Countries with evolving monetary regimes that decide to embark on “the Journey to inflation targeting” may not be able to adopt a full-fledged inflation targeting regime immediately. Those countries would be better off adopting transitional arrangements that take advantage of the informational content of monetary aggregates, developing an economic analysis capacity, and concentrating on monetay operations aimed at steering money market interest rates. This approach would allow the central bank to buy time for developing the building blocks for effective monetary policy, support transparent central bank communication, and limit the potential for undesirable outcomes along the road.
The paper aims to identify the optimal size, speed and composition of the medium-term fiscal adjustment in the context of Sudan's limited oil reserves. The permanently sustainable non-oil primary balance approach suggests the need for significant fiscal adjustment over the medium term, requiring a widening of the tax base. Cross-country comparisons highlight VAT and personal income tax (as well as tax administration) as key areas for reform. The paper also suggests the need for complementary expenditure-side measures in the areas of petroleum pricing and anchoring fiscal policy in non-oil indicators.
The lingua franca of the Indo-Pakistani people is one language, claims Khan, called Hindi when written in Nagari and Urdu when written in Arabic. He says it is not descended from Sanskrit, as conventionally believed, but is 10-12,000 years old and was influenced early by the Austric-Munda and Dravidian language families. Leaving aside any religious
The trial of Saddam Hussein marks the first time since the UN was created that a head of state has been put on trial by an invading, occupying power. This book, by the UK coordinator of Saddam Hussein's defense team, seeks to alert public attention to the threat this precedent poses to developing nations worldwide, and to its distortive influence on the further development of international law. Al-Ani documents the trail of illegalities marking the destruction of Iraq at the hands of the US and UK, from the genocidal sanctions of the 1990s, the US State Department pre-invasion planning that commenced in 2001, and the 2003 invasion, to the setting up and proceedings of the Tribunal that swiftly dispatched Saddam Hussein. While the Tribunal was intended to promote the image of a triumphant Iraqi democracy, the US was actually in control of all stages of the trial. It drafted the Tribunal's Statute, decided where the trial would be held, and what charges would be brought; researched, compiled, stored, and prevented access to evidence and documentation; elected and trained the judges, and micro-managed the proceedings. Al-Ani follows the trial step by step, detailing its many failures and US micro-management: * Important documents were not given to defense lawyers in advance * no written transcript of the trial was kept * paperwork was lost * The defense was prevented from cross-examining witnesses * judges and numerous witnesses participated incognito, * defense lawyers were intimidated, three were assassinated * defense witnesses were frightened to come forward * defense lawyers could not communicate with their client or review the evidence The trial itself was so farcical as to provoke international condemnation. International human rights groups, including Amnesty International and Human Rights Watch, as well as UN bodies such as the Working Group on Arbitrary Detention and the High Commissioner for Human Rights, have stated that the Iraqi Special Tribunal and its
An endearing, intimately personal account of the life of Hazrat Mirza Ghulam Ahmad, on whom be peace, told by Maulana Abdul-Karim of Sialkot, may Allah be pleased with him. In this moving and heart-warming story, we gain unique insight into the personal life of a man who claimed to be the Promised Messiah and Mahdi, divinely commissioned to unite humanity and rekindle the bond between God and His creation. Hazrat Maulana Sahib brings readers into the home of the Promised Messiah and shows, how even in his most informal moments, he was an affectionate husband, a loving father, and a gracious guide. This compelling and passionate account shines a light on the pristine character of a man who left behind a legacy of faith and devotion to God, compassion for humanity, and perseverance in the face of adversity.
Obesity and Voice: Current Views and Future Trends examines obesity-related voice research and suggests future research trends on the link between weight loss, weight gain, obesity, and phonation. Obesity is becoming one of the leading causes of disabilities and death. This unique text highlights the various means by which excessive weight, and weight loss, may jeopardize voice quality and endurance. All three components of voice production, the respiratory system and abdominal back and thoracic muscles as the power source, the vocal folds as the oscillator, and the vocal tract as the resonator, are targets of anatomic and systemic obesity-induced changes. Consequently, phonatory effects of obesity are inevitable. Considering the epidemic nature of obesity, obesity-related voice research is a critical topic for anyone interested in conditions affecting the voice, especially professional voice users and physicians.
