The long-standing informality debate in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) Region has taken on a new urgency as it looks for a pathway to more socially inclusive growth that is less reliant on fossil fuels. This is occurring against a backdrop of subpar labor market outcomes, further growth setbacks, and deteriorating fiscal and current account deficits in the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic--and in the wake of high inflation and supply chain disruptions triggered by the Russian Federation-Ukraine war. 'Informality and Inclusive Growth in the Middle East and North Africa' aims to better understand the characteristics and incentive structure that have led to the prevalence of informal employment in three MENA countries--the Arab Republic of Egypt, Morocco, and Tunisia. The report breaks new ground by adopting a comprehensive perspective to focus on the features of, and interrelationships among, different aspects of these countries' institutional landscapes to make sense of the complex incentive structure that workers and firms face when deciding between formal and informal options. Specifically, the report groups these issues in three broad realms: (1) entrepreneur-worker relations, (2) taxes and transfers, and (3) market conditions. 'This report is an extremely welcome addition to the literature on MENA labor markets. By analyzing the incentive structure and institutional factors that have led to the prevalence of informal employment in Egypt, Morocco, and Tunisia, it points the way to policy actions that can be taken to reduce informality and increase social protection for workers. It is a must-read for anyone who cares about greater economic inclusion in MENA.' --Ragui Assaad, Professor, Hubert H. Humphrey School of Public Affairs, University of Minnesota 'A compelling account of the implications of informality in the workforce and how economies of MENA can design appropriate policy responses. This timely report comes amid multiple social reforms in MENA and is a must-read for policy practitioners and economists in the region.' --Karim El Aynaoui, Executive President, Policy Center for the New South 'This report is particularly timely given the negative impact the COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent crises have had on living standards and poverty rates around the world and especially in MENA countries. While the focus on boosting growth and achieving the Sustainable Development Goals has revolved around financing, the report sheds new light on the benefits that tackling informality through institutional, regulatory, and policy changes could present to achieving these goals.' --Mahmoud Mohieldin, Executive Director, International Monetary Fund
Retrace the life of Moses from his modest birth and rescue as a baby to the courts of Pharaoh, from herding flocks in Midian to leading his people out of Egypt. Join Adam Hamilton as he travels from Egypt to Mt. Sinai, the Nile, the Red Sea and the wilderness exploring the sites of Moses' life. Using historical information, archaeological data, and biblical text, Hamilton guides us in the footsteps of this reluctant prophet who grew in his relationship with God and by the end of life had successfully fulfilled the role he was given. Turn your own reluctance into boldness as you examine the significant challenges facing Moses and how God shaped his character and life in powerful ways. Additional components for a six-week study include a comprehensive Leader Guide and a DVD featuring author and pastor Adam Hamilton. For a church-wide study, youth and children resources are also available.
The military side of the war on terrorism, says Adam Garfinkle, is a necessary but not sufficient aspect of the solution. Weapons of mass destruction are activated by ideas of mass destruction, and these ideas arise from complex historical and social factors. A Practical Guide to Winning the War on Terrorism offers concrete steps for undermining the very notion that terrorism is a legitimate method of political struggle—and for changing the conditions that lead people to embrace it.
Framed by a critical analysis of global capitalism, this book examines how the six states of the Gulf Cooperation Council are powerfully shaping the political economy of the wider Middle East. Through unprecedented and fine-grained empirical research - encompassing sectors such as agribusiness, real estate, finance, retail, telecommunications, and urban utilities - Adam Hanieh lays out the pivotal role of the Gulf in the affairs of other Arab states. This vital but little recognised feature of the Middle East's political economy is essential to understanding contemporary regional dynamics, not least of which is the emergence of significant internal tensions within the Gulf itself. Bringing fresh insights and a novel interdisciplinary approach to debates across political economy, critical geography, and Middle East studies, this book fills an important gap in how we understand the region and its place in the global order.
In 1948 the world witnessed an extraordinary event: the birth of Israel. After two millennia as a stateless people scattered across the globe and frequently persecuted by the societies in which they lived-most tragically during the Holocaust of World War II-Jews finally had a homeland. And the New Jersey-sized country was in Palestine, the ancestral land of the Jewish people. In the years since 1948, Israel has become the Middle East's most powerful, and most democratic, country. But the foundation and defense of the Jewish state ultimately came at the expense of a state for the Palestinians, another people with ancient ties to Palestine. For decades Israeli and Palestinian blood has stained the land, a string of peace initiatives collapsing amid the seemingly endless cycle of attack and retaliation. Resolving the conflict in a manner that preserves Israel's security remains an elusive goal not just for Israel, but also for the many countries with interests in the strategic Middle East, including the United States. Discusses the geography, history, economy, government, religion, people, foreign relations, and communities of Israel.
