgiveness. The book brings together senior individuals from within the Church, academia and non-governmental organisations to investigate these various ethical dilemmas.
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