In these competitive and turbulent times, project organisations face severe challenges. Despite the advancement of project management tools and techniques, the rate of project failure exceeds that of success. Regardless of calls for further empirical studies on the role of project leadership, researchers struggle to find the best leadership styles for project success. New digital transformation phenomena have forced organisations to offer more autonomy and decision-making authority to those at lower hierarchical levels. In this scenario, top management support plays a facilitator role. To the best of the researcher's knowledge, no past studies have examined these critical project success factors simultaneously in a project environment. Embedded in the theories of contingency, goal-setting, and social cognition, this study raised the hypothesis that project managers’ leadership styles impact project success via the mediation of goal clarity, empowerment, and self-leadership as well as the moderation of top management support. Data was collected by administering a cross-sectional survey to 289 project organisations in the IT sector. The results demonstrated that project managers' transactional leadership style does not impact project success because goal clarity has an insignificant association with project success. However, the transformational leadership style showed a positive impact on project success because empowerment significantly and positively relates to project success. The project manager's empowering leadership style was also found to positively influence project success through followers’ self-leadership. Additionally, top management support revealed a significant moderating role by strengthening the relationship between empowerment and project success. This study successfully fills theoretical gaps by introducing a novel moderated mediation model. The findings also offer useful insights to practitioners by revealing that project managers’ transformational leadership and empowering leadership are needed to enhance and encourage employee empowerment and self-leadership, and ultimately secure project success.
An award-winning journalist’s powerful portrait of his native Baghdad, the people of Iraq, and twenty years of war. “An essential insider account of the unravelling of Iraq…Driven by his intimate knowledge and deep personal stakes, Abdul-Ahad…offers an overdue reckoning with a broken history.”—Declan Walsh, author of The Nine Lives of Pakistan: Dispatches from a Precarious State “A vital archive of a time and place in history…Impossible to put down.”—Omar El Akkad, author of What Strange Paradise The history of reportage has often depended on outsiders—Ryszard Kapuściński witnessing the fall of the shah in Iran, Frances FitzGerald observing the aftermath of the American war in Vietnam. What would happen if a native son was so estranged from his city by war that he could, in essence, view it as an outsider? What kind of portrait of a war-wracked place and people might he present? A Stranger in Your Own City is award-winning writer Ghaith Abdul-Ahad’s vivid, shattering response. This is not a book about Iraq’s history or an inventory of the many Middle Eastern wars that have consumed the nation over the past several decades. This is the tale of a people who once lived under the rule of a megalomaniacal leader who shaped the state in his own image; a people who watched a foreign army invade, topple that leader, demolish the state, and then invent a new country; who experienced the horror of having their home fragmented into a hundred different cities. When the “Shock and Awe” campaign began in March 2003, Abdul-Ahad was an architect. Within months he would become a translator, then a fixer, then a reporter for The Guardian and elsewhere, chronicling the unbuilding of his centuries-old cosmopolitan city. Beginning at that moment and spanning twenty years, Abdul-Ahad’s book decenters the West and in its place focuses on everyday people, soldiers, mercenaries, citizens blown sideways through life by the war, and the proliferation of sectarian battles that continue to this day. Here is their Iraq, seen from the inside: the human cost of violence, the shifting allegiances, the generational change. A Stranger in Your Own City is a rare work of beauty and tragedy whose power and relevance lie in its attempt to return the land to the people to whom it belongs.
Chief of the Prophets is the English translation of Sirat Sayyidul Anbiya’, a chronological history of the life of the Holy Prophet Muhammad (sas). The book presents an eye-opening insight into the world in which the Holy Prophet (sas) appeared, providing the relevant historical context and highlighting the tremendous social transformation brought about by the lofty spirituality and virtuous character of the Holy Prophet (sas).
This book, Schools of Thought, Religions and Sects, is the eighth volume of a series of authoritative Islamic books entitled Islam: Questions And Answers. The overall series discuss issues relevant to Islam, and present accurate and reliable information based on the true beliefs and practices of the Prophet (Peace and Blessings of Allaah be upon Him) and his companions. The objectives of the various books include: to teach and familiarize Muslims with various aspects of their religion to be a source for guiding people to Islam to assist in solving the social and personal problems of the Muslims in an Islamic context The books are directed towards Muslims and non-Muslims alike. Subject areas include, but are not limited to, Islamic fiqh and jurisprudence, Islamic history, Islamic social laws (including marriage, divorce, contracts, and inheritance), Islamic finance, basic tenets and aqeedah of the Islamic faith and tawheed, and Arabic grammar as it relates to the Qur'an and Islamic texts. The books are compilations of questions and responses about Islam, from both Muslims and Non-Muslims. The responses are handled mainly by internationally re-nowned Islamic shaykhs and scholars, including Shaykh al-Islam Ibn Taymiyah, Ibn Katheer, al-Albaani, Shaykh Ibn Baaz, Ibn al -Jawzi, Ibn al-Qayyim, Al-'Izz ibn 'Abd al-Salaam, al-Nawawi, Shaykh 'Abd al-Kareem, al Khudayr, Al-Dhahabi, al -Qurtubi, Al-Sindi, al- Shawkaani and al-Bastawi using only authentic, scholarly sources based on the Qur'an and sunnah. References are provided where appropriate in the responses. The book provides the reader with cross references of other pertinent responses not necessarily in the same volume, but also in othervolumes of the series. However, each volume is complete in itself. The book records accurately the answers the contributing Sheikhs and scholars gave to the questions put to them.
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