REVISED & EXPANDED 2ND EDITION The Queen Chronology is a comprehensive account of the studio and live recording and release history of Freddie Mercury, Brian May, John Deacon and Roger Taylor, who joined forces in 1971 as the classic line-up of the rock band Queen. Years of extensive research have gone into the creation of the Chronology, which covers the very beginnings of band members' careers, their earliest songwriting efforts and recording sessions, through the recording and releasing of Queen's 15 original studio albums with their classic line-up, to the present-day solo careers of Brian May and Roger Taylor. All of this information is presented date by date in chronological order, with detailed descriptions of each song version, including those both released and known to be unreleased. Every Queen and solo album, single, non-album track, edit, remix and extended version is examined, as are known demos or outtakes, pre-Queen recordings and guest appearances.
Not Without REASON, Not without CAUSE But that is the Destiny of God's hand at play Being your friend is MY CHOICE But falling in love with you, THAT IS BEYOND MY ABILITY Gazing at your face always makes me want to live for another 1000 YEARS The breath of your being is the LIFE of my existence Adam's Tetralogy: First Books: Adam I ( Encounter ) Second Books: Adam II ( Bangkok I'm in Love ) Third Books: Adam III ( Testament from UTAH ) Fourth Books: Last Chapter ( Adam vs Eve ) Description: I have completed four novels in the ADAM series, with each novel having a different theme but intertwined stories and narratives. I have been working on these manuscripts since 2009, with a total completion time until 2023 of 14 years. My tetralogy, titled ADAM, is a romance fiction genre where the romance novels are set in Indonesia, Australia, Thailand, and America. Here, you will enter a captivating world of romance, transcending continents and cultures without boundaries. Starting from the Encounter in Adam Part I, to the touching story in Bangkok in Adam Part II, the amazing adventure in Utah (Adam Part III), and finally, the inner turmoil between Adam and Eve in Adam Part IV, each page takes you on a profound emotional journey. Enjoy stories of complex and challenging relationships, but also full of courage and hope. Alongside the characters, you will experience the struggle for acceptance and the search for true love, against all cultural and social obstacles. The ADAM tetralogy is not just a romance tale, but also a voice for the diversity of life experiences, providing inspiration and an opportunity to reflect on the true meaning of love and acceptance. It depicts and describes the experiences and struggles of the main characters named Adam and Nicholas James Eliot (Nick), where they are involved in complex, unique, and often highly emotional relationships due to rejection and differences between Eastern and Western cultures that underpin the romance between the main characters, presenting its own set of challenges, especially for those from the East. I strongly believe that my story can open readers' minds to different experiences in life because this story is born from first love with a person named Nicholas James Eliot, who was born and raised in UTAH - the United States. As I write and publish this, the feelings of love still linger. I believe this story will appeal to readers from various backgrounds and captivate many hearts. I hope this novel can provide new experiences and inspiration for readers. Because I believe that every work should have a message to convey, and in this novel, I want to urge readers to continue fighting for our [their] love because we cannot choose to whom we should give our love because love comes from God. I am very pleased if this novel can have a positive impact on its readers and entertain and inspire them. First Synopsis Of Adam (Part I) - Encounter: Upon Adam's return from Australia, he decides to settle down and live with his father in Jakarta, Indonesia. Adam, the only child of a mixed marriage between an Indonesian father and an Australian mother, chooses to continue his studies in Western Indonesia, specifically in the city of Medan, with hopes of finding the right place to his education. Unexpectedly, on this journey, Adam encounters someone who never crossed his mind before, a person named Nicholas. Without plans or preparations, the seeds of love start to blossom between them. However, love doesn't always end in happiness. They fall deeply in love and share profound feelings for each other. Fear, worry, and even tears become part of the challenges they must confront. This compels them to separate for a period of 10 long years, resulting in profound disappointment and trauma as they search for the true meaning of love. LOVING you IS BEAUTY
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